卡托普利片含量及其溶出度的流动注射分析

以亚硝基铁氰化钠的碱性溶液为显色剂，采用流动注射分析技术，测定卡托普利片含量及其溶出度。在２０～９０μｇ／ｍｌ的范围内其回归方程为Ｃ＝１．００２×１０￣（－５）Ｈ＋１５．４９（ｒ＝０．９９９９１），测定６０μｇ／ｍｌ样品回收率为９９．７％（ＲＳＤ＝０．６７％，ｎ＝５）。本法测定速度诀，选择性好，灵敏度高。     

TLC—荧光分光光度法测定尿中氧氟沙星的排出速率

本文报道了用ＴＬＣ－荧光分光光度法测定２名健康受试者尿中氧氟沙星的排出速率。薄层板为硅胶Ｇ板，展开剂为苯－甲醇－甲酸（１．６７：５：３．３３）。尿样经薄层层析后，收集氧氟沙星的斑点，用乙酸－乙醇－水（９：３：１０）洗脱，于λｅｘ＝２９４ｎｍ、λｅｍ＝４９５ｎｍ处测定其荧光强度，在２０￣８００ｕｇ／ｍｌ浓度范围内呈线性，回归方程为Ｆ＝０．１３＋０．５５Ｃ，最低检出限为１０ｕｇ／ｍｌ。该法灵敏、重现性     

反相高效液相色谱法测定阿霉素的血药浓度

本文采用反相ＨＰＬＣ法测定阿霉素的血药浓度，血浆样品用甲醇－氯仿（１：４）在ｐＨ９．０的条件下提取后进样，５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸－异丙醇－甲醇－乙腈（４５：３５：１０：１０，ｐＨ２．９）为流动相，荧光检测器λｅｘ＝４５０ｎｍ，λｅｍ＝５３０ｎｍ。最低检测浓度１０ｎｇ／ｍｌ，线性范围在３０－１５００ｎｇ／ｍｌ内ｒ＝０。９９８７，日内ＲＳＤ为１．５％－２．４％，日间ＲＳＤ为１．８％－３．７％。并对７例肺癌     

柱切换HPLC法测定人血浆中阿霉素浓度

本文采用ＨＰＬＣ柱切换技术建立了阿霉素（Ａｄｒｉａｍｉｃｉｎ）血药浓度的测定方法。以μ－ＢｏｎｄａｐａｋＣ_（１８）（３７～５０μｍ）为预处理柱（５０ｍｍ×５ｍｍＩＤ），磷酸缓冲液为预处理流动相，对样品进行自动净化处理。分析柱（１５０ｍｍ×５ｍｍＩＤ）固定相为ＹＷＧ－Ｃ１８，１０μｍ，流动相为甲醇－乙腈－磷酸缓冲液（４０：１０：５０，Ｖ／Ｖ）的混合溶液。荧光检测波长为λ_（ｅｘ）＝４９５ｎｍ，λ_（ｅｍ）＝５６０ｎｍ。血浆测定的线性范围为３～６８２ｎｇ／ｍｌ，ｒ＝０．９９９８，血浆中最低检测浓度为１ｎｇ／ｍｌ。方法的平均回收率为１０１．０％，日内及日间相对标准偏差均小于６％。     

高效液相色谱法测定静注吡洛地尔兔血药浓度及药物动力学参数

本文应用反相高效液相色谱法测定兔静注吡洛地尔（１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）血药浓度，样品用正庚烷提取。流动相以１０％三乙胺：甲醇液（甲醇：水＝９：１）＝５：９５。紫外检测波长为２５４ｎｍ，回收率８１．４％，日内和日间的ＲＳＤ值为２．４％、３．５％。最低检测血浓为２０ｎｇ／ｍｌ。用３Ｐ８７程序拟合为二室模型。α＝３．０８ｈ－１，β＝０．１８ｈ－１，Ｔ１／２＝４．０７ｈ，Ｋ１０＝０．９１ｈ－１，Ｋ１０＝０．６１ｈ－１，Ｖｃ＝１１．４５ＡＬ／ｋｇ，ＣＬ＝６．７３Ｌ／（ｋｇ·ｈ），ＡＵＣ＝２．２１（μｇ·ｈ）／Ｌ。     

