海员培训学员心理健康状况与应对方式、心理资本的关系

目的:了解海员培训学员的心理健康水平、应对方式和心理资本,及心理健康与应对方式、心理资本的关系。方法:使用一般情况调查表、90项症状清单(SCL-90)、简易应对方式量表、心理资本量表,取得海员培训学员的目前心理健康状况、应对方式和心理资本资料。运用SPSS 18.0软件进行统计分析。结果:①海员培训学员SCL-90总分的阳性检出率为9.31%。学员的心理状况在年龄、性别、学历上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而偏执因子在婚姻状态方面差异有统计学意义(F=4.815,P<0.01),离异或丧偶学员较已婚学员在偏执因子上得分高,已婚学员较未婚学员在偏执因子上得分高。②未婚学员倾向于选择积极应对方式,已婚和离异或丧偶学员倾向于选择消极应对方式。③海员培训学员的消极应对方式与SCL-90总分和躯体化因子存在正相关;积极应对方式、心理资本与SCL-90总分呈负相关。消极应对方式对SCL-90总分有正向预测作用;积极应对方式和心理资本对SCL-90总分有负向预测作用。结论:海员培训学员的婚姻状态、心理资本、应对方式是影响其心理健康的重要因素,可采取相应措施进行干预。     

Correlation between mental health and coping style in gynecological cancer patients

目的 调查妇科癌症患者创伤后应激障碍发生率、心理健康水平与心理弹性的关系.方法 采用创伤后应激障碍症状清单-平民版(PTSD checklist-civilian version,PCL-C)、心理弹性量表(connor-davidson resilience scale,CD- RISC)、症状自评量表(symptom checklist 90,SCL-90)、艾森克人格问卷(Eysenck personality questionnaire,EPQ)、应对方式问卷对181例三甲医院的妇科癌症患者进行问卷调查.结果 ①妇科癌症患者的PTSD总分为(30.75±11.28)分,PTSD总分≥38分者41例(22.65％),总分≥45分者20例(11.05％),总分≥50分者11例(6.08％).②PTSD阳性组在心理弹性的总分上显著低于PTSD阴性组(P＜0.05).③妇科癌症患者SCL-90阳性组在心理弹性总分上显著低于SCL-90阴性组(P＜0.01).在人格(EPQ)的神经质得分显著高于阴性组(P＜0.01),在应对方式的自责、退避、合理化因子得分上显著高于阴性组(P＜0.05).④PTSD总分与SCL-90总分、自责、退避应对方式3个因素成正相关,与心理弹性(CD)总分、解决问题、求助、合理化应对方式4个因素成负相关.SCL-90总分与PTSD总分、自责、幻想、退避应对方式4个因素成正相关,与CD总分、外向性、合理化应对方式3个因素成负相关.结论 妇科癌症患者创伤后应激障碍发生率较高,低心理弹性、低心理健康水平、消极的应对方式是创伤后应激障碍的重要预测因素.     

临床医学研究生生活事件、应对方式与心理健康关系的研究

目的 探讨临床医学研究生的生活事件、应对方式与心理健康的关系,为加强临床医学研究生心理健康教育提供科学依据.方法 采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ),对200名临床医学研究生进行问卷调查.结果 临床医学研究生的生活事件、消极应对方式与其心理健康水平呈正相关(P＜0.05);而积极应对方式与其心理健康水平呈负相关(P＜0.05).线性回归分析显示,生活事件总分、积极应对方式、消极应对方式进入了SCL-90总分的线性回归方程,表明3个变量对心理症状均有显著的预测作用(P＜0.05).结论 临床医学研究生的生活事件、应对方式与心理健康水平密切相关.应加强对临床医学研究生应对方式的训练,以减少生活事件的影响程度,维护心理健康.     

失独者的心理健康状况及其影响因素

目的:研究失独者的心理健康状况及其影响因素。方法:采用一般情况调查表、90项症状清单(SCL-90)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)和一般自我效能感量表(GSES)对186名失独者(研究组)和200名非失独者(对照组)进行问卷调查。结果:研究组的SCL-90总分及各因子分、消极应对分高于对照组,积极应对、自我效能、社会支持总分、主观支持、利用度低于对照组,两组间的差异均有显著统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。失独者的SCL-90总分与消极应对呈正相关,与婚姻及居住状态、宗教信仰、再生育意愿、积极应对、主观支持、客观支持、利用度、社会支持总分、自我效能呈负相关(P<0.05或P<0.01);积极应对、婚姻居住情况、宗教对心理健康有正向预测作用,消极应对对心理健康有负向预测作用。结论:失独者的心理健康水平低于普通人群;失独者的心理健康水平与其当前婚姻状态、宗教信仰、再生育可能、应对方式、社会支持及自我效能等存在一定的关系;应对方式对失独者的心理健康有一定的预测作用。     

