经足底动脉弓成形术与常规腔内或内膜下成形术治疗糖尿病踝下病变的对比研究

目的评价经足底动脉弓成形术与常规腔内或内膜下成形术治疗糖尿病踝下动脉闭塞性病变的临床对比研究。方法 2010年12月至2011年11月选择10例糖尿病踝下病变患者,其中5例(研究组)行经足底动脉弓成形术治疗,5例(对照组)行内膜下或常规腔内成形术治疗,两组手术前后足背或足底动脉搏动评分和踝-肱指数(ABI)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。比较两组患者术后资料,并随访疼痛缓解、伤口愈合、肢体挽救及靶血管再狭窄情况。结果两组患者随访期内均无截肢发生,保肢均成功,磁共振血管成像显示研究组2条靶血管闭塞,患者无临床症状出现;对照组2条靶血管狭窄,2例出现相应临床症状。结论经足底动脉弓成形技术治疗糖尿病踝下闭塞性病变效果优于常规腔内或内膜下成形术,但其长期效果有待进一步研究。     

逆行腔内血管成形术与常规顺行成形术治疗膝下动脉闭塞性病变临床研究

目的：探讨经足背-足底(TDP)或足底-足背(TPD)动脉环逆行腔内血管成形术与常规顺行血管成形术治疗膝下动脉闭塞性病变的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2009年10月至2011年7月接受常规顺行血管成形术的96例膝下动脉闭塞性病变患者112条患肢,其中27条顺行手术失败患肢接受经TDP或TPD动脉环逆行腔内血管成形术。根据手术前踝-臂指数(ABI)、基于冠状动脉造影的心肌梗死溶栓(TIMI)后血流评分(TIMI评分)及足背或足底动脉搏动评分,评价比较顺行血管成形术治疗成功组(常规组,71例患者85条患肢)和经TDP或TPD动脉环逆行腔内血管成形术治疗成功组(逆行组,20例患者22条患肢)术后肢体挽救率及靶血管通畅率。结果逆行组和常规组手术成功率分别为75.9%和74%(P>0.05),ABI分别由术前0.55±0.21和0.56±0.14改善为术后0.93±0.19和0.89±0.18(P>0.05);逆行组和常规组TIMI评分分别由术前0.1±0.5和0.8±0.8改善为术后2.5±0.6和1.8±0.8(P<0.0001),逆行组患者远侧足部组织获得更好血流灌注。逆行组和常规组术后12、24个月靶血管一期通畅率分别为63.6%(14/22)、45.5%(10/22)和52.9%(45/85)、37.6%(32/85)(P>0.05)。术后24个月Kaplan-Meier 生存分析曲线评价显示逆行组和常规组肢体挽救率分别为95.5%和96.5%(P>0.05)。结论与常规顺行血管成形术相比,经TDP或TPD动脉环逆行腔内血管成形术治疗膝下动脉闭塞性病变可获得更好的即刻血流改善情况以及相似的ABI改善情况、一期通畅率及肢体挽救率,可作为顺行血管成形术失败后的有效替补治疗方法。     

微球囊扩张成形术在膝下动脉闭塞性疾病治疗中的初步应用

目的探讨膝下血管微球囊扩张成形术在下肢动脉闭塞性疾病治疗中的应用价值。方法选择以膝下动脉闭塞为主的下肢动脉闭塞性疾病患者32例,共38条肢体,均采用单纯球囊扩张成形术治疗闭塞或严重狭窄病变。结果 38条肢体中技术成功36条(94.73%)。主要并发症有动脉穿孔(1例)、痉挛(1例)及穿刺点血肿(1例)。随访6个月,临床成功率92.11%(35/38)。11例坏疽患者中,1例膝上截肢,救肢率90.91%(10/11)。结论血管微球囊扩张成形术为治疗膝下动脉硬化闭塞症的安全有效的治疗方法,近期疗效满意。     

