山药多糖对实验性糖尿病小鼠的治疗及预防作用

目的:研究山药多糖对实验性糖尿病小鼠的预防及治疗作用.方法:建立实验性糖尿病小鼠模型,观察山药对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠血糖的影响,观察预防给药对四氧嘧啶引起的小鼠血糖升高的影响.结果:治疗作用研究表明各剂量组与模型组比较,在降低糖尿病小鼠血糖、控制体重减轻、提高糖耐受量方面有显著性差异,与阳性药物对照组比较无统计学意义.预防作用研究表明各剂量组与空白对照组比较,在预防血糖升高、控制体重减轻方面有显著性差异.结论:山药多糖可显著降低四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠的血糖,且预防给药能对抗四氧嘧啶引起的小鼠血糖升高.     

糖尿康颗粒对糖尿病模型大小鼠血糖的影响

目的:探讨糖尿康颗粒的药效学。方法:通过四氧嘧啶性糖尿病小鼠模型、正常大鼠和四氧嘧啶性糖尿病大鼠模型,观察糖尿康颗粒对四氧嘧啶性糖尿病小鼠血糖及正常大鼠和四氧嘧啶性糖尿病大鼠糖耐量的影响。结果:糖尿康颗粒17.6g总药材/g对四氧嘧啶性糖尿病模型小鼠血糖有明显的降低作用;糖尿康颗粒17.6g总药材/kg对正常大鼠给糖后30’、60’糖耐量有明显的提高作用;糖尿康颗粒8.80g总药材/kg对正常大鼠给糖后30’、60’、120’糖耐量有明显的提高作用;糖尿康颗粒17.6,8.80g总药材/kg均对四氧嘧啶性糖尿病模型大鼠给糖后60’、120’糖耐量有明显的提高作用。结论:糖尿康颗粒对四氧嘧啶性糖尿病小鼠血糖有明显的降低作用。对正常大鼠和四氧嘧啶性糖尿病大鼠糖耐量有明显的提高作用。     

复方葛根胶囊对实验性糖尿病、高脂血症模型血糖和血脂作用的实验研究

目的:研究由中药葛根提取物葛根素和酵母生物提取物葡萄糖耐量因子组成的复方葛根胶囊对实验性糖尿病小鼠和高脂血症大鼠的降糖、降脂作用。方法:采用四氧嘧啶复制糖尿病小鼠模型和高脂饲料复制高血脂大鼠模型,分别观察复方葛根胶囊对其空腹血糖、糖耐量和高脂血症大鼠血脂水平的影响。结果:复方葛根胶囊能显著降低四氧嘧啶所致的小鼠高血糖水平和改善四氧嘧啶性糖尿病小鼠的糖耐量,同时该药有显著降低TG、TC,提高HDL-C、HDL/TC的作用。结论:复方葛根胶囊有明显的降糖和降脂作用,可为临床应用和开发研究提供药理学依据。     

两地汤降糖降脂作用实验研究

目的:观察两地汤对实验动物血糖血脂的影响.方法:采用四氧嘧啶所致的糖尿病小鼠模型,用链脲佐霉素(STZ)并给予高热量饮食的方法复制Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠模型,以两地汤、格列吡嗪分别给予治疗,而后称其体重,测量血清甘油三酯、胆固醇、血清胰岛素含量及进行葡萄糖耐量试验.结果:两地汤明显降低糖尿病小鼠的血糖,减轻2型糖尿病大鼠的体重,阻止肥胖的发生.同时也能降低外周血清胰岛素水平,改善胰岛素抵抗这一2型糖尿病普遍存在的显著特征.结论:两地汤具有明显的降糖降脂作用.     

