热重技术研究α—Fe2O3超微粒等温还原动力学及机理

采用ＴＧ、ＸＲＤ、ＨＲＥＭ研究了拓硅针形超微粒α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３在氮氢混合气中等温还原机理，并给出了等温还原动力学方程。ＴＧ研究结果表明，掺硅α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３的等温还原过程符合缩核机理模型，ＨＲＥＭ照片也证实了这点；掺硅α－ＦｅＯ３的等温还原动力学符合ＥｒｏＦｅｅｖ方程，     

烷基硫酸钠对MMA种子乳液聚合的影响

研究了烷基硫酸钠纯度，烷基碳链分布对甲基丙烯酸甲酯种子乳液聚合反应的影响。结果表明，烷基硫酸钠中乙醇不溶物含量的增加，可提高ＭＭＡ乳液聚合反应速度，在采用Ｋ２Ｓ２Ｏ８－ＮａＨＳＯ３－Ｃｕ＾２＋三元氧化－还原引发体系的ＭＭＡ乳液聚合中，Ｆｅ＾２＋降低反应速率，而Ｆｅ＾３＋则提高聚合反应速率；     

酸法铁黄脱水过程微观机制

采用ＤＴＡ、ＴＧ、ＴＥＭ、ＸＲＤ、ＨＲＥＭ等研究了酸法铁黄脱水过程中相变及孔洞产生的变化机理。发现α－ＦｅＯＯＨ在２７５～３１０℃完成向α－Ｆｅ＿２Ｏ＿３的转变，沿颗粒针形方向形成片状α－Ｆｅ＿２Ｏ＿３相与狭长脱水通边交替排列的组织，且随温度升高，狭长通道缩短变粗，至５００℃左右时，则转变成零星分布的圆孔。通过分析α－ＦｅＯＯＨ与α－Ｆｅ＿２Ｏ＿３的拓扑转变过程，认为交替组织是α－ＦｅＯＯＨ沿［１００］方向收缩至２５％的结果。颗粒内部空位浓度梯度的存在是导致空洞形态衍变主要原因。     

α—FeOOH脱水过程后期的封孔机制

采用Ｇｅｒｍａｎ和Ｍｕｎｉｒ提出的烧结动力学，对文题进行了研究。结果表明，在α－ＦｅＯＯＨ分解成ａ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３的过程中，随着温度升高，产生的孔洞通过颗粒内部的晶核表面扩散的烧结机制逐渐消失。对于包敷ＳｉＯ２的样品，相应的烧结活化能增加。当焙烧温度太高，会出现颗粒之间彼此烧结，并且未包敷的样品更易烧结。     

掺杂金属离子对α－FeOOH的形态调节作用

采用ＴＥＭ、ＨＲＥＭ、ＤＴＡ和ＸＲＤ等表征方法，研究了掺杂Ｎｉ￣（２＋）、Ｃｒ￣（３＋）、Ｌａ￣（３＋）和Ｃｅ￣（３＋）四种金属阳离子对α－ＦｅＯＯＨ粒子形态的影响及其作用机制。结果表明，掺杂Ｎｉ￣（２＋）和Ｃｒ￣（３＋）可明显提高α－ＦｅＯＯＨ粒子的轴比，而掺杂Ｌａ￣（３＋）和Ｃｅ￣（３＋）则不能；Ｎｉ￣（２＋）、Ｌａ￣（３＋）和Ｃｅ￣（３＋）亦可抑制ａ－ＦｅＯＯＨ枝叉的形成。研究发现，杂质离子改变了铁黄表面和本体结构，且提高铁黄粒子轴比的作用源于其抑制α－ＦｅＯＯＨ短轴方向（１２０）晶面的生长速率。     