复杂锁骨下动脉闭塞性病变的腔内治疗

目的探讨复杂锁骨下动脉闭塞性病变腔内治疗的特点。方法回顾首都医科大学宣武医院血管外科2012年1月至2013年12月期间治疗的92例复杂锁骨下动脉闭塞性病变患者临床资料,分析患者的病变特点、腔内手术治疗成功率、联合入路应用、术后症状改善等。结果将复杂锁骨下动脉闭塞性病变分为3型:Ⅰ型为左侧锁骨下动脉长段闭塞,Ⅱ型为右侧锁骨下动脉开口处狭窄或闭塞,Ⅲ型为伴有椎动脉开口病变或影响椎动脉开口的锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞。本组患者手术成功率为82.6%。27.2%患者选用股动脉和肱动脉联合入路,提高了手术成功率。术后患者症状改善率为81.6%。结论上肢动脉入路能够提高左侧锁骨下动脉长段闭塞的开通率,保证右锁骨下动脉开口处支架的准确定位。锁骨下动脉闭塞性病变腔内手术治疗过程中要注意保护椎动脉。     

双向内膜下血管成形术在治疗下肢动脉闭塞症中的应用

目的 探讨双向内膜下血管成形术在治疗周围动脉完全闭塞性病变中的意义。方法 采用双向内膜下血管成形术治疗5例长段动脉闭塞患者,其中腹主动脉下端合并两侧髂总动脉及髂外动脉闭塞1例,髂外动脉闭塞2例,股浅动脉闭塞2例。在单向内膜下再通时,进入真腔失败后而在患肢闭塞动脉远端血管穿刺,使用导丝从病变对侧进入闭塞段内膜下,在病变内膜下腔,采用导丝贯穿至对侧导管技术,成功后,将导丝从对侧导管引出体外,然后用球囊扩张成型并植入支架。结果 本组5例患者均成功完成双向内膜下再通,共植入支架9枚。结论 双向内膜下再通可以作为单向内膜下再通进入真腔失败时的补救方法,可有效提高血管成形术的成功率。     

支架植入对股腘动脉闭塞性病变内膜下成形术后通畅率的影响

目的采用内膜下成形和(或)支架植入治疗股腘动脉闭塞性病变的临床疗效及支架植入对术后通畅率的影响。方法 2007年1月至2009年5月收治下肢股腘动脉闭塞患者43例(43条肢体),其中24例(非支架组)行单纯内膜下成形术,其余19例患者(支架组)在内膜下成形后一期行支架植术。术后行CTA或多普勒超声检查,对部分再狭窄或闭塞病变行再次介入治疗。术后随访1～27个月。结果术后12个月保肢率为98%(42/43),围手术期并发症发生率为7%(3/43),2年死亡率为7%(3/43)。随访期内22例出现再狭窄或闭塞,其中非支架组3例闭塞发生在术后1个月内;共有12条肢体行再次介入治疗。非支架组6、12和24个月的一期通畅率分别为83.3%±7.6%、74.0%±9.2%和56.1%±13.5%;支架组分别为89.5%±7.0%、77.5%±9.9%和32.2%±16.6%。非支架组12、24个月的一期辅助通畅率分别为90.9%±6.1%和64.2%±14.7%;支架组分别为94.4%±5.4%和39.0%±15.9%);支架组和非支架组整体间差异均无统计学意义P>0.05。远端血管通畅数目、股腘动脉闭塞类型和吸烟史对内膜下成形术后2年内一期通畅率有显著影响(r=-4.417,2.502,3.115;Sχ=1.627,0.955,1.523;P=0.007,0.009,0.041)。结论内膜下成形术后不必常规行支架植入;支架植入不会改善术后2年期内的通畅率;2年期内通畅率与周围血管条件密切相关,吸烟也对预后有重要影响。     