RP—HPLC法测定雌二醇控制贴片中雌二醇含量

用ＲＰ－ＨＰＬＣ法测定雌二醇控释贴片的含量。流动相为甲醇－水（７５：２５），检测波长为２８０ｎｍ，在１０￣６０μｇ／ｍｌ范围内线性关系良好（ｒ＝０．９９９９），平均加样回收率为１００．６２％（ＲＳＤ＝１．４３％）。     

高效液相色谱法测定氯芬待因片含量

本文介绍了测定镇痛复方制剂氯芬待因片中磷酸可待因、双氯芬酸钠含量的高效液相色谱法。方法采用μ－ＢｏｎｄａｐａｋＣ１８作固定相，０．０４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ庚烷磺酸钠－乙腈（１∶１．２）作流动相，在紫外检测器２８０ｎｍ波长处测定。方法简单快速，准确可靠。磷酸可待因的直线回归方程为Ｃ＝５．９５×１０－７Ａ＋０．００１５，双氯芬酸钠的直线回归方程为Ｃ＝６．１６×１０－８Ａ＋０．００８４；线性范围的相关系数分别为ｒ＝０．９９９９、ｒ＝０．９９９３。另外方法回收率磷酸可待因为９９．０８％（ＲＳＤ０．２５％），双氯芬酸钠为９９．７４％（ＲＳＤ０．６６％）。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定乙酰麦迪霉素血药浓度

应用反相高效液相色谱法测定乙酰麦迪霉素血清浓度。色谱柱为ＯＤＳ Ｃ１８柱，流动相为甲醇一次（８０：２０，ｖ／ｖ），流速１．０ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ，检测波长２５４ｎｍ，柱温２５℃。线性范围在１０￣３００ｎｇ／ｍｌ，检测下限为１０ｎｇ／ｍｌ高、低浓度平均回收率分别为１０１．０２％和１０５．４４％，日内、日间测定ＲＳＤ分别为５．１２％（ｎ＝１０）和７．３８％（ｎ＝７）。应用本法测定健康人单剂量口服乙酰麦迪霉素干     

高效液相色谱法同时测定人血清中茶碱与苯巴比妥、苯妥英、卡马西平的含量

本文报道茶碱与苯巴比妥（ＰＢ）、苯妥英（ＤＰＨ）、卡马西平（ＣＢＺ）两类（４种）不同药物血浓度的ＨＰＬＣ同时测定法．采用国产色谱柱ＹＷＧＣ１８（４．６×２５０ｍｍ），检测波长为２５４ｎｍ，流动相为甲醇－水（５０：５０，ｖ／ｖ），流速：１ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ，以４－氨基安替匹林作内标，各药物的平均回收率分别为茶碱９９．０２％，ＰＢ１００．７３％，ＤＰＨ１０１．０％，ＣＢＺ１０１．７７％。对各药血清标准液的峰高比测量的变异系数（ｎ＝１０），分别为茶碱（１０μｇ／ｍｌ）６．３％，ＰＢ（２０μｇ／ｍｌ）６．１％，ＤＰＨ（２０μｇ／ｍｌ）４．０％，ＣＢＺ（１０μｇ／ｍｌ）５．２％。本法具有快速、准确、适用性广的特点，用于治疗药物的监测，效果满意，大大提高了实验室的工作效率。     

尼莫地平控释片释放度试验研究

本文研究了尼莫地平控释片的释放度试验方法——转篮法，释放介质为含有２２％异丙醇的０．１ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１盐酸液；磷酸盐缓冲液（ｐＨ５．８）和ｐＨ７．２的溶液。含量测定方法：紫外分光光度法，在三种介质中尼莫地平分别在１～３０μｇ·ｍｌ－１，１０～５０μｇ·ｍｌ－１和１０～５０μｇ·ｍｌ－１的范围内，浓度与吸收度有较好的线性关系。回归方程分别为Ａ＝０．６１５Ｃ＋０．０２３（ｒ＝０．９９９９）；Ａ＝０．０６１４Ｃ＋０．０１２（ｒ＝０．９９９５）；Ａ＝０．０６１２Ｃ＋０．００８８（ｒ＝０．９９９９）。平均回收率分别为９９．６３％，９９．９８％及１００．７７％，ＲＳＤ（％）分别为１．３４％，１．５９％及１．４１％。本方法的体外释放百分率与体内吸收分数有较好的相关性（ｒ＝０．９９１）。     

