彩色多普勒对视网膜静脉阻塞血流动力学分析

目的 探讨视网膜静脉阻塞（ＲＶＯ）血流动力学改变。方法 经散瞳眼底检查及眼底荧光血管造影确诊为ＲＶＯ病例５２例,健康对照组５２例,使用Ａｃｕｓｏｎ １２８ＸＰ／ １０型彩色电脑声像仪,测定也视网膜中央动脉（ＣＲＡ）、中央静脉（ＣＲＶ）及眼动脉（ＯＡ）的收缩期最大血流速度（Ｖｍａｘ）、舒张期末最小血流速度（Ｖｍｉｎ）及阻力指数（ＲＩ）。结果 ＲＶＯ患者ＣＲＶ和Ｖｍａｘ及Ｖｍｉｎ均明显低于健眼（Ｐ〈０．     

彩色多普勒成像技术检测视网膜静脉阻塞眼血流动力学的变化

目的探讨视网膜静脉阻塞（ｒｅｔｉｎａｌｖｅｉｎｏｃｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ，ＲＶＯ）患者视网膜中央动脉（ｃｅｎｔｒａｌｒｅｔｉ－ｎａｌａｒｔｅｒｙ，ＣＲＡ）和视网膜中央静脉（ｃｅｎｔｒａｌｒｅｔｉｎａｌｖｅｉｎ，ＣＲＶ）血流动力学特征及其意义。方法使用ＡＴＬ－ＨＤＩ３０００彩色多普勒诊断仪，检测ＲＶＯ患者患眼４８只、对侧临床健康眼３９只及正常对照眼４０只的ＣＲＡ收缩期峰值血流速度（ｐｅａｋｓｙｓｔｏｌｉｃｖｅｌｏｃｉｔｙ，ＰＳＶ）、舒张末期血流速度（ｅｎｄ－ｄｉａｓｔｏｌｉｃｖｅｌｏｃｉｔｙ，ＥＤＶ）和血管搏动指数（ｐｕｌｓａｔｉｌｉｔｙｉｎｄｅｘ，ＰＩ），ＣＲＶ最大血流速度（ｍａｘｉｍｕｎｖｅｌｏｃｉｔｙ，Ｖｍａｘ）。结果ＲＶＯ患眼、对侧临床健康眼ＣＲＡ的ＰＳＶ和ＥＤＶ均显著低于正常对照眼，ＲＶＯ患眼ＰＩ显著高于正常对照眼；ＲＶＯ患眼ＣＲＡ的ＰＳＶ显著低于ＲＶＯ对侧临床健康眼，ＲＶＯ患眼ＰＩ显著高于ＲＶＯ对侧临床健康眼；ＲＶＯ患眼、对侧临床健康眼ＣＲＶ的Ｖｍａｘ均显著低于正常对照眼。结论ＲＶＯ患眼和对侧临床健康眼血流动力学异常。彩色多普勒成像技术可作为其早期诊断的重要手段     

定量检测相对性瞳孔传入缺陷在视网膜中央静脉阻塞分型诊断中的意义

目的 探讨相对性瞳孔传入缺陷（ＲＡＰＤ）在视网膜中央静脉阻塞（ＣＲＶＯ）分型诊断中的意义。方法 用中性滤光片定量检测ＲＡＰＤ,分析ＲＡＰＤ与视网膜缺血及视力受损程度的相关性。结果 ３３例单眼ＣＲＶＯ病人,其中１０例缺血型ＣＲＶＯ的ＲＡＰＤ均≥０．９ｌｏｇＵ;２３例非缺血型ＣＲＶＯ中２０例ＲＡＰＤ≤０．３ｌｏｇＵ,无１例大于０．９ｌｏｇＵ。ＲＡＰＤ与视网膜缺血及视力受损程度高度相关。结论 ＲＡＰＤ是早期单眼ＣＲＶＯ分型诊断的敏感指标,０．９ｌｏｇＵ可作为分型诊断的参考“界值”。     

视网膜电图在视网膜中央静脉阻塞分型中的应用价值

我们选择不同的刺激条件，对３２例早期视网膜中央静脉阻塞（ｃｅｎｔｒａｌｒｅｔｉｎａｌｖｅｉｎｏｃｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ，ＶＲＶＯ）患者进行视网膜电图（ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｒｅｔｉｎｏｇｒａｍ，ＥＲＧ）的检测。缺血型ＣＲＶＯｌ３例的ａ、ｂ波潜伏期延长，ｂ波振幅明显下降；非缺血型ＣＲＶＯ１９例的ａ、ｂ波潜伏期延长，ｂ波振幅表现为轻度降低、升高或正常。提示ｂ波振幅和ｂ／ａ值是区分缺血型与非缺血型ＣＲＶＯ的最敏感指标。我们还探讨了ＥＲＧ在早期ＣＲＶＯ分型中的应用价值。     

