不同提取方法对蟾酥有效成分的影响

目的：考察无水乙醇、80％乙醇、甲醇等溶剂和回流提取法、超声提取法对蟾酥中华蟾酥毒基和脂蟾毒配基成分的提取差异。方法：采用高效液相色谱法对不同溶剂提取得的蟾酥样品进行测定。结果：不同溶剂和提取方法对蟾酥有效成分提取存在明显影响，影响大小为：加热回流〉超声，80％乙醇〉甲醇〉无水乙醇〉氯仿〉二氯甲烷〉乙酸乙脂。结论：提取工艺对蟾酥有效成分存在影响，以80％乙醇对蟾酥药材进行加热回流提取效率最高。     

茜草提取工艺的研究

目的 优选茜草的最佳提取工艺。方法 比较渗漉法、浸渍法、加热回流法3种提取方式，并采用L9(3^4)正交试验，以大叶茜草素含量和干浸膏收率为指标，对影响茜草的乙醇加热回流提取工艺的因素水平进行了研究。结果 茜草的最佳提取工艺为用10倍量70％乙醇加热回流提取3次，每次1h。提取次数影响差异具有显著性。结论 乙醇加热回流提取工艺用于茜草的提取稳定可行。     

不同提取方法对苦豆子急性毒性影响的实验研究

目的研究不同提取方法对苦豆子急性毒性的影响。方法分别采用乙醇回流提取法、水煎煮提取法、乙醇超声提取法和水超声提取法提取苦豆子,给小鼠灌胃等浓度、等体积的提取液,观察小鼠死亡情况,从而分析不同提取方法对苦豆子急性毒性的影响。结果 4种提取方法的苦豆子提取液对小鼠的急性毒性比较,差异有统计意义(P0.05),组间两两比较差异均有统计意义(P0.05或P0.01)。结论初步推断不同提取方法对苦豆子急性毒性的大小关系为:乙醇回流提取法乙醇超声提取法水超声提取法水煎煮提取法。     

川芎中阿魏酸的闪式提取工艺研究

目的研究川芎中阿魏酸的闪式提取工艺并对阿魏酸不同提取方法进行比较。方法以川芎提取液中阿魏酸的百分含量为指标,采用正交试验设计,对闪式提取法的影响因素进行考察,并在提取率、提取时间、耗电量等方面与文献报道的微波法、乙醇回流法进行比较。结果闪式提取的最佳工艺是65%乙醇20倍量,提取时间为1.5 min,平均提取率为75.48%。采用微波法和乙醇回流法提取川芎中阿魏酸的提取率分别为75.20%、92.50%,故乙醇回流法得到的提取液中阿魏酸的含量最高,但提取时间分别是闪式提取法的200倍,微波法的75倍,耗电量分别为闪式提取法的125倍,微波法的235倍。结论闪式提取法及微波法工艺简单、经济、快速,但阿魏酸的提取率不及乙醇回流法。     

新疆苦豆子有效成分氧化苦参碱的提取分离及初步鉴定研究

目的 从维药苦豆子中提取分离及纯化得到氧化苦参碱,并进行初步鉴定.方法 利用乙醇回流提取法和乙醇超声提取法制备氧化苦参碱粗品,利用大孔吸附树脂法分离纯化,并对制备工艺进行优化.结果 乙醇回流提取的实验条件为:乙醇浓度60%,料液比(g/mL)1:15,提取时间6h.侵提温度60℃;乙醇超声提取时,乙醇浓度65%,超声提取频率28 MHz,提取时间20 min.此两种方法的提取效果较好.两种粗品分别经LSA-21吸附大孔树脂进行分离纯化,其条件为:pH值10,用不同浓度(60%、45%和30%)乙醇梯度洗脱,其中30%乙醇的洗脱率最高.结论 乙醇回流法和超声提取法是制备氧化苦参碱粗品的可行途径,其中超声提取法具有节能、快速等优点,但出膏率不如乙醇回流提取法.利用LSA-21吸附大孔树脂是分离纯化氧化苦参碱的高效低成本的制备方法,与其他传统柱层析分离法比较具有明显优越性.本研究对实验室快速制备氧化苦参碱纯品提供简便工艺.     

7种山茱萸总皂苷提取分离方法效果比较

目的：考察不同提取方法对山茱萸总皂苷含量测定的影响。方法：分别采用无水乙醇回流提取、无水乙醇回流-正丁醇萃取、体积分数为70％乙醇回流提取、体积分数为70％乙醇回流提取-正丁醇萃取、水提取、超声波提取和超临界CO2提取方法,以人参皂苷Re作对照品,比色法测定提取液中山茱萸总皂苷的含量。结果及结论：不同提取方法对皂苷含量有较大的影响,超临界CO2提取技术无溶剂残留,操作温度低,对环境友好,提取效率高,皂苷含量是传统溶剂提取的1．5～2．0倍,有较好的应用前景。     

正交试验法优选山豆根提取工艺的研究

目的优选山豆根的最佳提取条件。方法比较浸渍法、渗漉法、加热回流法等5种提取方式,以山豆根所合成分苦参碱含量和干浸膏收率为评价指标,采用k(3^4)正交试验,对影响山豆根的乙醇加热回流提取效果的诸因素(乙醇体积浓度、乙醇用量、提取次数、提取时间)进行了优选。结果以乙醇用量为12倍量;提取2次;乙醇体积分数为50％;每次60min提取效果最好。结论本试验筛选出的工艺稳定、可行,适宜于工业化生产的推广和应用。     

多穗金粟兰粗提物提取方法的比较

目的：为确定多稳金粟兰党参内酯最佳提取工艺.方法：采用浸渍法、加热回流和渗漉法3种方法提取多稳金粟兰浸膏,以党参内酯含量为指标,确定最佳的提取方法.结果：渗漉法提取率最高,加热回流提取法提取率次之,但含量几乎相等,浸渍法提取效率最差,用10倍量的95％的乙醇为溶剂,对100目的多穗金粟兰粉末以4mL·min-1·k-1流速进行渗漉,提取率在90％以上.结论：用渗漉法提取金粟兰结果更好.     

何首乌中二苯乙烯苷提取工艺优选及炮制对其含量的影响

目的 优选何首乌中二苯乙烯苷的提取工艺，比较何首乌炮制前后二苯乙烯苷的含量。方法 采用正交试验法，通过HPLC测定提取液中二苯乙烯苷的含量。结果 何首乌中二苯乙烯苷的最佳提取工艺为；用6.0倍药材量的50%乙醇加热回流30min，何首乌炮制前后二苯乙烯苷的含量相关2-3倍。结论 正交设计中的乙醇浓度因素影响显著，何首乌炮制前后二苯乙烯苷的含量差异显著。     

尿炎消胶囊的提取工艺研究

目的:优化尿炎消胶囊提取工艺.方法:采用正交试验法,以延胡索乙素含量为考察指标,改变乙醇浓度、乙醇用量、回流时间3因素优化醇提工艺;药渣与其余药材,再以丹酚酸B含量为考察指标,改变煎煮次数、煎煮时间、加水量3因素优化水提工艺.结果:最佳提取工艺为4倍药材量的60％乙醇,加热回流2次,每次2h,药渣加7倍量的水煎煮1h....     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.