亲职压力对心理健康的影响：应对方式和家庭功能的中介和调节作用

目的：研究亲职压力、家庭功能与应对方式对中学生父母心理健康的影响。方法以亲职压力量表、简易应对方式问卷、家庭功能量表和SCL-90对200名12岁初中学生家长进行调查研究。结果女性SCL-90总分显著高于男性;SCL-90总分与亲职压力、消极应对呈显著正相关（P＜0．01）,与积极应对呈显著负相关（P＜0．01）。积极应对与解决问题和情感介入呈显著正相关（P＜0．01）;消极应对与功能角色、情感反应、情感介入和行为控制呈显著负相关（P＜0．05）。应对方式对心理健康有显著预测作用（P＜0．001;P＜0．005）。积极与消极应对在亲职压力和心理健康中起部分中介作用（P＜0．001;P＜0．005）。结论应对方式部分中介亲职压力对心理健康的影响。家庭功能中,解决问题和情感介入正向影响积极应对的作用,角色、情感反应、情感介入和行为控制负向影响消极应对的作用。     

154名护理部主任心理健康水平与应对方式的相关性研究

目的 了解护理部主任的心理健康和应对方式状况及其相关性.方法 对湖南省84家医院的154名护理部主任选用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、简易应对方式量表进行调查及分析.结果 ①19.5%的护理部主任存在心理健康问题,护理部主任SCL-90总分为(131.12±39.32)分,与常模进行比较,人际关系敏感和敌对分低于常模(P值分别为0.04,0.02),精神病性分高于常模(P=0.04);②护理部主任积极的应对方式的平均分为(2.04±0.45)分,消极的应对方式的平均分为(0.25±0.06)分,显示积极应对高于常模(P=0.00),消极应对低于常模(P=0.00);③积极应对与敌对呈负相关;消极应对与SCL-90呈显著正相关.结论 护理部主任存在心理问题,消极应对有害于心理健康.     

女性民工心理健康状况及影响因素

目的:了解女性民工心理健康状况,并探讨影响心理健康的相关因素.方法:采用SCL-90、PSSS、TCSQ、SAQ、GSES对197名女性民工进行测试.结果:女性民工SCL-90各因子分值高于中国常模.社会支持、积极应对分值与SCL-90总分呈正相关;消极应对、自我接纳分值与SCL-90总分呈负相关.结论:女性民工心理健康水平低于普通人群,其心理健康状态与社会支持、应对方式、自我接纳存在相关性.     

妇科癌症患者心理健康和应对方式的相关研究

目的调查妇科癌症患者创伤后应激障碍发生率、心理健康水平与心理弹性的关系。方法采用创伤后应激障碍症状清单-平民版(PTSD checklist-civilian version,PCL-C)、心理弹性量表(connor-davidson resilience scale,CD-RISC)、症状自评量表(symptom checklist 90,SCL-90)、艾森克人格问卷(Eysenck personality questionnaire,EPQ)、应对方式问卷对181例三甲医院的妇科癌症患者进行问卷调查。结果①妇科癌症患者的PTSD总分为(30.75±11.28)分,PTSD总分≥38分者41例(22.65%),总分≥45分者20例(11.05%),总分≥50分者11例(6.08%)。②PTSD阳性组在心理弹性的总分上显著低于PTSD阴性组(P<0.05)。③妇科癌症患者SCL-90阳性组在心理弹性总分上显著低于SCL-90阴性组(P<0.01)。在人格(EPQ)的神经质得分显著高于阴性组(P<0.01),在应对方式的自责、退避、合理化因子得分上显著高于阴性组(P<0.05)。④PTSD总分与SCL-90总分、自责、退避应对方式3个因素成正相关,与心理弹性(CD)总分、解决问题、求助、合理化应对方式4个因素成负相关。SCL-90总分与PTSD总分、自责、幻想、退避应对方式4个因素成正相关,与CD总分、外向性、合理化应对方式3个因素成负相关。结论妇科癌症患者创伤后应激障碍发生率较高,低心理弹性、低心理健康水平、消极的应对方式是创伤后应激障碍的重要预测因素。     

创伤住院患者心理健康状况及应对方式的调查研究

目的 了解创伤住院患者的心理健康状况和应对方式.方法 应用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)对重庆市3所医院创伤病房的191例创伤住院患者进行调查.结果 创伤住院患者SCL-90除人际关系外,其余各因子分和总均分都高于正常人,经比较,除人际关系和敌对性外,其余各因子分和总均分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与患者性别、年龄、病种(受伤部位)、ISS评分(损伤严重度评分)关系不大.但躯体化因子分在住院早期与后期差异有统计学意义(P<0.05). 创伤患者积极应对、消极应对水平均比常模低;SCL-90总均分及各因子分与积极应对方式呈负相关;与消极应对方式呈正相关.结论 创伤住院患者心理状况较差,存在较多的心理健康问题,护理过程中要加以关注,引导患者多采用积极的应对方式.     

高职院校学生心理健康状况调查及应对方式分析

目的:了解专科院校大学生的心理健康状况、心理问题的主要类型以及应对方式对心理健康的影响。方法:采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)及特质应对问卷对两所专科院校3 867名不同专业大学生进行调查。结果:本次调查对象SCL-90的总均分及人际敏感、抑郁、敌对、恐怖、精神病性等因子分高于全国青年常模,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);SCL-90的总均分及其因子分与积极应对方式呈负相关(P<0.01),与消极应对方式呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论:专科院校大学生心理健康状况不容乐观;积极应对方式有利于保持心理健康,而消极应对方式则对心理健康造成不良影响,学校应采取有针对性的心理健康教育措施,以提高学生心理健康水平。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.