紫华荣及其主要成分对丝裂霉素C所致小鼠免疫功能低下的…

用抗癌药丝裂霉素Ｃ给小鼠腹腔内注射，同时口服中成药紫华荣及其主要成分紫草根、黄芪、川芎、以探讨中药对小鼠巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞的影响。结果丝裂霉素Ｃ能使小鼠腹腔内巨噬细胞数量减少，向异物的游走能力减慢，脾脏重量减轻，Ｔ淋巴细胞的母细胞化能力下降以及ＮＫ细胞的细胞毒作用减弱，并对巨噬细胞、Ｔ淋巴细胞的损害有防御作用。     

紫花地丁水煎剂调节小鼠免疫细胞功能的体外研究

目的：通过研究紫花地丁(Viola yedoensis Makino)水煎剂体外对C57小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化试验和腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能的影响，探讨紫花地丁的免疫调节功能，寻求一种更适宜的免疫调节剂。方法：3H-TdR掺入法测定不同浓度的紫花地丁对小鼠脾淋巴细胞和腹腔巨噬细胞的毒性作用；MTT方法检测小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化试验和腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能。结果：紫花地丁水煎剂在0．2～1．6mg/ml浓度时，能抑制正常小鼠被LPS诱导的脾淋巴细胞增殖活性，但未见到对ConA诱导的脾淋巴细胞增殖活性及对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能有明显影响。结论：紫花地丁水煎剂通过抑制小鼠由LPS诱导的B淋巴细胞的增殖，下调抗体的生成，但对小鼠细胞免疫功能无明显影响。     

茵栀黄口服液的药效研究

实验结果表明：茵栀黄口服液能显著抑制ＣＣｌ_４、ＴＡＡ、ＮＩＴ中毒小鼠血清ＡＬＴ、ＡＳＴ升高，显著降低ＮＩＴ中毒小鼠血清ＴＢＩＬ和ＤＢＩＬ，并显著减轻ＣＣｌ_４，ＮＩＴ中毒肝脏的病理改变。茵栀黄口服液也能明显提高小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能。     

香菇菌多糖对免疫低下小鼠的免疫调节作用

香菇菌多糖能使氢化可的松诱发小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞功能低下和外周血T淋巴细胞百分率减少,醋酸氢化泼尼松诱发小鼠网状内皮系统吞噬功能降低恢复正常,并能恢复环磷酰胺抑制的小鼠迟发过敏反应,促进ConA、PHA诱导淋巴细胞增殖作用。     

黔产棘茎槐木对环磷酰胺所致小鼠免疫抑制的保护作用

目的：探讨黔产棘茎格木的免疫调节作用。方法：昆明种小鼠腹腔注射环磷酰胺,建立免疫抑制模型,同时灌胃高、中、低剂量黔产棘茎槐木水煎液,分别观察其对小鼠血清溶血素、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能和淋巴细胞活化功能的影响。结果：与模型组比较,中药高、中剂量均可显著提高小鼠血清溶血素含量、增强腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬能力和淋巴细胞活化能力。结论：黔产棘茎格木可显著改善环磷酰胺对小鼠免疫功能的抑制。     

生地黄对“阴虚”模型小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞Ⅰa抗原表达的影响

巨噬细胞Ⅰａ抗原表达是反映其抗原提呈功能强弱的重要标志之一。本研究观察了生地黄对皮质酮（ＣＯＲＴ）肌肉注射复制的小鼠糖皮质激素过剩的“阴虚”模型腹腔巨噬细胞Ⅰａ抗原表达活性的影响。结果表明：“阴虚”模型小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞对ＩＦＮγ诱导的Ⅰａ抗原表达明显高于正常对照组，生地黄（２５～１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｄ）能明显抑制模型小鼠巨噬细胞Ⅰａ抗原的高水平表达。提示生地黄具有一定的免疫抑制作用，而抑制巨噬细胞表面Ⅰａ抗原表达水平，降低其提呈抗原能力，可能是这种作用的机理之一。     