视网膜静脉阻塞患者血浆中血栓素B2和6—酮—前列腺素F1α含量变化

应用放射免疫方法测定了１６例视网膜中央静脉阻塞和１８例视网膜分支静脉阻塞患者及２１例正常对照者血浆中血栓素Ｂ２和６－酮－前列腺素Ｆ１α的含量。结果表明，ＣＲＶＯ组和ＢＲＶＯ组血浆中ＴｘＢ２／６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α比值均较对照组增大。ＣＲＶＯ组以ＴｘＢ２含量增高为主，提示ＣＲＶＯ的发生主要与血小板聚集活性增高、血液流变学和血流动力学改变有关，ＢＲＶＯ组则以６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α含量降低为主，提示     

视网膜中央静脉阻塞患者球后血流动力学变化的研究

视网膜中央静脉阻塞患者球后血流动力学变化的研究王大军臧企视网膜中央静脉阻塞（ｃｅｎｔｒａｌｒｅｔｉｎａｌｖｅｉｎｏｃｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ，ＣＲＶＯ）为常见致盲眼病。视网膜中央静脉（ｃｅｎｔｒａｌｒｅｔｉｎａｌｖｅｉｎ，ＣＲＶ）及视网膜中央动脉（ｃｅｎｔｒａ...     

相对性传入性瞳孔反应缺陷测定在视网膜中央静脉阻塞分型中的应用

相对性传入性瞳孔反应缺陷（ｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅａｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｐｕｐｉｌｌａｒｙｄｅｆｅｃｔ，ＲＡＰＤ）是视交叉前瞳孔对光反应传入纤维受损的共同特征。我们利用由两片光学偏振片组合而成的衰减器将ＲＡＰＤ检测定量化，对３２例单眼视网膜中央静脉阻塞（ｅｅｎｔｒａｌｒｅｔｉｎａｌｖｅｉｎｏｃｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ，ＣＲＶＯ）患者进行检测。结果表明：１３例缺血型ＣＲＶＯ的ＲＡＰＤ均＞０．７５对数单位，其中１０例（７７％）＞０．９对数单位；１９例非缺血型ＣＲＶＯ的ＲＡＰＤ均＜０．７５对数单位，其中１６例（８４％）＜０．６对数单位，表明ＲＡＰＤ是ＣＲＶＯ分型的敏感指标。     

视电生理对视网膜静脉阻塞分型的临床意义

本文观察了３２例视网膜静脉阻塞病人患眼（静脉郁滞性视网膜病变与缺血性视网膜病变）与对侧健眼的暗视ＥＲＧ及振荡电位。发现（１）ｂ波波幅及ｂ／ａ值患眼较对侧眼显著下降，且ｂ波峰时值明显延长。（２）ＯＰＳ各波幅患眼较对侧眼显著下降，Ｏ１，Ｏ２，Ｏ４峰时值明显延长。（３）ＨＲ型较ＶＳＲ型ｂ波波幅及ｂ／ａ波波幅比值显著下降。（４）ＨＲ型较ＶＳＲ型Ｏ１，Ｏ２波幅值显著下降。这些对判断ＲＶＯ分型有价值，对不能行     

视网膜中央静脉阻塞的分型：附29例报告

视网膜中央静脉阻塞的分型（附２９例报告）北京医科大学第一医院眼科陈斯同，陈家彝，吴静安视网膜中央静脉阻塞（Ｃｅｎｔｒａｌｒｅｔｉｎａｌｖｅｉｎｏｃｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ，ＣＲＶＯ）是临床上常见的眼底血管病，其临床表现、发展过程、治疗效果及预后常常差异较大，这...     

