对工厂工人进行心肺复苏技能培训的方法及效果评价

目的探讨对工厂工人进行心肺复苏知识和技能培训的方法及其效果。方法采用多种培训形式相结合的方法对不同工厂426名工人进行心肺复苏技能培训，对培训前后工人进行心肺复苏知识测评。结果培训前426名工人普遍缺乏心肺复苏技能，通过培训，心肺复苏操作考核合格率从培训前的9．6％提高到91．3％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论工厂工人普遍缺乏心肺复苏知识，运用合适的培训方法能有效提高工人心肺复苏技能。针对我国国情，医院培训是普及心肺复苏技能的理想场所。     

非医学专业大学生心肺复苏知识掌握情况的调查研究

目的了解非医学专业大学生心肺复苏术（CPR）知识现状,分析非医学专业大学生CPR知识认知度的相关因素,为开展高校大学生心肺复苏知识和技能培训提供科学依据。方法采用自行设计的调查表对200名非医学专业大学乍进行有关心肺复苏知识与技能的问卷调查。结果非医学专业大学生心肺复苏知识掌握合格率仅为11．5％,不同性别、学历的非医学专业大学生心肺复苏知识总体掌握情况差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,不同培训经历非医学专业大学生心肺复苏知识合格率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论在学校歼展心肺复苏培训具有可行性,建议学校结合实际情况,系统地进行心肺复苏知识培训,不断提高非医学专业大学生的心肺复苏知识。     

上海市中学生心肺复苏技能培训的效果观察

[目的]探讨中学生心肺复苏(CPR)理论知识和操作技能培训的方法、意义及效果。[方法]采用多种培训形式相结合的方法对不同年级的303名中学生进行心肺复苏理论知识和操作技能的培训,在培训前后对中学生心肺复苏理论知识和技能进行测评。[结果]303名中学生普遍缺乏心肺复苏理论知识和操作技能,通过培训,初中组和高中组急救知识考核及格率分别由0.7%和13.2%上升至79.2%和88.1%,两组培训前后得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);培训后初中组和高中组CPR操作技能考核的合格率分别为97.9%和100.0%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]中学生普遍缺乏心肺复苏相关知识,建议尽早将CPR知识纳入教育课程。     

对某社区居民心肺复苏培训的效果评价

目的探讨对东莞大岭山镇社区居民进行心肺复苏知识和技能培训的效果。方法采用理论加模型相结合的方法对100名东莞大岭山镇社区居民进行心肺复苏理论知识和技能的培训，利用改良版生命ABC问卷对培训前后心肺复苏知识进行测评。结果培训前大岭山镇社区居民普遍缺乏心肺复苏知识和技能，通过培训后，除4个条目外，其他条目较培训前差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论大岭山镇社区居民普遍缺乏心肺复苏知识，通过对其培训能有效地提高其心肺复苏知识。     

情景模拟教学法在农民工心肺复苏技能培训中的应用

目的评价情景模拟教学法对农民工心肺复苏（CPR）技能培训的效果。方法通过“情景设计-情境带入-情境运用”3个培训阶段对某外资企业30名农民工进行心肺复苏知识和技能培训，培训前后进行评估，观察培训效果。结果培圳前30名农民工普遍缺乏心肺复苏知识和技能；通过培训，CPR操作技能较培训前明显提高，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．001）。结论情景模拟教学法适用于对农民工心肺复苏技能培训。     

北京远郊居民心肺复苏技能培训效果及影响因素初探

目的：探讨北京市远郊农村居民进行心肺复苏技能培训效果及相关的影响因素。方法根据《2010年美国ACC／AHA心肺复苏指南》,采用方便抽样的方法,选取北京市郊区居民116名进行心肺复苏技能培训,培训后进行胸外按压技能水平的测试。观察受训者心肺复苏的平均按压深度、平均按压频率和技能合格率。结果116名居民培训后平均胸外按压深度为（44．39±10．21） mm,合格率为30．2％（35／116）;平均胸外按压频率为（118．70±22．81）次／min,合格率为78．4％（91／116）。不同年龄、文化程度的受训者胸外按压深度比较差异有统计学意义（ t／F值分别为2．960,4．149;P＜0．05）。不同年龄、文化程度的受训者胸外按压频率比较差异有统计学意义（t／F值分别为2．037,6．587;P＜0．05）。结论远郊居民胸外按压质量受年龄、文化程度等因素的影响,胸外按压深度是今后心肺复苏培训项目的重点和难点。     