长球囊在膝下段动脉腔内成形术中的应用

目的 探讨长球囊在膝下段动脉血管成形术治疗中的应用价值.资料与方法 采用长球囊对19例以膝下动脉硬化闭塞性病变为主的Ⅱ型糖尿病患者共21条下肢行血管腔内成形术,同时经保留导管局部灌注抗凝溶栓,扩血管药物治疗.结果 21条患肢中,技术成功18条,成功率85.7%,术后随访3～9个月,52.4% (11/21)下肢发凉、麻木疼痛消失,47.6% (10/21)下肢发凉、麻木疼痛不同程度缓解,1例足部溃疡愈合,1例足部坏死行部分足切除.21条患肢踝臂指数(ABI)由术前0.58±0.13升至术后0.89±0.15及最近一次随访测量值0.85±0.14(P＜0.05).结论 使用长球囊行膝下段动脉血管成形术治疗安全可行,近期疗效确切.     

内膜下再通术治疗外周动脉完全闭塞性病变

目的探讨内膜下再通技术（SIR）治疗外周动脉粥样硬化闭塞病变的技术要点和疗效。方法使用内膜下再通技术治疗18例患者的20处外周动脉完全闭塞病变。闭塞病变分别位于下肢动脉（髂股动脉14处、膝以下动脉4处）和左锁骨下动脉（2处）。内膜下再通的基本操作步骤：血管造影后导管抵近闭塞动脉近端，使用直径0．035in（1in=2．54cm）的TERUMO超滑导丝，穿通动脉内膜后在闭塞段动脉内膜下腔中前行，通过闭塞段后重入动脉真腔。建立闭塞段动脉内膜下通道后使用球囊扩张成形。除膝以下动脉和1处髂动脉之外，均在开通的内膜下通道起始部或全程置放自膨式支架。结果15例患者的17处病变内膜下再通治疗获得成功，临床症状显著改善。无动脉穿孔、血栓形成或动脉粥样硬化斑块脱落栓塞等并发症。3例技术失败患者临床症状无变化，失败原因分别是导丝不能重入内膜真腔和内膜下腔，扩张成形不满意。结论内膜下再通技术治疗外周动脉闭塞病变可行性强、疗效显著、安全性良好、技术相对简便；在治疗比较复杂的动脉闭塞病变时是传统经皮血管腔内成形术（PTA）的重要补充手段。     

双向内膜下技术在锁骨下动脉闭塞血管内治疗中的应用北大核心CSCD

目的探讨锁骨下动脉闭塞血管内治疗中导丝无法回入真腔时应用双向内膜下技术——顺逆行内膜下动脉成形术(SAFARI)提高治疗成功率的可行性及安全性。方法回顾性分析2013年8月至2016年6月收治的11例症状性锁骨下动脉闭塞患者临床资料,其中男8例,女3例,平均年龄67(61~74)岁,均于开通闭塞血管失败后通过SAFARI技术重建锁骨下动脉。结果 10例患者通过SAFARI技术实现了锁骨下动脉再通并一期植入支架(平均长度46.4 mm),1例失败,技术成功率为90.9%。术后未发生严重并发症。电话随访6~36个月,未发现支架内再狭窄。结论 SAFARI技术治疗钙化严重、阻塞较长的锁骨下动脉闭塞安全有效,可进一步提高血管内治疗成功率。     

锁骨下动脉狭窄的经皮血管球囊成形术及内支架治疗

目的 评价并比较经皮血管球囊成形术及内支架治疗对动脉粥样硬化及大动脉炎所致锁骨下动脉狭窄梗阻性病变的治疗效果。方法 １３例锁骨下动脉狭窄梗阻性病变患者,病因为动脉粥样硬化７例,大动脉炎６例。其中锁骨下动脉狭窄８例,完全闭塞５例,均实施了介入治疗。６例单纯行经皮血管球囊成形术,６例置入血管内支架,１例介入治疗失败。结果 １２例行经皮血管内成形术（ＰＴＡ）或血管内支架置入治疗获成功,６例分别置入Ｓｔｒ     

Always Contact a Vascular Interventional Specialist Before Amputating a Patient with Critical Limb Ischemia

