高效反义STAT3对A549细胞辐射敏感性的影响

目的 探讨高效反义STAT3转染肺腺癌A549细胞后,肿瘤细胞辐射敏感性的变化,为提高恶性肿瘤的辐射敏感性提供新的探索思路和途径。方法 用自行设计成功的高效反义STAT3(AS10)转染A549细胞后,以不同剂量γ射线照射,通过CCK-8试剂盒检测细胞增殖变化,Hoechst 33258染色对细胞凋亡作形态学上的观察;用Annexin V/PI复染,流式细胞仪检测细胞早期凋亡率的变化;Western blot检测STAT3蛋白表达及磷酸化变化情况,以及其下游基因表达变化情况。结果高效反义STAT3(AS10)转染后,加以γ射线照射,A549细胞的增殖相比于单独作用组受到明显抑制,细胞早期凋亡水平也增加,STAT3蛋白及其下游Bcl-Xl、Cyclin D1蛋白表达变化明显下降,STAT3蛋白磷酸化水平也降低。结论 反义STAT3(AS10)联合γ射线对A549细胞的增殖抑制和诱导凋亡作用明显增强,提高了A549细胞的辐射敏感性;表明阻断STAT3蛋白表达可能成为一种新的提高肿瘤辐射敏感性的有效手段。     

脂质体介导的IGF-1R反义寡核苷酸对胰腺癌细胞生长的抑制作用

目的　研究照射后脂质体 (lipofectin)介导的IGF 1R反义寡核苷酸 (ASON)体外抑制人胰腺癌细胞PC 3的生长情况。方法　体外6 0 Coγ射线照射后 ,观察PC 3细胞的集落形成情况 ,以了解其辐射敏感性及确定合适的辐射剂量。用MTT法比较脂质体介导的ASON直接转染与联合辐射转染对PC 3细胞的抑制效果 ,用流式细胞仪和RT PCR方法检测两种不同方法对PC 3细胞凋亡及IGF 1RmRNA表达的调控情况。结果　联合照射的脂质体介导的ASON组明显优于未照射组 (P <0 0 5 )。PC 3细胞的凋亡率及IGF 1R的mRNA水平亦均明显高于和低于未照射组 (P <0 0 5 )。结论电离辐射可促进脂质体介导的IGF 1R反义寡核苷酸转染 ,显著地降低IGF 1R的mRNA水平 ,诱导PC 3细胞的凋亡。     

阻断血管内皮生长因子表达对食管癌细胞放射敏感性的影响

目的 观察转染反义VEGF cDNA质粒和反义寡核苷酸后,TE-1食管癌细胞在体外的生长状况、VEGF表达水平及其放射敏感性的变化。方法 分别用反义VEGF cDNA质粒及空载体质粒和反义VEGF寡核苷酸经Lipofectamine^TM2000介导转染TE-1细胞,然后经γ射线照射。采用RT-PCR、Western blotting、流式细胞术、MTT法和克隆形成实验分别检测4组细胞照射前后VEGF基因的表达、凋亡率和细胞周期变化、细胞增殖情况以及转染细胞放射敏感性的变化。结果 将反义VEGF cDNA和反义寡核苷酸成功转入食管癌TE-1细胞后,VEGF表达水平明显降低,细胞增殖反应、细胞周期无明显变化,亦未见明显凋亡发生。照射后4组细胞增殖情况未见明显差异;反义组细胞凋亡率略有上升, 放射敏感性增加。结论 转染反义VEGF cDNA质粒和反义寡核苷酸可抑制食管癌TE-1细胞VEGF表达,联合放射线作用,对TE-1细胞的增殖无明显影响,而对其放射敏感性有增强作用。     

辐射诱导pEgr-p16表达增强及其体外抑制B16黑色素瘤作用

目的研究pEgr-p16重组质粒在转染的黑色素瘤B16细胞中的辐射诱导表达特性,验证其联合放射治疗体外抑制B16细胞增殖的作用。方法将脂质体包裹的pEgr-p16重组质粒,转染B16细胞株;采用定量PCR方法检测不同剂量X射线诱导后p16的表达和同一剂量X射线诱导下p16的表达时程,流式细胞数术检测细胞凋亡率的变化;MTT法检测pEgr-p16基因协同放射治疗后B16细胞的存活情况。结果pEgr-p16重组质粒转染B16细胞,不同剂量X射线均可诱导p16表达增强,为假照组的3.78-6.67倍（P〈0.01）;2GyX射线照射后,p16表达随时间延长而逐渐增强,在照射后72h达到最高值。p16基因联合放射可诱导B16细胞凋亡,凋亡率高于单纯照射组和单纯基因诱导组（P〈0.05-0.01）;转染pEgr-p16质粒的细胞经2GyX射线照射,8d后细胞数明显低于同时间其他实验组（P〈0.05-0.001）。结论pEgr-p16基因-放射联合治疗有明显的抑制黑色素瘤B16细胞生长的作用,其作用优于单纯给予射线或基因转染。     

siRNA抑制STAT3基因对HepG2细胞辐射敏感性的影响

目的 研究瞬时转染的siRNA抑制STAT3基因表达对人肝癌HepG2细胞辐射敏感性的影响。方法 以人肝癌HepG2细胞作为研究对象，脂质体包裹化学合成的siRNA进行转染。采用实时RT-PCR和Westernblotting法分别从mRNA水平和蛋白水平检测STAT3基因的表达及编码蛋白磷酸化活化的改变，用CCK-8法和Hoechst33258DNA染色法检测辐射敏感性的变化。结果STAT3特异性的siRNA转染后HepG2细胞中STAT3基因mRNA拷贝数、STAT3蛋白表达和磷酸化水平均明显降低。mRNA水平的抑制效率可达70％。siRNA转染联合60Coγ射线照射后HepG2细胞增殖活力显著低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论 针对人STAT3基因的siRNA能够抑制HepG2细胞STAT3基因的表达，降低STAT3蛋白活化水平，进而产生辐射增敏作用。     