匙羹藤复方冲剂降糖降脂作用研究

试验采用四氧嘧啶所致实验性糖尿病小鼠模型和饲喂性高脂血症大鼠模型，通过血糖、血清总胆固醇、甘油三脂的测定，观察匙羹藤复方冲剂的降血糖和降血脂作用。结果显示：该冲剂具有明显降低实验性糖尿病小鼠高血糖作用和饲喂性高脂血症大鼠的总胆固醇和甘油三酯作用。     

中医不同治法对四氧嘧啶糖尿病模型大鼠的降糖作用

目的:观察以滋阴清热为主的玉女煎、以养阴为主的左归丸和以滋阴温阳为主的肾气丸对实验性糖尿病大鼠模型的降糖作用,比较滋阴清热、养阴、滋阴温阳3种不同治法对于四氧嘧啶糖尿病模型大鼠的治疗作用。方法:采用四氧嘧啶制作糖尿病大鼠模型,造模成功的大鼠随机分为模型组和3组中药复方治疗组,治疗组动物分别给予玉女煎、左归丸和肾气丸三方水煎液灌胃治疗10d,葡萄糖氧化酶法测定动物空腹血糖,并行葡萄糖耐量实验检测各组实验动物对葡萄糖刺激的反应。结果:四氧嘧啶模型大鼠血糖水平较正常对照组明显升高(P0.05);玉女煎、左归丸和肾气丸治疗后糖尿病大鼠血糖水平较模型组动物明显降低(P0.05),玉女煎治疗组大鼠血糖水平较治疗前明显降低(P0.05);葡萄糖耐量实验显示模型组及3组中药复方治疗组大鼠对葡萄糖刺激的反应较正常大鼠明显减弱,模型组与用药组之间差异无统计学意义。结论:玉女煎、左归丸和肾气丸对于四氧嘧啶导致的糖尿病大鼠均表现出明显的降糖效果,玉女煎降糖效果最佳。葡萄糖耐量实验显示降糖复方对于四氧嘧啶引起的糖代谢异常无改善作用。     

广东匙羹藤总皂苷降血糖作用的实验研究

目的:观察广东匙羹藤总皂苷(GITS)对糖尿病小鼠动物模型的降血糖作用。方法:用四氧嘧啶制造糖尿病小鼠模型,采用葡萄糖酶法测定血糖。结果:GITS可显著降低四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病小鼠的血糖,但对正常小鼠血糖无明显影响。结论:GITS对四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病模型小鼠有降血糖作用。     

牛蒡子对实验性糖尿病小鼠治疗作用的研究

目的观察牛蒡子对实验性糖尿病小鼠的治疗作用。方法给动物灌胃给药,用四氧嘧啶制备实验性糖尿病小鼠模型;应用免疫组织化学方法观察胰岛B细胞形态学改变,比色分析法检测血糖、胆固醇及甘油三酯的含量。结果牛蒡子对四氧嘧啶性糖尿病小鼠的胰岛B细胞有明显的修复作用,并可以降低血糖、胆固醇及甘油三酯的含量。结论牛蒡子对实验性糖尿病小鼠具有治疗作用。     

狗胆对实验性糖尿病小鼠治疗作用的研究

目的：观察狗胆对实验性糖尿病小鼠的治疗作用。方法：给动物灌胃给药，用四氧嘧啶制备实验性糖尿病鼠模型；应用免疫组织化学方法观察胰岛B细胞形态学改变，比色分析法检测血糖、胆固醇及甘油三酯的含量。结果：狗胆对四氧嘧啶性糖尿病小鼠的胰岛B细胞有明显的修复作用，并可以降低血糖、胆固醇及甘油三酯的含量。结论：狗胆时实验性糖尿病小鼠具有治疗作用。     