徐州市高速公路交通警察院前急救技能培训的效果

目的：通过对徐州市高速公路交通警察院前急救知识与技能的现状调查及培训,提出更有效的急救技能的培训方案。方法依托徐州市中心医院急救中心对91名高速公路交通警察分3批进行急救技能培训,培训前后进行急救知识和急救技能的考核。结果培训后,91名交通警察急救理论书面试卷合格率从31．0％提高到71．4％,实际操作合格率从20．0％提高到51．8％,培训前后比较,差异有统计学意义（χ2值分别为179．01,120．49;P＜0．01）。结论高速公路交通警察的急救知识比较匮乏,应进行急救知识与技能的专业培训,并加强心肺复苏的培训。     

培训警务人员心肺复苏技能的方法及意义

目的探讨对警务人员进行心肺复苏知识和技能培训的方法和意义。方法采用问卷调查与培训相结合的方式,对不同警种的91名警务人员进行心肺复苏知识和技能的调查培训。结果培训前91名警务人员普遍缺乏心肺复苏知识和技能;通过培训,理论考核合格率从培训前的13.19%上升到94.51%,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01),心肺复苏操作考核合格率达100%。结论医院培训是提高警务人员心肺复苏知识与技能的一种有效方法;拓展了护理工作的服务领域,为护士走进社区普及急救知识和技能奠定了基础。     

广州东部地区公众徒手心肺复苏术掌握现状调查及培训分析

目的了解广州东部地区公众对徒手心肺复苏术（CPR）掌握现状,探讨对公众进行CPR培训的方法。方法对广州东部地区738人进行CPR培训,培训前后理论和操作考试。结果广州东部地区公众普遍缺乏心肺复苏知识和技能。培训后操作考试合格率从培训前12．0％提高到100．0％。结论广州东部地区公众普遍缺乏心肺复苏基本知识和技能,规范培训能有效提高公众心肺复苏技能。     

海岛基层医护人员急救知识与技能培训及效果评价

总结对海岛基层医护人员进行急救知识和技能培训的效果。采用多样式培训方法对89名基层医护人员进行急救知识和技能培训，并经理论知识及心肺复苏技能考核评价培训效果。培训前急救知识和急救技能合格率为39．3％和36．0％，培训后为95．5％和97．8％，有显著提高。     

临床护士在心肺复苏技能考核中存在的问题与对策

目的 探讨强化护士心肺复苏技能掌握程度的方法.方法 随机抽考本院116名在职护士的心肺复苏术操作,比较不同职称护士的心肺复苏技术考核成绩、合格率及存在的主要问题.结果 116名护士的心肺复苏技术考核成绩平均（88.21±7.68）分,合格率为61.2%,其中主管护师平均分数及合格率均低于护师和护士（P＜0.05）,护师与护士得分差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.存在的主要问题为呼吸、脉搏及复检时判断时间不够,复检时呼吸脉搏未同时判断.结论 应加强临床护士急救知识和临床技能的培训,建立重复培训和定期考核的制度,特别是对于高职称的护士更应予以加强CPR的培训.     

Comparison of three instructional methods for teaching cardiopulmonary resuscitation and use of an automatic external defibrillator to high school students

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate new instructional methods for teaching high school students cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillator (AED) knowledge, actions and skills. METHODS: We conducted a cluster-controlled trial of 3 instructional interventions among Seattle area high school students, with random allocation based on classrooms, during 2003-04. We examined two new instructional methods: interactive-computer training and interactive-computer training plus instructor-led (hands-on) practice, and compared them with traditional classroom instruction that included video, teacher demonstration and instructor-led (hands-on) practice, and with a control group. We assessed CPR and AED knowledge, performance of key AED and CPR actions, and essential CPR ventilation and compressions skills 2 days and 2 months after training. All outcomes were transformed to a scale of 0-100%. RESULTS: For all outcome measures mean scores were higher in the instructional groups than in the control group. Two days after training all instructional groups had mean CPR and AED knowledge scores above 75%, with use of the computer program scores were above 80%. Mean scores for key AED actions were above 80% for all groups with training, with hands-on practice enhancing students' positive outcomes for AED pad placement. Students who received hands-on practice more successfully performed CPR actions than those in the computer program only group. In the 2 hands-on practice groups the scores for 3 of the outcomes ranged from 57 to 74%; they were 32 to 54% in the computer only group. For the outcome of continuing CPR until the AED was available scores were high, 89 to 100% in all 3 training groups. Mean CPR skill scores were low in all groups. The highest mean score for successful ventilations was 15% and for compressions, 29%. The pattern of results was similar after 2 months. CONCLUSIONS: We found evidence that interactive computer based self instruction alone was sufficient to teach CPR and AED knowledge and AED actions to high school students. All forms of instruction were highly effective in teaching AED use. In contrast to AED skills, CPR remains a set of difficult psychomotor skills that is challenging to teach to high school students as well as other members of the lay public.     