Patients with severe critical limb ischemia (CLI) due to long tibial artery occlusions are often poor candidates for surgical revascularization and frequently end up with a lower limb amputation. Subintimal angioplasty (SA) offers a minimally invasive alternative for limb salvage in this severely compromised patient population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the results of SA in patients with CLI caused by long tibial occlusions who have no surgical options for revascularization and are facing amputation. We retrospectively reviewed all consecutive patients with CLI due to long tibial occlusions who were scheduled for amputation because they had no surgical options for revascularization and who were treated by SA. A total of 26 procedures in 25 patients (14 males; mean age, 70 ± 15 [SD] years) were evaluated. Technical success rate was 88% (23/26). There were four complications, which were treated conservatively. Finally, in 10 of 26 limbs, no amputation was needed. A major amputation was needed in 10 limbs (7 below-knee amputations and 3 above-knee amputations). Half of the major amputations took place within 3 months after the procedure. Cumulative freedom of major amputation after 12 months was 59% (SE = 11%). In six limbs, amputation was limited to a minor amputation. Seven patients (28%) died during follow-up. In conclusion, SA of the tibial arteries seem to be a valuable treatment option to prevent major amputation in patients with CLI who are facing amputation due to lack of surgical options.     

The use of below-knee percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in arterial occlusive disease causing chronic critical limb ischemia

Purpose To determine the efficacy, safety and long-term results of crural artery percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in limbs with chronic critical limb ischemia (CLI). Methods Patients undergoing crural artery PTA due to CLI were followed at regular clinic visits with ankle brachial pressure index (ABPI) measurements. PTA of the crural arteries was attempted either alone (n=39) or in combination with PTA of the superficial and/or popliteal artery (n=55) in 86 limbs (82 patients and 94 procedures) presenting with CLI. The ages of patients ranged from 37 to 94 years (mean 72 years). The indications for PTA were rest pain in 10 and ulcer/gangrene in 84 limbs. Results A technically successful PTA with at least one crural level was achieved in 88% of cases (n=83). Cumulative primary clinical success rates at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months were 55%, 51%, 36%, and 36%, respectively. Cumulative secondary clinical success and limb salvage rates at 36 months were 44% and 72%, respectively. Conclusion PTA of the crural arteries might be considered the primary choice of treatment in patients with CLI and distal lesions with localized stenosis or segmental short occlusions.     

The final outcome of primary infrainguinal percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in 100 consecutive patients with chronic critical limb ischemia

PURPOSE: This study was performed to determine final outcomes in patients treated with infrainguinal percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for chronic critical limb ischemia (CLI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population consisted of 100 consecutive patients (mean age, 72 y; range, 38-90 y; 40 men and 60 women) with 116 treated limbs. CLI was defined as rest pain or ischemic tissue defect combined with an ankle systolic pressure < or = 50 mm Hg. Indication for treatment was rest pain in 23 limbs (20%), ischemic ulcer in 50 (43%), and gangrene in 43 (37%). All patients were followed until they had met the study endpoints: major amputation or death. The mean follow-up period was 38 months (1-119 mo). Limb salvage, survival, and life with limb rates were determined along with their determinants. RESULTS: On average, 1.9 invasive procedures were required during the lifespan of a critically ischemic limb, including primary PTA and 32 repeat PTA procedures, 11 surgical revascularizations, and 51 amputations. The major amputation rate was 32% (n = 37). Limb salvage for endovascular treatments at 3, 5, and 8 years was 65%, 60%, and 60%, respectively (SE of estimate [SEE] 相似文献   

Outcomes of Drug-Coated Balloon Angioplasty for Isolated Chronic Occlusion of the Popliteal Artery: A Retrospective Single-Institution Study