大黄oe虫丸对四氧嘧啶型糖尿病小鼠降血糖作用研究

目的:研究大黄虫丸对四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病小鼠的降血糖作用。方法:腹腔注射四氧嘧啶90 mg.kg-1建立小鼠糖尿病动物模型,检测大黄虫丸对实验动物血糖、糖化血红蛋白及血脂的含量。造模前后称体重,解剖分离心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胸腺各脏器称重,计算脏器系数。结果:四氧嘧啶(90 mg.kg-1)ip小鼠,随着糖尿病模型的形成,小鼠的血糖升高,糖化血红蛋白的含量升高,体重下降及脾脏、胸腺重量减轻。大黄虫丸ig能降低四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠的血糖、糖化血红蛋白的水平,能升高高密度脂蛋白,能改善四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠的体重下降,增加脾脏及胸腺免疫器官重量。结论:大黄虫丸对糖尿病小鼠具有降血糖作用。     

Antidiabetic effect of alcoholic extract of Caralluma sinaica L. on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rabbits

People of Asir region of Saudi Arabia chew Caralluma sinaica (CS) to lower glucose level. To establish its utility in diabetes mellitus we have under taken this study. The effect of CS on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic model as well as effect on oral glucose tolerance test were studied. The extract was shown to have positive test for possessing following chemical constituents like phenolic alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, coumarins, steroids and tannins. Administration of CS in different doses (50, 100, 150 and 200mg/kg, p.o.) to normal animals caused significant (P<0.01) decrease in glucose level. Prior administration of either CS (100mg/kg, p.o.) or glibenclamide (GB) (5mg/kg, p.o.) blocked the rise of glucose caused by the streptozotocin. Antidiabetic activity of CS was compared with clinically available drug GB. Administration of CS (100mg/kg, p.o.) to diabetic rabbits for 30 days has been shown to decrease plasma glucose level to almost normal level (P<0.001). Liver and kidney weight expressed as percentage of body weight significantly (P<0.05; P<0.01) increased in diabetic rabbits versus normal control (CNT). CS significantly (P<0.05) reversed the increasing weight of liver caused by STZ but not GB. STZ induced lowering of glycogen content of liver and muscle was reversed by both CS and GB. STZ induced a significant (P<0.001) increase in renal glycogen content this was almost normalized by CS (P<0.001) whereas GB significantly decreased (P<0.002) glycogen content. In oral glucose tolerance test administration of glucose increased plasma glucose level significantly in the diabetic control over the 2-h period. Compared to diabetic control plasma glucose levels in rabbits given CS or GB were significantly lower at all the time points that blood was sampled after oral glucose load. Comparing with the GB treatment blood glucose lowering effect was more pronounced for diabetic rabbits given CS. All these effects could explain the basis for use of this plant extract to manage diabetes mellitus.     

桃胶多糖降糖机制研究

目的:研究桃胶多糖降低糖尿病大鼠血糖的可能机制。方法:采用水提、梯度醇沉的方法提取3种桃胶多糖,小剂量四氧嘧啶+高糖饲料复制糖尿病模型,桃胶多糖按4 g(/kg.d)晚上灌胃,阿卡波糖作为对照2周后,测定空腹血糖、胰岛素(Ins)、C肽、餐后2 h血糖;分别予淀粉、蔗糖、麦芽糖混合桃胶多糖灌胃后测定0、10、30、60、90、120 min血糖水平。结果:桃胶多糖不能被消化酶分解;与模型组相比,3种桃胶多糖均能降低糖尿病大鼠空腹及餐后血糖水平(P<0.05),Ins及C肽差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);3种分子量桃胶多糖降糖效果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与对照组相比桃胶多糖能延缓餐后血糖升高水平。结论:桃胶多糖降糖机制可能与抑制消化酶活性,延缓葡萄糖吸收相关。     

太子参多糖对实验性糖尿病大鼠血糖及胰岛素的影响

目的:研究太子参多糖对实验性糖尿病大鼠血糖及胰岛素的影响。方法:采用链脲菌素诱导实验性糖尿病大鼠模型,检测糖耐量、空腹血糖及胰岛素阐述太子参多糖降血糖的作用及机制。结果:太子参多糖对实验性糖尿病大鼠能明显改善糖耐量,降低空腹血糖及提高胰岛素水平。结论:太子参多糖具有一定的降血糖作用。     