龟鹿二仙胶冲剂对小鼠免疫功能影响的研究

龟鹿二仙胶冲剂可显著拮抗环磷酰胺引起的小鼠白细胞总数减少、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能下降、Ｔ淋巴细胞减少和血清溶血素的降低，并使之恢复至接近正常水平。表明龟鹿二仙胶冲剂具有增强小鼠免疫功能的作用。     

河狸香水溶部分对小鼠免疫功能的影响

动物实验发现河狸香水溶部分可降低正常小鼠脾细胞分泌抗体的功能，其作用与地塞米松组相当，与生理盐水组比Ｐ〈０．０１，可降低正常小鼠血清溶血清水平，其作用与地塞米松组相当，与生理盐水组比Ｐ〈０．０５，实验发现河狸香水溶部分能降低小鼠外周Ｔ淋巴细胞功能，使血酸性非特异性脂酶活性减弱，其作用与生理盐水组比Ｐ〈０．０１；另外河狸２香水溶部分能明显抑制小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能。这些均显示河狸香水溶部分有很强     

复方内鲁帕尔汤剂免疫抗炎及解热作用的实验研究

目的：观察复方内鲁帕尔汤剂（CWPN）对免疫功能、发热、炎症的影响。方法：测定血清溶血素生成，MTT法测T、B淋巴细胞的增殖，^3H-TdR法测定小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能，用伤寒菌苗造成家兔体温上升研究降温作用，用小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性法研究对炎症的影响。结果：CWPN（4．0，8．0g／kg）能够明显增强小鼠血清溶血素生成（P〈0．05），CWPN（0．01—10mg／L）能够促进小鼠体外B淋巴细胞增殖，对T淋巴细胞无明显影响，能够增强小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞体外吞噬功能，能降低伤寒菌苗引起的家兔体温上升，CWPN（4．0，8．0g／kg）能够抑制小鼠腹腔毛细血管炎性渗出。结论：CWPN能够增强体液免疫和非特异性免疫功能，有较好的抗炎、解热功效。     

天灸对小鼠造血功能的影响及其机理的探讨

本实验通过环磷酰胺（ＣＴＸ）小鼠模型,观察了天灸对化疗小鼠的造血功能和腹腔巨噬细胞分泌粒细胞－巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（ ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ）能力的影响。结果发现, ＣＴＸ化疗可致小鼠出现明显的骨髓抑制,骨髓有核细胞计数和外周血ＷＢＣ数显著减少,脾指数减少,且其腹腔巨噬细胞诱生 ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ的能力降低。天灸或麦粒灸“大椎”、“肾俞”、“足三里”穴,不但可以不同程度地减轻骨髓抑制,促进骨髓增生活跃,提高骨髓有核细胞计数,提前回升外周血ＷＢＣ数,缩短化疗所致ＷＢＣ的持续低值期,其中尤以天灸Ⅱ、Ⅳ组的效果为佳,而且还可增强化疗小鼠巨噬细胞诱生ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ的能力。此外还从神经一内分泌一免疫途径探讨了其作用机理。     

Immunomodulatory and antitumor activity of triterpenoid fractions from the rhizomes of Astilbe chinensis

Aim of the study

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the in vivo antitumor potential of the triterpenoid fraction from the rhizomes of Astilbe chinensis (Saxifragaceae) (Saxifragaceae) (ATF) and to elucidate its immunological mechanisms by determining its effects on the growth of mouse transplanted tumors and the immune response in naïve and tumor-bearing mice.

Materials and methods

The mice inoculated with mouse tumor cell lines were treated per os with ATF at the doses of 20, 40, 60 mg/kg for 10 days. The effects of ATF on the growth of transplantable tumor, splenocyte proliferation, the activity of natural killer (NK) cells, and production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) from splenocytes in tumor-bearing mice were measured. Meanwhile, the effects of ATF on 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction and the sheep red blood cell (SRBC)-induced antibody response in naïve mice were also studied.