视电生理对视网膜静脉阻塞分型的临床意义

本文观察了３２例视网膜静脉阻塞病人患眼（静脉郁滞性视网膜病变与缺血性视网膜病变）与对侧健眼的暗视ＥＲＧ及振荡电位。发现①ｂ波波幅及ｂ／ａ值患眼较对侧眼显著下降，且ｂ波峰时值明显延长。②ＯＰＳ各波幅患眼较对侧眼显著下降，Ｏ１、Ｏ２、Ｏ４峰时值明显延长。③ＨＲ型较ＶＳＲ型ｂ波波幅及ｂ／ａ波波幅比值显著下降。④ＨＲ型较ＶＳＲ型Ｏ１、Ｏ２波幅值显著下降。这些对判断ＲＶＯ分型有价值，对不能行荧光造影者，以及早期治疗、预后判断有重要临床意义。     

彩色多普勒成像技术检测视网膜静脉阻塞眼血流动力学的变化

目的探讨视网膜静脉阻塞(retinal vein occlusion,RVO)患者视网膜中央动脉(central retinal artery,CRA)和视网膜中央静脉(central retinal vein,CRV)血流动力学特征及其意义。方法使用ATL-HDI3000彩色多普勒诊断仪，检测RVO患者患眼48只、对侧临床健康眼39只及正常对照眼40只的CRA收缩期峰值血流速度(peak systolic velocity,PSV)、舒张末期血流速度(end diastolic velocity,EDV)和血管搏动指数(pulsatility index,PI)，CRV最大血流速度(maximun velocity，Vmax)。结果RVO患眼、对侧临床健康眼CRA的PSV和EDV均显著低于正常对照眼，RVO患眼PI显著高于正常对照眼；RVO患眼CRA的PSV显著低于RVO对侧临床健康眼，RVO患眼PI显著高于RVO对侧临床健康眼；RVO患眼、对侧临床健康眼CRV的Vmax均显著低于正常对照眼。结论RVO患眼和对侧临床健康眼血流动力学异常。彩色多普勒成像技术可作为其早期诊断的重要手段。(中华眼底病杂志,1998,14:111-113)     

Arterial blood flow characteristics in central retinal vein occlusion and effects of panretinal photocoagulation treatment: an investigation by colour Doppler imaging

AIMS: To determine whether an increase in vascular resistance in the central retinal and ophthalmic arterial circulations contributes to the development of central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), or haemodynamic alterations in central retinal and ophthalmic arteries occur secondary to the vein occlusion as increased intravascular pressure is transferred through the capillary bed to the arterial side and the effect of panretinal photocoagulation treatment on these circulations in ischaemic cases. METHODS: The ophthalmic and central retinal arteries of the affected and non-affected eyes of 20 patients with non-ischaemic CRVO, 13 patients with ischaemic CRVO, and 22 control subjects were investigated by colour Doppler imaging. Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) treatment was applied to the eyes with ischaemic CRVO. Maximum and minimum blood flow velocities, and resistivity indexes were calculated in the affected and healthy eyes of patients and in the control eyes. RESULTS: Average blood flow velocity in the central retinal and ophthalmic arteries of patients with non-ischaemic CRVO did not differ from their fellow eyes, but a significantly lower average blood flow velocity was found in the ophthalmic and central retinal arteries of the patients with ischaemic CRVO compared with their fellow eyes. Patients with ischaemic CRVO had significantly lower blood flow velocities in their ophthalmic and central retinal arteries than non-ischaemic cases that were further reduced following PRP treatment. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that impaired arterial blood flow observed in patients with CRVO may be partly related to secondary changes in the retrobulbar arterial circulation as a result of enhanced arterial resistance following CRVO. These data also demonstrate that PRP treatment decreases retinal and ophthalmic blood flow velocities in patients with ischaemic CRVO.     