PurposeTo assess the 12-month safety and effectiveness of paclitaxel drug-coated balloon (DCB) for the treatment of patients with isolated chronic occlusions in popliteal arteries and evaluate the risk factors of lesion reocclusion.Materials and MethodsFrom January 2018 to December 2019, DCB angioplasty was performed in 54 limbs with isolated chronic popliteal artery occlusion of 48 patients (32 men) with a mean age of 71.5 ± 12.1 (range, 50–97) years, mean occlusive length of 6.3 ± 3.0 (range, 1–15) cm, and mean preoperative ankle-brachial index (ABI) of 0.42 ± 0.12 (range, 0.19–0.58). A total of 18.5% (10/54) of lesions were long-segment occlusions involving the entire popliteal artery from P1 to P3. Twenty seven of 54 limbs presented with critical limb ischemia (CLI) with a mean ABI of 0.33 ± 0.10 (range, 0.19–0.51). The primary endpoint was primary patency rate at 12 months. The secondary endpoints included technical success rate, 1-year secondary patency rate, limb salvage rate, and improvement in clinical symptoms. Univariate Cox regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of lesion reocclusion.ResultsThe technical success rate was 85.2% (46/54), and bailout stenting was performed in 14.8% (8/54) of lesions. The 12-month primary and secondary patency rates by the Kaplan–Meier estimate were 72.6% and 88.3%, respectively. Two thirds of the reocclusions occurred within 6 months after intervention. No 30-day mortality was observed. The limb salvage rate was 100% during a mean follow-up period of 13 months, and all minor amputations occurred in the limbs presented with CLI. The mean ABI increased from 0.42 before the procedure to 0.73 after the procedure. Patients younger than 60 years and the lesions exhibiting long-segment occlusions present as trending risk factors for lesion reocclusion.ConclusionsPaclitaxel DCB angioplasty is safe and effective in managing isolated chronic occlusion of popliteal arteries. Younger patients and long-segment occlusions of the popliteal artery are associated with a relatively higher reocclusion rate after the procedure.     

糖尿病足下肢动脉硬化症的介入治疗

目的探讨糖尿病足患者下肢动脉硬化症血管介入治疗的方法及其临床价值。资料与方法采用Seldinger技术,经股动脉顺行或逆行穿刺插管,对12例患者15条患肢行数字减影血管造影(DSA),对下肢动脉行球囊成形术联合释放支架,并于2周、4周对比跟踪治疗效果。结果所有手术均成功,患肢血流均明显改善;治疗后4周麻木、疼痛、皮温低、发紫等临床症状较治疗前有明显的改善(χ2=6.85,χ2=6.95,χ2=7.02,χ2=7.33,P均<0.01);治疗后4周踝肱指数(ABI)(0.80±0.13)明显高于治疗前(0.62±0.10)(t=3.412,P<0.01);治疗后4周管腔狭窄程度较治疗前有明显的改善(χ2=6.35,χ2=6.84,χ2=6.92,P均<0.01);超声示血管内径治疗后较治疗前增加(t=0.412,P<0.05)。结论介入治疗糖尿病足,微创、安全、有效,对糖尿病足下肢动脉介入治疗近期疗效满意,可明显改善患肢血供。     

经皮腔内血管成形术治疗糖尿病足的临床研究

目的 评价经皮腔内血管成形术治疗糖尿病足的临床价值.资料与方法 回顾性分析糖尿病足患者资料28例,息肢32条,治疗使用专用球囊进行扩张,观察术中血管再通及治疗前后病情改善情况.结果 所有患者血管内治疗均获成功,肢体血供明显改善,有效促进糖尿病足溃疡愈合.结论 经皮腔内血管成形术治疗糖尿病足安全、有效,具有十分重要的临床价值,值得临床上广泛推广.     