Clinical studies of S6472 in otorhinolaryngologic infections

A multicenter cooperative clinical trial was carried out on S6472 (a long-acting preparation of cefaclor (CCL)) to evaluate its effectiveness and safety in the treatment of infectious diseases in the field of otorhinolaryngology. The results are as follows: The clinical efficacy of the drug could be evaluated in 114 patients. An efficacy rate of 65.8% was obtained. The efficacy rate for each disease was found to be 60.0% for acute suppurative otitis media, 12.5% for chronic suppurative otitis media and 44.4% for acute exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media. The overall efficacy rate for all cases of suppurative otitis media was 46.4%. The efficacy rate for acute tonsillitis was found to be 93.1%. In the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis, the efficacy of the drug was rated as excellent or good in all cases. The overall efficacy rate for all cases of tonsillitis was found to be 93.9%. In the treatment of other infectious diseases, the efficacy was rated as excellent or good in all cases. When the cases by resistant organisms to CCL were excluded from the evaluation, the overall efficacy rate of the drug was found to be 74.2%. The bacteria could be identified in 106 cases. Regarding the bacteriological efficacy of single infections, its bacterial elimination rate was found to be 81.1% for Gram-positive bacteria including S. aureus, S. epidermidis, etc., while it was 42.9% for Gram-negative bacteria. The overall elimination rate of bacteria in single infections was 73.1%. The bacterial elimination rate for mixed infections was found to be 85.7%, whereas it was 76.8% when the single and mixed infections were combined. Regarding side effects, 1 case each of diarrhea, soft stool and rash, or 3 cases in total (2.4%), were recorded in a total of 123 patients. However, the severity of each side effect was mild. Regarding abnormal laboratory findings, there were 1 case each of an increase in S-GPT, leukopenia and complication of eosinophilia and thrombocytopenia, or 3 cases in total (7.0%). Each of these adverse reactions was, however, transient in nature, and no serious cases were observed. On the basis of the above results, it was concluded that S6472 can provide sufficient clinical efficacy when it is administered at daily dosage of 750 mg or 1,500 mg in 2 divided doses after the breakfast and dinner.     

广州市郊区0～2岁婴幼儿的喂养状况调查

目的了解广州市郊区0～2岁婴幼儿喂养状况,为指导婴幼儿的科学喂养提供依据。方法整群抽取广州市番禺区1754名婴幼儿,对喂养方式进行问卷调查。结果①4个月龄母乳喂率79．05％,完全母乳喂养率29．82％。②婴儿辅食添加普遍较早,2个月时已有10％婴儿开始添加蛋白质及蔬菜,35％添加碳水化合物;4个月时90％以上婴儿添加碳水化合物及蛋白质,86％添加了蔬菜和水果,添加辅食的品种较丰富;但豆类添加率较低,到12个月时仅为43．5％。③12～18个月断奶率为95．6％,2岁时达99．4％。结论我区婴幼儿的喂养仍存在问题,需继续提高母乳率,特别是纯母乳喂养率,改变过早添加辅食的现象,增加豆类添加率,进一步提高添加辅食质量。     

2007年至2011年医务人员洗手效果的监测分析及对策

目的观察医护工作者洗手效果,以利于针对性的监测医务人员的手卫生。方法观察我院医务人员在2007年1月至2011年12月手卫生的情况。结果在这5年,共有1457人次医护人员监测手卫生,其合格率为91.4%。临床医师的手卫生监测合格率为89.3%,护士的手卫生监测合格率为98.2%。在Ⅱ类环境中,医护人员的手卫生监测合格率为96.5%,在Ⅲ类环境中,医护人员手卫生合格率为91.4%。医护人员手卫生监测合格率为91.9%;实习生与进修医护人员手卫生监测合格率为80.7%。结论落实各级规章制度,增强医护人员的手卫生的意识,提高洗手卫生设备的质量,从而可减少院内感染的发生。     