单眼视网膜静脉阻塞患者对侧眼黄斑区血流密度和中心凹无血管区面积观察

目的:观察单眼视网膜静脉阻塞(RVO)患者对侧眼黄斑区血流密度和黄斑中心凹无血管区(FAZ)面积。方法:回顾性病例对照研究。2018年5~11月在长沙爱尔眼科医院临床确诊为单眼RVO的78例患者78只对侧眼纳入研究。其中,男性44例,女性34例;平均年龄(53.17±10.12)岁。视网膜中央静脉阻塞(CRVO)42例(CRVO组),视网膜分支静脉阻塞(BRVO)36例(BRVO组)。选取年龄和性别与RVO患者相匹配的33名正常健康者42只眼作为对照组。其中,男性17例22只眼,女性16例20只眼;平均年龄(53.48±10.84)岁。3组受检眼均行OCT血管成像检查,以仪器自带软件自动识别以黄斑中心凹为中心的直径6 mm区域及FAZ,自动测量黄斑区浅层和深层血流密度及FAZ面积。对比分析3组受检眼黄斑区浅层、深层血流密度和FAZ面积。结果:与对照组比较,CRVO组(t=-4.26、-4.93)、BRVO组(t=-4.79、-4.74)受检眼黄斑区浅层及深层血流密度均降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CRVO组、BRVO组受检眼黄斑区浅层及深层血流密度降低幅度分别为4.13%、5.51%及3.50%、4.58%,深层血流密度的降低幅度较浅层更大。CRVO组受检眼FAZ面积较对照组减小,差异有统计学意义(t=-3.43,P<0.05)。BRVO组与对照组受检眼FAZ面积比较,差异无统计学意义(t=-0.10,P>0.05)。结论:单眼RVO患者对侧眼黄斑区血流密度较正常健康眼降低,黄斑区深层血流密度的降低幅度较浅层更大。与正常健康眼比较,单眼CRVO患者对侧眼FAZ面积减小,单眼BRVO患者对侧眼FAZ面积无明显变化。     

Colour Doppler examination of early and late orbital haemodynamic changes in eyes with eyelid oedema due to blunt trauma

PURPOSE: To evaluate the early and late alterations in orbital blood flow parameters in eyes with severe eyelid swelling due to blunt trauma by using colour Doppler ultrasonography (CDU). METHODS: Blood flow parameters in the ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA), short posterior ciliary arteries (SPCAs) and central retinal vein (CRV) were examined by CDU in 62 eyes of 31 patients with unilateral blunt trauma and in 32 eyes of 32 normal subjects. Patients were examined within the first 5 days and at least 1 month after trauma. The traumatized eyes of patients were designated 'trauma eyes', non-traumatized fellow eyes were designated 'fellow eyes', and randomly chosen eyes of control subjects 'control eyes'. RESULTS: In the early phase, peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity (EDV) in the OA in trauma eyes were statistically significantly higher than in both fellow eyes and control eyes: the p-values for the differences in PSV and EDV between trauma eyes and fellow eyes were p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively, while the p-values for the differences in PSV and EDV between trauma eyes and control eyes were p = 0.002 and p = 0.019, respectively). No other blood flow parameters obtained at the first examination in all groups were statistically different. In the late phase, PSV in the OA in trauma eyes was found to be higher than that in both fellow eyes and control eyes, but the difference was significant only between trauma eyes and fellow eyes (p = 0.028). End diastolic velocity in the CRA was statistically significantly lower in fellow eyes than in control eyes (p = 0.046). No other blood flow parameters in any vessels examined in fellow eyes and control eyes were statistically significantly different during the study period. CONCLUSION: Blood flow velocities detected by CDU are increased in the OA in eyes with eyelid oedema due to blunt trauma and some of these changes may persist for up to 1 month. This effect seems to be a consequence of trauma-induced hyperaemia in the orbital soft tissues rather than an expression of traumatic choroidal vasculopathy.     

视网膜中央静脉阻塞对侧眼视网膜电图的观察

本文对31例单眼视网膜中央静脉阻塞（centralretinalveinocclusion，CRVO）患者正常眼底的对侧眼进行了暗视ERGa、b波及OPs各子波峰时值、波幅和OP总合波幅的观察，结果表明，ERG的a、b波及OPs各子波峰时值均延迟，ERGb波波幅异常者占32％，其中b波超高者占29％，b波降低者占3％，OPs主要表现为O2波波幅的降低，异常率42％，异常率随着年龄的增大而增加。在OPs异常的患者中绝大多数存在着血液粘稠度的增高及血脂异常。提示O2波是观察视网膜血液循环障碍的敏感指标。全身因素可以同时影响双眼视网膜功能。     