Results

ATF could not only significantly inhibit the growth of mice transplantable tumor, but also remarkably increase splenocytes proliferation, NK cells activity, and the level of IL-2 secreted by splenocytes in tumor-bearing mice, promote the DTH reaction and enhance anti-SRBC antibody level in naïve mice, which indicated that the ATF could improve both specific and non-specific cellular and humoral immune response.

Conclusions

The antitumor activity of ATF might be achieved by improving immune response, and ATF could act as antitumor agent with immunomodulatory activity.     

桦树皮抗肿瘤作用及对免疫功能的影响

目的：探讨桦树此抗肿瘤作用及其作用机制。方法：应用桦树皮提取物（ＥＢＢ）口服观察其对小鼠不同肿瘤的抑制作用。免疫功能检测的方法为胸腺（脾）指数的测定及脾细胞对ＣｏｎＡ刺激的反应性和ＮＫ细胞活性的测定。结果：ＥＢＢ抑制小鼠Ｓ１８０瘤、Ｂ１６黑色素瘤和Ｌｅｗｉｓ肺癌的生长;并能延长Ｓ１８０和ＥＡＳ腹水癌小鼠生存期;ＥＢＢ还可使荷瘤小鼠胸腺（脾）指数增大及增强荷瘤鼠脾细胞对ＣｏｎＡ刺激的反应性和ＮＫ细胞     

养阴益气凉血合剂及方中各组中药对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的调节作用

目的：观察养阴益气凉血合剂及方中各组药物对外源性糖皮质激素免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的调节作用。方法：将合剂拆方分为养阴组（玄参、天花粉、黄精）、益气组（黄芪、人参）和凉血组（紫草）。用外源性糖皮质激素肌肉注射造成CRI小鼠免疫抑制后，灌服养阴药、益气药、凉血药和全方的水煎液，每组药物水煎液给药浓度均为5g生药／kg体重。测定小鼠淋巴细胞增殖功能、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬活力和自然杀伤细胞（NK细胞）活性。结果：与模型组比较，全方组、益气组、养阴组和凉组对免疫抑制小鼠的T、B淋巴细胞增殖功能均有明显提高作用（P〈0．01）；除凉血廊组外，其余各组对免疫抑制小鼠的NK细胞杀伤活性及巨噬细胞吞噬活力均有显著提高（P〈0．01）；各组对免疫抑制小鼠的脾指数亦有提高作用，但差异无显著性意义。结论：养阴益气凉血合剂及拆方后的益气药、养阴药对免疫抑制小鼠的特异性和非特异性免疫功能都有不同程度的提高作用。其中对益气组的作用在某些方面接近全方组，其次为养阴药组。     

雷公藤、防己醇提物对淋巴细胞和环氧化酶的影响

目的:探讨雷公藤、防己醇提取物对淋巴细胞和环氧化酶的影响.方法:测定两种药物的醇提物引起小鼠胸腺淋巴细胞和脾脏淋巴细胞增殖的变化,新生小公牛颈动脉内皮细胞的6-keto-PGF1α和小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的PGE2含量.结果:雷公藤和防己醇提物对小鼠胸腺淋巴细胞和脾脏淋巴细胞的增殖有抑制作用.雷公藤醇提物对环氧化酶-1(COX-1)和环氧化酶-2(COX-2)有不同程度的抑制作用.防己醇提物对COX-1有抑制作用,而对COX-2无抑制作用.结论:两种药物的祛风湿的部分机理可能是由于抑制淋巴细胞增殖和环氧化酶而介导的.     

云芝多糖对小鼠免疫功能的影响

 云芝多糖２５０或５００ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１可显著提高正常小鼠经植物血球凝集素（ＰＨＡ）刺激的淋巴细胞转化率，血清抗绵羊红细胞（ＳＲＢＣ）血凝抗体效价，脾细胞产生溶血抗体能力，自然杀伤（ＮＫ）细胞及巨噬（Ｍ）细胞抗瘤活性。环磷酰胺（Ｃｙ）造成免疫抑制状态下，云芝多糖５００ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１可使淋巴细胞转化率、血清血凝抗体效价及脾细胞产生溶血素能力提高至接近正常水平。这些结果表明，云芝多糖对小鼠免疫功能有明显的增强作用。     