Potent Effects of the Total Saponins from Dioscorea nipponica Makino Against Streptozotocin‐Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rats

The aim of the present paper was to investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of the total saponins from Dioscorea nipponica Makino (TSDN) against type 2 diabetes mellitus. Streptozotocin (STZ) with high‐fat diet induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats were treated with TSDN. Some biochemical parameters, target proteins and genes were investigated. The results showed that TSDN decreased the levels of food/water intake, fasting blood glucose and serum lipid parameters, ameliorated oral glucose and insulin tolerance test levels, markedly increased body weight and serum insulin, reduced excess free radicals and affected ossification and renal protection. Histopathological examination indicated that TSDN increased liver glycogen, decreased the production of lipid vacuoles and lightened liver damage. Further investigation showed that TSDN down‐regulated the protein expressions of NF‐κB, GRP78, ATF6, eIF2 and the levels of MAPK phosphorylation and up‐regulated the protein expressions of IRS‐1, GLUT‐4, p‐Akt and p‐AMPK. In addition, TSDN obviously decreased the gene expressions of TNF‐a, IL‐6, PEPCK, G6Pase, GSK‐3β and GSK‐3β activity, and increased the gene expressions of PFK, PK and GK activity. These findings show the anti‐diabetic activity of total saponins from D. nipponica Makino, which should be developed as a new potent drug for treatment of diabetes mellitus in future. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

羊栖菜提取物的降血糖作用研究

目的研究羊栖菜提取物对正常及四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病小鼠血糖的影响。方法用四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠为模型,以血糖、糖耐量为指标研究羊栖菜提取物的降血糖作用。结果羊栖菜提取物对正常小鼠无降血糖作用;预防性给予羊栖菜粗多糖(350,700 mg.kg-1)后,四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠血糖显著降低;羊栖菜粗多糖和醇提物(700 mg.kg-1)有治疗作用,能明显降低糖尿病小鼠血糖水平;对正常小鼠和糖尿病小鼠糖耐量无明显改善。结论羊栖菜提取物对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠具有防治作用。     

Effect of Sclerocarya birrea (Anacardiaceae) stem bark methylene chloride/methanol extract on streptozotocin-diabetic rats

Sclerocarya birrea (Anacardiaceae) is used as a traditional treatment of diabetes in Cameroon. In this study, we investigated the possible antidiabetic effect of the stem bark extract in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 55 mg/kg) to male Wistar rats. Experimental animals (six per group), were treated by oral administration of plant extract (150 and 300 mg/kg body weight) and metformin (500 mg/kg; reference drug) for comparison, during 21 days. The stem bark methanol/methylene chloride extract of Sclerocarya birrea exhibited at termination, a significant reduction in blood glucose and increased plasma insulin levels in diabetic rats. The extract also prevented body weight loss in diabetic rats. The effective dose of the plant extract (300 mg/kg) tended to reduce plasma cholesterol, triglyceride and urea levels toward the normal levels. Four days after diabetes induction, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was also performed in experimental diabetic rats. The results showed a significant improvement in glucose tolerance in rats treated with Sclerocarya birrea extract. Metformin, a known antidiabetic drug (500 mg/kg), significantly decreased the integrated area under the glucose curve. These data indicate that Sclerocarya birrea treatment may improve glucose homeostasis in STZ-induced diabetes which could be associated with stimulation of insulin secretion.     