预备役官兵心肺复苏认知调查及培训效果

目的：了解预备役官兵对徒手心肺复苏术（ CPR）知识和技能的掌握情况,并分析CPR知识培训后的效果。方法采用自行设计的问卷调查表对150名预备役官兵在培训前、后CPR知识及技能掌握情况进行调查。结果本次调查发放问卷150份,4份填写不完整,回收有效问卷146份,有效回收率97．3％。培训前25．3％预备役官兵对CPR知识缺乏,45．2％获得CPR知识的途径主要来源于电视、报刊;8．9％从专业书籍中获取;20．5％听他人说。17．1％会正确CPR操作。培训后100％官兵掌握了判断意识丧失和心跳停止的方法;98．6％会判断呼吸停止;94．5％掌握了呼吸心跳停止处理措施;73.3％掌握了心肺复苏的基本步骤;72．6％会实施人工呼吸;87．7％能准确按压心脏的部位;87．7％掌握胸外心脏按压的胸骨下限的深度。146名预备役官兵CPR知识培训后各项知识知晓率均高于培训前,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论通过培训,预备役官兵CPR认知和技能得以提升,提高了特殊群体对CPR知识和技能掌握的程度,以期保证“第一时间”施救的成功率。     

高中生心肺复苏知识认知及需求情况调查

[目的]了解徐州市高中生对心肺复苏(CPR)知识的认知现状与需求情况,探讨普及心肺复苏知识的可行性方法。[方法]采用随机抽样方法,对徐州市632名高中生进行CPR知识认知及需求的问卷调查。[结果]高中生对心肺复苏知识的认识水平普遍较低;影响高中生获取CPR知识的主要因素为自身无获取CPR知识的意识、社区无类似的宣传和讲座;91.1%的高中生希望进行专业的培训,78.6%的高中生选择理论讲解结合模拟操作的培训方式。[结论]高中生对CPR知识的掌握状况不佳,其知晓水平有待提高;需结合高中生感兴趣的培训方式,大力开展CPR知识和技能的培训,进一步普及高中生的急救知识和救助能力。     

培训者培训模式在护士心肺复苏技能培训中的应用

目的 探讨培训者培训模式在护士心肺复苏技能培训中的应用效果.方法 应用培训者培训模式对护士心肺复苏技能进行培训,对培训前后护士的考核合格率和操作技术失误率进行评价.结果 经培训,教师培训者操作考核合格率由61.90％提高至100％,理论考核合格率由64.29％提高到100％;被培训人员操作考核合格率由56.71％提高到89.48％,理论考核合格率由67.30％提高到96.40％;按压部位错误发生率、按压深度错误发生率、按压频率错误发生率、胸廓充分回弹问题发生率均有所下降;被培训人员CPR技术的平均分和合格率均高于传统的培训方法(均P<0.01).结论 培训者培训模式对护士CPR技能的培训效果明显优于传统的培训方法,值得推广应用.     

The effectiveness of repeated cardiopulmonary resuscitation training in a school population