四大怀药延缓衰老作用的研究

本实验观察了怀牛膝、怀菊花、怀山药、怀地黄各单味药及四药合剂对小鼠血中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和过氧化脂质(LPO)的影响。结果表明,"四大怀药"合剂可明显增强鼠血中 SOD 的活性和 GSH-PX 的活力,使 LPO 显著降低。各单味药亦可增强 GSH-Px 的活性,使 LPO 降低。上述结果说明,四大怀药可能具有延缓衰老的作用。     

Cytotoxic and antitumor activities of a polypore macrofungus,Phellinus rimosus (Berk) Pilat

Cytotoxic and antitumor activities of ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous extracts of a wood inhabiting polypore macrofungus, Phellinus rimosus (Berk) Pilat. were studied. Ethyl acetate and methanol extracts showed in vitro cytotoxic activity against Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA) and Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell lines. The aqueous extract did not exhibit cytotoxicity against the tested cell lines. All the three extracts were highly effective in inhibiting growth of solid tumor induced by DLA cell line in mice. However, the antitumor activity of ethyl acetate extract was higher than that of methanol and aqueous extracts. The ethyl acetate extract was also effective in preventing the EAC induced ascites tumor development in mice. The antitumor activity of all the three extracts against solid tumor at a dose of 50 mg/kg (p.o.) was comparable to the clinically used standard reference drug, cisplatin (4 mg/kg, i.p.). Pre-treatment of the extracts was also effective in inhibiting the tumor growth induced by DLA cell lines. The experimental results revealed that ethyl acetate extract of P. rimosus possessed significant antitumor activity. The findings thus suggest the potential use of this mushroom as antitumor agent.     

桦褐孔菌石油醚提取物的抗肿瘤作用研究

目的探讨桦褐孔菌石油醚提取物(Inonotus Obliquus Petroleum ether Extracts,IOPE)抗肿瘤作用。方法体外实验采用MTT法测定了IOPE对Hela肿瘤细胞的抑制率。体内实验,将接种S180肿瘤细胞后的小鼠随机分为5组,每组10只,给予IOPE 10d,停药后24 h处死动物,称体重,摘出肿瘤,测定肿瘤抑制率、脾指数、胸腺指数、淋巴细胞转化率、NK细胞活性。结果在体外,IOPE对Hela肿瘤细胞具有毒性作用;体内实验表明中大剂量IOPE对荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长具有抑制作用,可增加脾指数及胸腺指数,对体外淋巴细胞转化功能和NK细胞活性亦有增强作用。结论桦褐孔菌石油醚提取物具有明显的抗肿瘤活性。     

Antitumor and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides from the roots of Actinidia eriantha

Aim of the study

The roots of Actinidia eriantha Benth (Actinidiaceae) have been used for cancers in the Chinese folk medicine. The present study aimed at evaluating the antitumor potentials of the polysaccharides from the roots of Actinidia eriantha and elucidating their immunological mechanisms by determining the effects on the growth of tumor transplanted in mice and the immune response in tumor-bearing mice.

Materials and methods

The total polysaccharide AEP and fours purified polysaccharides AEPA, AEPB, AEPC and AEPD were isolated and purified from the roots of Actinidia eriantha by hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation, dialysis and gel filtration. Their effects on the growth of mouse transplantable tumor, splenocyte proliferation, the activity of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), production of cytokines from splenocytes, and serum antigen-specific antibody levels in tumor-bearing mice were measured.

Results

AEP and four purified polysaccharides could not only significantly inhibit the growth of mouse transplantable tumor, but also remarkably promote splenocytes proliferation, NK cell and CTL activity, IL-2 and IFN-γ production from splenocytes, and serum antigen-specific antibody levels in tumor-bearing mice.

Conclusions

The antitumor activity of AEP and four purified polysaccharides might be achieved by improving immune response, and the composition of the monosaccharides, uronic acid contents and molecular weight could affect their antitumor and immunomodulatory activity.