膝下动脉球囊成形术及溶栓介入治疗糖尿病足的价值(附19例分析)

目的:探讨膝下动脉球囊成形术及保留导管溶栓术在介入治疗糖尿病足的临床价值。方法:对19例糖尿病足患者介入术前行CTA检查,对31个下肢用Seldinger技术,经股动脉顺行穿刺插管,分别对膝下动脉病变采用经血管腔内球囊成形术、保留导管溶栓术等多种介入治疗方法。结果:介入治疗后患肢血流改善明显,狭窄性病变开通率明显大于闭塞性病变。皮温明显升高,行走距离显著增加,溃疡愈合加快。结论:膝下动脉球囊成形术及保留导管溶栓治疗微创、安全、有效,可以改善糖尿病足下肢动脉血供,近期疗效令人满意。     

经肺动脉血管内栓塞治疗难治性大咯血

目的 了解经体动脉(SA)栓塞术后无效或合并SA栓塞禁忌证的难治性大咯血的肺动脉(PA)造影表现,评价经PA血管内栓塞治疗的效果.方法 102例接受血管内栓塞治疗咯血患者,6例大咯血者在SA栓塞术后无法即刻止血,1例大咯血者支气管动脉栓塞后无效合并其他SA栓塞禁忌证.7例中原发病为慢性空洞型肺结核3例、慢性空洞型肺结核合并曲菌球1例、结核性支气管扩张1例、重症坏死性肺炎1例和支气管扩张合并肺大疱1例.对其行患侧的主PA造影,对病变部位的PA远端行选择性插管造影,对发现的病理性血管行栓塞治疗,并随访观察临床疗效.结果 SA造影均可见体-肺动脉分流,通过分流发现假性肺动脉瘤(PAPA)2例和PA末梢瘤样扩张2例.主PA造影发现1例PAPA外,其余均表现为病变部位的PA呈低灌注.对6例低灌注的病变部位PA行选择性插管造影发现PAPA 4例,其中1例对比剂直接外溢;PA末梢瘤样扩张2例.对以上病理性血管应用弹簧圈进行栓塞.术后均即刻止血,除1例术后仍有反复痰中带血,2例分别于术后6 d和15 d死于重症感染和呼吸衰竭(期间无咯血),其余患者未再咯血.结论 难治性大咯血需考虑PA出血,PAPA是其主要形式;主PA造影常表现为病变部位的PA低灌注,此时PA选择性插管造影是必要的,且经其行血管内栓塞治疗是有效和安全的.     

AMS INSIGHT—Absorbable Metal Stent Implantation for Treatment of Below-the-Knee Critical Limb Ischemia: 6-Month Analysis

Endoluminal treatment of infrapopliteal artery lesions is a matter of controversy. Bioabsorbable stents are discussed as a means to combine mechanical prevention of vessel recoil with the advantages of long-term perspectives. The possibility of not having a permanent metallic implant could permit the occurrence of positive remodeling with lumen enlargement to compensate for the development of new lesions. The present study was designed to investigate the safety of absorbable metal stents (AMSs) in the infrapopliteal arteries based on 1- and 6-month clinical follow-up and efficacy based on 6-month angiographic patency. One hundred seventeen patients with 149 lesions with chronic limb ischemia (CLI) were randomized to implantation of an AMS (60 patients, 74 lesions) or stand-alone percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA; 57 patients, 75 lesions). Seven PTA-group patients “crossed over” to AMS stenting. The study population consisted of patients with symptomatic CLI (Rutherford categories 4 and 5) and de novo stenotic (>50%) or occlusive atherosclerotic disease of the infrapopliteal arteries who presented with a reference diameter of between 3.0 and 3.5 mm and a lesion length of <15 mm. The primary safety endpoint was defined as absence of major amputation and/or death within 30 days after index intervention and the primary efficacy endpoint was the 6-month angiographic patency rate as confirmed by core-lab quantitative vessel analysis. The 30-day complication rate was 5.3% (3/57) and 5.0% (3/60) in patients randomized for PTA alone and PTA followed by AMS implantation, respectively. On an intention-to-treat basis, the 6-month angiographic patency rate for lesions treated with AMS (31.8%) was significantly lower (p = 0.013) than the rate for those treated with PTA (58.0%). Although the present study indicates that the AMS technology can be safely applied, it did not demonstrate efficacy in long-term patency over standard PTA in the infrapopliteal vessels. For a complete list of authors and their contributions, see the Table 6. An erratum to this article can be found at