Hemodynamic response to intravitreal triamcinolone in eyes with macular edema

Purpose To assess ocular hemodynamic response to intravitreal triamcinolone in patients with macular edema due to diabetes or retinal vein occlusion. Methods Forty-three patients that were injected by intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (0.1 cc 4 mg) for unilateral macular edema due to diabetes mellitus (n = 17) and occlusion of retinal vein (n = 26) underwent ocular hemodynamic evaluation by color Doppler imaging (CDI) before and one, two and three months after injection. Non-injected fellow eyes as well as 16 healthy volunteers were also evaluated. Results In patients with diabetic macular edema, there was no hemodynamic difference between eyes to be injected and non-injected at baseline (P > 0.23). Compared to controls, a significant difference existed in the ophthalmic artery resistant index (P = 0.001) and end-diastolic velocity (P < 0.001) in diabetics. At one month, compared to fellow eyes, change in end diastolic velocity from baseline in treated eyes was significantly decreased in posterior ciliary arteries (0.68 ± 0.34 cm/s [mean ± SEM] vs. −1.04 ± 0.81 cm/s, P = 0.012). Throughout the study period, no significant alteration from baseline in the resistant index of any artery was noted in treated diabetic eyes (P > 0.05). In eyes with retinal vein occlusion, baseline CDI evaluation demonstrated reduced posterior ciliary arteries systolic flow velocity compared to fellow and control eyes (13.24 ± 1.04 cm/s, 16.37 ± 0.76 cm/s and 14.33 ± 1.41 cm/s, respectively, P = 0.007). Increased peak systolic velocity in the posterior ciliary arteries at one week (P = 0.02), one month (P = 0.005) and two months (P = 0.04), and increase in central retinal artery resistant index at one month was noted (P = 0.05). Conclusion Intravitreal triamcinolone temporarily changed central retinal artery blood flow and posterior ciliary arteries' peak systolic blood velocity in eyes with retinal vein occlusion whilst no response of blood flow to triamcinolone injection but only transiently altered end diastolic blood velocity in posterior ciliary arteries was observed in diabetic eyes. This study was presented in part at the Mediterranean Retina II Meeting, Antalya, Turkey, June 2006.     

视网膜静脉阻塞眼底血流超声初步研究

目的：观察视网膜静脉阻塞患者视网膜中央血管系统的微循环变化。方法：运用超声多普勒技术对视网膜静脉阻塞患者47眼作视网膜中央动脉（CRA）和视网膜中央静脉（CRV）血流速度的检测。结果：患者CRA,CRV的血流速度下降明显（P＜0.01）,与眼别、年龄、性别无明显差别;舒张末期血流速度（EDV）、收缩期血流加速度（A）反应灵敏,早期 即有变化（P＜0.01）;收缩期峰值血流速度（PSV）下降则相对滞后;阻力指数（RI）变化不大。部分静脉郁滞性视网膜病变（VSR）患者的各测值以后均回升,而出血性网膜病变（HR）者却不变。早期综合治疗对部分VSR患者的预后有利。结论：血流速度超声检测指数敏感地反映了视网膜微循环情况,可作为病情、预后及疗效观察的参考依据。     

单眼视网膜静脉阻塞患者对侧眼黄斑功能的多焦视网膜电图检测

目的 观察单眼视网膜静脉阻塞(RVO)患者对侧眼黄斑功能的变化.方法 对比分析24例经荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)确诊为单眼RVO患者的24只对侧眼及18位正常受试者18只正常眼的多焦视网膜电图(mfERG)检测结果,比较两组受试者黄斑功能的差异.采用罗兰RETIsean电生理仪记录mfERG,将记录图形分别按照6个同心圆和4个象限对P1、N1波的振幅密度及潜伏期进行比较和分析.结果 RVO患者对侧眼在中心第1、2环处P1、N1波的振幅密度显著低于正常眼,差异有统计学意义(t=4.520,2.147;P＜0.05);其它各环、各象限振幅密度及潜伏期在两组间均未见明显差异(P＞0.05).结论 与正常眼相比,RVO患者对侧眼黄斑中心凹视功能受损.     

FFA和OCT在诊断视网膜中央动静脉阻塞中的应用价值

目的：探讨荧光素眼底血管造影( fundus fluorescein angiography, FFA )、相干光断层扫描( optical coherent tomography,OCT)在诊断视网膜中央动静脉阻塞中的临床价值。
　　方法：对2012-06/2015-12本院眼科中心收集的47例47眼视网膜中央动静脉阻塞病例进行回顾性分析,根据临床最终确诊结果分为视网膜中央动脉阻塞( central retinal artery occlusion,CRAO)患者21眼、视网膜中央静脉阻塞( central retinal vein occlusion,CRVO)患者26眼,所有患者均于起病2 wk内接受了FFA和OCT检查,对两种检查结果的图像资料进行分析。
　　结果：CRAO组患者的平均黄斑中心小凹厚度、测量角度、充盈时间测定结果均显著低于CRVO组患者的平均值,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
　　结论：视网膜中央动静脉阻塞的OCT、FFA图像各具特点,二者结合可以较好地鉴别诊断视网膜中央动静脉阻塞。