At the end of a study program, evaluating the feasibility and the effectiveness of a unique training session on a school population, the majority of the students were asking for additional training opportunities. We therefore set up the present study with the purpose of evaluating skills, knowledge and attitude concerning CPR, after respectively one and two training sessions. 265 students from 4 different school levels were trained. 6 months later 134 answered a questionnaire and were again trained in CPR, 129 students answered the same questionnaire and were tested for their skills in CPR. Ten months later 75 students who had two training sessions answered again the questionnaire and 65 among them were tested for their skills. The two training sessions were identical, given by lay teachers priorly instructed in CPR, and consisted of a video-program and practical demonstration, followed by individual practice on training manikins. Both training sessions lasted 100 min. Evaluation of skills was performed by emergency physicians not involved in the training. Seventeen different items, representing each step in CPR were scored. Repeated training induces significant improvement of total skill scoring, without significant difference between boys and girls, but with improvement of scoring with class level. When looking at the different steps, the improvement in scoring is most impressive in certain steps which scored poorly after one training session, such as backward tilt of the head, a keystone in CPR. The steps concerning mouth-to-mouth breathing and external thoracic compressions reach, 10 months after the second training, an average of 1.6 out of 2 (80% correct) as compared to 1.44 out of 2 (71.9% correct) after one training. Knowledge concerning CPR does not increase significantly after the second training session. The time lapse of 10 months since the second training session may have played a role, although the methodology excluding interactive instruction may also explain this discrepancy. The influence on attitude shows that fear to apply CPR increased significantly after one training session and does not significantly lower after the second training. This attitude seems to be rather person-linked, for no correlation was found with age, theoretical knowledge or practical skill scoring. We have no way of knowing whether the statement concerning fear to apply CPR will correspond with such an attitude when confronted with a concrete emergency situation.     

Knowledge and willingness to teach cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A survey amongst 4273 teachers

Introduction

Schoolteachers are expected to play a role in teaching cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to schoolchildren, but little is known about their attitudes, actual knowledge and willingness to do so. We conducted a survey about CPR knowledge, preparedness to perform and teach CPR as well as attitude towards an alternative self-learning strategy amongst Flemish teachers.

Methods

A questionnaire was developed consisting of four distinct parts: (1) Demographics; (2) CPR knowledge and skills level; (3) Attitude towards training and (4) Resuscitation experience. Content experts screened the questionnaire in view of content validity. One hundred and seventy-one students in Educational Sciences were each asked to interview 25 different teachers.

Results

A total of 4273 teachers participated in the study (primary school n = 856; secondary school n = 2562; higher education n = 855). Of all respondents, 59% (2539/4273) had received previous CPR training with the highest proportion observed in primary schoolteachers (69%) and in the age group 21–30 years (68%). Mandatory CPR training at school was supported by 41% (1751/4273) of the teachers and only 36% was aware that CPR is now formally included in the secondary education curriculum. Sixty-one percent (2621/4273) did not feel capable and was not willing to teach CPR, mainly because of a perceived lack of knowledge in 50% (2151/2621). In addition 69% (2927/4273) felt incompetent to perform correct CPR and 73% (3137/4273) wished more training. Feeling incompetent and not willing to teach was related to the absence of previous training. Primary schoolteachers and the age group 21–30 years were most willing to teach CPR.

Conclusions

Although many teachers mentioned previous CPR training, only a minority of mostly young and primary schoolteachers felt competent in CPR and was willing to teach it to their students.     

社区公众心肺复苏知识和技能培训效果分析

目的:观察对社区公众心肺复苏知识和技能培训的效果。方法:采用问卷法对深圳市龙岗区1562名社区公众心肺复苏急救知识进行调查,然后现场进行心肺复苏知识培训,并对其中120人培训前后进行单人徒手心肺复苏术操作考核评估。结果:培训后社区公众心肺复苏急救知识知晓率、单人徒手心肺复苏术评分、及格率均高于培训前(P<0.05)。结论:以社区为单位开展心肺复苏急救知识培训,对社区公众掌握一定的急救技能及提高应急能力有较好的效果。     

高仿真模拟人在大学生心肺复苏术培训中的应用效果研究

[目的]评价高仿真模拟人在大学生心肺复苏术培训中的应用效果。[方法]对113名非医学专业大一本科生进行心肺复苏教学,随机分为实验组(高仿真模拟人)56名和对照组(传统模拟人)57名,培训结束即刻和1个月后进行理论和操作测试,并用视觉模拟评分(VAS)评估急救自信心和教学满意度。[结果]培训结束即刻,两组理论成绩相近,但是实验组胸外按压(t=30.49,P0.01)和人工呼吸(t=14.97,P0.01)成绩明显优于对照组,此外,实验组学生表现出更强的急救信心(t=30.49,P0.01),且对教学效果更为满意(t=13.23,P0.01),1个月后实验组理论知识和人工呼吸技能保留较好,而对照组理论和操作成绩均下降显著。[结论]采用高仿真模拟人进行大学生心肺复苏术教学培训可有效提高学生操作能力。