石斛合剂对2型糖尿病模型大鼠的降糖作用及其对胰岛细胞凋亡的影响

目的:研究石斛合剂对实验性2型糖尿病模型大鼠的降糖作用和胰岛细胞凋亡影响。方法:大鼠高脂高糖饲养1个月后腹腔注射低剂量STZ(30 mg/kg)诱导实验性2型糖尿病大鼠模型,继以石斛合剂(5、10、20 g/kg)灌胃治疗,测试其降糖活性作用,用组织病理学技术观察胰岛细胞的形态结构,用MTT法和Annexin V/PI法检测胰岛细胞凋亡。结果:石斛合剂具有显著的降低血糖、血脂和糖化血清蛋白作用,可显著改善STZ造模大鼠胰腺组织结构功能,使治疗组的凋亡胰岛细胞较模型组显著减少(P0.01)。结论:石斛合剂对实验性2型糖尿病模型大鼠具有的降糖作用以及保护和修复胰腺组织的结构和功能。     

斜生褐孔菌菌质对链脲佐菌素诱导的2型糖尿病大鼠的影响

目的 研究人工发酵的斜生褐孔菌菌质对链脲佐菌素(STZ)致2型糖尿病大鼠的影响,并与野生斜生褐孔菌菌核进行比较.方法 高糖、高脂饲料饲养SD大鼠6周,单次ip给予STZ 35 mg/kg制备2型糖尿病模型.将模型大鼠随机分成模型组、斜生褐孔菌菌质(菌质)1 g/kg组、野生斜生褐孔菌菌核(菌核)1 g/kg组和盐酸二甲双胍(0.2 g/kg)阳性对照组.连续ig给药10周后,检测各组大鼠体质量以及空腹血糖、胰岛素、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、血清游离脂肪酸(FFA)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)等水平,并进行口服葡萄糖耐量实验(OGTT).结果 给药10周后,与模型组比较,菌质组和菌核组大鼠的体质量明显增加(P＜0.05),血糖明显降低(P＜0.05),血清FFA、TC、TG和MDA水平下降(P＜0.05),SOD、GSH-Px水平升高(P＜0.05);菌质组与菌核组的上述指标无显著差异.结论 斜生褐孔菌菌质能缓解STZ致2型糖尿病大鼠症状,具有降低血糖、调节血脂、改善氧化应激的作用,且作用强度与野生斜生褐孔菌菌核相当.     

黄芪多糖对糖尿病大鼠血管内皮细胞的影响

探讨黄芪多糖对糖尿病大鼠血管内皮细胞损伤的治疗作用及其机理。 3 0只SD大鼠随机分成正常对照组、四氧嘧啶糖尿病组与糖尿病黄芪多糖 (APS)治疗组 (黄芪多糖 4 0 0mg/kg/d-1腹腔注射 ) ,5周后 ,处死动物取血测血糖浓度 ,血清胰岛素 ,超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) ,丙二醛 (MDA) ,内皮素 (ET) ,一氧化氮 (NO) ,并应用形态定量的方法比较各组的心肌病理检查结果。结果 ,腹腔注射四氧嘧啶 ( 2 0 0mg/kg)后的SD大鼠血糖浓度显著升高 ,血清NO ,MDA ,SOD ,ET及胰岛素水平明显改变。APS治疗 5周后 ,血糖浓度 ,MDA和ET较未治疗组显著下降 ;而NO ,胰岛素和SOD的含量显著升高。切片光镜下观察 ,糖尿病大鼠心肌毛细血管数量减少 ,基底膜增厚 ,微血管与心肌纤维的比率显著降低 ,这些改变都可被APS改善。黄芪多糖可降低糖尿病大鼠血糖水平 ,对早期糖尿病大鼠内皮细胞具有良好的保护作用 ,这可能与其减轻氧自由基的损伤 ,影响NO ,ET的产生以及促进胰岛B细胞损伤的恢复有关     

活血解毒方降血糖作用的实验研究

目的:观察活血解毒方对实验性糖尿病大鼠的降血糖作用。方法:对大鼠一次性腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(Streptozocin,STZ)30mg.kg-1建立糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)模型,将建模成功的大鼠随机分为6组,另设正常对照组,连续给药30d,在相应时间点测随机血糖、体重、做糖耐量试验。结果:灌服活血解毒方各剂量组的血糖明显低于模型组;活血解毒方减缓糖尿病大鼠体重下降,对糖耐量具有显著的改善作用。结论:活血解毒方的降血糖作用比较显著。