电离辐射对人肺腺癌A549细胞中STAT3靶基因表达的影响

目的 探讨γ射线照射对人肺腺癌A549细胞中促血管生成基因VEGF以及抗凋亡基因bcl-2和存活素(survivin)表达的影响及其与转录因子STAT3的关系。方法 利用RT-PCR和Western blot检测2和4 Gy γ射线照射后24 h A549细胞中VEGF、Bcl-2和Survivin表达水平以及STAT3抑制后VEGF和Survivin的表达变化。结果 2和4 Gy γ射线照射后,VEGF和Survivin的表达均显著升高,而Bcl-2的表达不受γ射线照射的影响。利用抑制剂AG490阻断γ射线照射诱导的STAT3激活后,辐射诱导的VEGF和Survivin的表达升高被抑制。结论 γ射线照射可通过激活STAT3上调A549细胞中Survivin和VEGF的表达,Survivin蛋白的上调在一定程度上抑制了辐射诱导的肿瘤细胞凋亡,而VEGF的表达升高则有助于肿瘤血管生成。     

抑制CHD6表达对A549细胞辐射敏感性的影响

目的通过RNA干扰技术建立染色质重构蛋白CHD6基因表达抑制的细胞模型,研究CHD6对人肺腺癌细胞A549细胞增殖及辐射敏感性的影响.方法利用质粒介导的siRNA技术建立CHD6基因表达抑制细胞模型,RT-PCR检测CHD6 mRNA的表达,细胞生长曲线和流式细胞技术分别检测A549细胞增殖及细胞周期的变化,荧光染色法检测细胞凋亡,细胞克隆形成率检测A549细胞辐射敏感性.结果通过本研究,成功构建了siRNA抑制CHD6表达的细胞模型;通过siRNA抑制CHD6的表达,A549细胞增殖能力明显增强,细胞对2 Gy以内γ射线照射有明显辐射抗性;大剂量照射后的细胞凋亡率无明显改变.结论抑制CHD6基因表达将提高细胞增殖能力和细胞的辐射抗性.     

电离辐射调控脂质体介导的p16基因在HeLa细胞中的表达

目的探讨不同剂量γ射线照射后诱导脂质体介导的p16基因在HeLa细胞中的表达及抗癌作用。方法用脂质体Lipofectamin介导重组质粒Egr-p16转染人HeLa细胞，采用RT-PCR的方法检测了。Coγ射线照射转染后的人HeLa细胞剂量效应和时程变化，用细胞计数检测细胞增殖的变化，用流式细胞术检测细胞周期的变化。结果研究证实0．5～8Gv照射后p16的转录水平高于对照，在2～4Gy照射后达到峰值，2Gy照射后2—24h高于对照组，在照射后4h达到峰值，然后逐渐下降。细胞生长曲线显示体外稳定转染联合。Coγ射线照射对HeLa细胞的增殖具有明显的抑制作用。细胞周期变化显示转染后的HeLa细胞经过照射后G0／G1期比例呈现剂量依赖性的下降，而S期则出现剂量依赖性的增加，出现明显的S期阻滞，G2／M期在2Gy出现明显的阻滞，在5和10Gy时逐渐下降，但是仍然高于对照组。结论^60Coγ射线可诱导转染的HeLa细胞p16转录水平的增强，同时在细胞增殖上出现明显的变化。     

γ射线照射对肺腺癌细胞迁移能力的影响及其分子机制

目的探讨辐射对肺腺癌A549细胞迁移能力的影响及其所依赖的信号通路。方法划痕实验检测2和4 Gyγ射线照射后A549细胞的迁移能力,Western印迹实验检测STAT3及磷酸化STAT3水平,ELISA法检测IL-6的分泌水平,间接免疫荧光染色观察STAT3在细胞内定位情况。结果 2或4 Gyγ射线照射均能显著增强A549细胞的迁移能力,并能激活STAT3的磷酸化,促进STAT3入核以及IL-6的分泌。JAK-2激酶特异性抑制剂AG490能阻断辐射诱导的STAT3磷酸化并进一步抑制辐射诱导的A549细胞迁移。结论本研究结果表明辐射能通过激活JAK-2/STAT3信号通路促进A549细胞的迁移,而IL-6可能参与了辐射诱导的JAK-2/STAT3信号通路的激活。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The role of interventional radiology in trauma

Introduction Interventional Radiology has evolved into a specialty having enormous input into the care of the traumatized patient.In all hospitals,regardless of size,the Interventional Radiologist must consider their relationships with the trauma service in order to     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Diagnóstico ecográfico del neumotórax

The ultrasonographic diagnosis of pneumothorax is based on the analysis of artifacts. It is possible to confirm or rule out pneumothorax by combining the following signs: lung sliding, the A and B lines, and the lung point. One fundamental advantage of lung ultrasonography is its easy access in any critical situation, especially in patients in the intensive care unit. For this reason, chest ultrasonography can be used as an alternative to plain-film X-rays and computed tomography in critical patients and in patients with normal plain films in whom pneumothorax is strongly suspected, as well as to evaluate the extent of the pneumothorax and monitor its evolution.     

Carbohydrate Supplementation during Exercise: Does It Help? How Much is Too Much?

KEY POINTS· Carbohydrate intake during exercise can delay the onset of fatigue and improve performance of prolonged exercise as well as exercise of shorter duration and greater intensity (e.g., continuous exercise lasting about 1h and intermittent high-intensity exercise), but the mechanisms by which performance is improved are different.