甲硝唑冲洗剂对腹腔感染家兔的药效学研究

采用细菌培养法，考察家兔腔灌注甲硝唑冲洗剂对厌氧菌感染动物体内细菌生长的抑制杀灭作用。结果表明，０．０５％甲硝唑冲剂对脆弱类杆菌，双酶梭菌和小苇荣球功等三种厌氧菌具有明显的抑菌杀菌作用，药后１０ｍｉｎ，杀灭率达９３．３３％，与已知药物０．０５％复达欣的药效相当；０．１％甲硝唑冲洗剂药后１０ｍｉｎ，其杀灭率高达９６．６７％。     

枸杞多酚提取物中总多酚的测定

目的建立紫外分光光度法测定枸杞多酚提取物中的总多酚。方法采用紫外分光光度法测定枸杞多酚提取物中总多酚,用水稀释样品,加入显色剂Filin-Ciocalteu试剂,在760 nm处测定吸光度,用同样方法测定并绘制标准曲线。结果紫外分光光度法测定枸杞多酚提取物中总多酚的量分别为24.03%、26.38%、25.45%、28.27%、29.08%,线性范围1～8μg/mL,R2=0.999 5。平均回收率为103.5%,RSD<5%。结论该方法操作简单,准确可靠,适于枸杞多酚提取物中总多酚的测定。     

Occupational environment as perceived by workers at a textile mill in Bahir Dar, northwest Ethiopia

This cross sectional study was conducted among textile mill workers in Bahir Dar town in 1995/96. The main objective of the study was to investigate how workers perceive their work environment and explore their state of satisfaction with their work. A pretested questionnaire was administered by trained health workers to 394 production workers. The majority of the workers (53.6%) claimed the work environment to be hot. For 66.8%, the physical conditions around the working departments was worst during the hot season. The work place was perceived as dusty and noisy by 47.2% and 36.0% of the respondents respectively. The distribution of adverse environmental complaint by work department was not the same. A higher proportion of the workers in the spinning department complained of inadequate air movement (64.5%) and dusty work place (53.3%); whereas those in the weaving department complained the work place to be hot and noisy (60.5%, 53.5% respectively). Aprons were used by 95.7%, but other personal protectors such as ear protectors, gloves and goggles were used rarely. In general, 228 (57.9%) workers were satisfied but the rest were dissatisfied with their work environment. In order to improve the hygienic conditions in the work place, 71.2% suggested use of different kinds of personal protectors. In conclusion, personal protectors should always be used, environmental hygiene should be conducted and health education should be provided to workers.     

贵州省清镇市福泉县农村卫生服务调查研究

报道１９９５年贵州省清镇、福泉两县市２５３５户１０７１９名农村居民卫生服务求与利用情况，分析了影响医疗服务利用的因素。研究表明，该区居民二周患病率１４．０８％，平均慢性病患病率１３．８９％，住院率４．７２％，平均住院和１０．７天，应住院而未住院率４６．２３％，８８％的人由于经济困难所致。农民均为自费医疗、患病经济负担重，医疗费用高影响了卫生服务利用。     

高效液相色谱法测定胰必清颗粒中有效成分含量

［摘要］目的建立一种高效液相色谱（HPLC）法，测定胰必清颗粒中大黄素、大黄酚、厚朴酚等成分。方法采用Hypersil ODS色谱柱,流动相为甲醇 0.5%高氯酸水溶液(85:15),检测波长254 nm。结果大黄素、芦荟大黄素、大黄酚、大黄酸、厚朴酚及和厚朴酚的加样回收率(n=5)分别为: 99.62%, 96.60%, 98.69%, 103.70%, 99.84%, 101.30%； 精密度RSD(n=5)分别为1.18%，2.34%，1.85%，2.45%，0.61%，1.21%。结论该方法简便，快速，结果准确可靠，灵敏度高、重现性好,可作为胰必清颗粒质量控制的定量方法。     

Comparison of the incidence of colour blindness between sections of Libyan and Indian populations

Incidence of Red-Green colour blindness was studied in a Libyan population and was then compared with the same in two samples of Indian population. The incidence of the Red-Green colour defect was found to be 2.209% amongst the males and 0.0% amongst the females in the Libyan study. However, the incidence was only 1.841% amongst the ethnic Libyan males. This incidence was comparable with those reported from other African countries like Congo and Uganda. The incidence of Red-Green colour defect amongst the Indian males was found to be 2.295% while it was 0.840% amongst the Indian females.