均匀纺锤形α—FeOOH微晶制备过程

在过程分析的基础上，以Ｎａ２ＣＯ３作为沉淀剂，在ＦｅＳＯ４溶液中形成Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）２－ＦｅＣＯ３沉淀，通入空气氧化制备了均匀纺锤形α－ＦｅＯＯＨ微晶。研究了碱比、通气量、温度、浓度、搅拌转速以及加料方式等对制备过程以及纺缍形铁黄形态的影响规律，并制备出粒度为０．２μｍ，轴比为３～４，均匀、无枝杈的纺锤形α－ＦｅＯＯＨ粒子。实验验证了该过程为传质控制。     

柔红霉素体外对HL-60细胞的凋亡作用

目的：了解柔红霉素（ＤＮＲ）体外作用于ＨＬ－６０　细胞时产生凋亡的规律及一些相关蛋白表达的变化。方法：应用光镜、ＤＮＡ电泳及ＦＣＭ检测ＨＬ－６０细胞发生的凋亡模式；用ＩＣ、ＦＣＭ观察相关蛋白的变化。结果：当ＤＮＲ浓度为０．２μＭ～２μＭ时，ＨＬ－６０细胞发生的凋亡率随浓度的增加与作用时间的延长而升高，可见典型的凋亡细胞及明显的ＤＮＡ梯度条带。１μＭ　ＤＮＲ作用２ｈ时，ｂｃｌ－２与ｃ－ｍｙｃ的荧光强度指数（ＦＩ）降低，ｂａｘ、ｃａｓｐａｓｅ－３　的　ＦＩ　升高；而作用５ｈ时，ｂａｘ、ｃａｓｐａｓｅ－３的ＦＩ值反而降低。结论：一定浓度的ＤＮＲ在体外可诱导ＨＬ－６０细胞凋亡，它可抑制ｂｃｌ－２与ｃ－ｍｙｃ蛋白的表达，而激活ｂａｘ、ｃａｓｐａｓｅ－３蛋白的表达。     

丙烯氨氧化催化剂物化性能研究：Ⅱ.催化剂失活前后的结构表征

采用ＸＲＤ，ＩＲ，Ｍｏｂａｕｅｒ ＥＳＲ，ＸＰＳ，ＳＥＭ和孔结构分析等分析测试手段，对比研究了新鲜，失活和再生三种丙烯氨氧化催化剂的体相结构和表面性质。结果表明，新鲜催化剂中各元素以Ｆｅ２（ＭｏＯ４），α－ＣｏＭｏＯ４，ＮｉＭｏＯ４，γ－Ｂｉ２Ｏ３．ＭｏＯ３，α－Ｂｉ２Ｏ３．３ＭｏＯ３，η－ＭｏＯ３，α－Ｂｉ２Ｏ３和β－Ｂｉ２Ｏ３形式存在２；失活催化剂中，部分Ｆｅ２（ＭｏＯ４）３转变为α－Ｆｅ－Ｍ     

Fe3O4氧化制备γ—Fe2O3磁粉过程动力学

通过对文题的研究，发现反应初期为动力学控制，对［Ｆｅ２＋］为三级反应，频率因子为３．８７×１０１２１ｍｉｎ－１，活化能为１０９．８ｋＪ／ｍｏ１；反应后期为传质控制，对［Ｆｅ２＋］为一级反应，频率因子为５．８７×１０６ｍｉｎ－１，活化能为３５．５ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。氧分压对宏观反应速率影响不显著，在整个反应过程中反应速率对［Ｏ２］为０．２级反应。还得到了氧化过程的优化串级温度序列。     

1-烯丙基氯-3对神经细胞胞浆膜和线粒体膜Ca~(2+)-ATPase、Na~+/K~+-ATPase活性的影响

用鸡胚脑神经细胞研究１－烯丙基氯－３对细胞胞浆膜和线粒体膜Ｃａ２＋ＡＴＰａｓｅ、Ｎａ＋／Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性的影响。结果表明，胞浆膜Ｃａ２＋－ＰＴＰａｓｅ和Ｎａ／Ｋ＋ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性随毒物剂量增加而明显增高，染毒组与对照组相比差异均有显著性（Ｐ＜０。０１）：线粒体膜Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性随毒物剂量增加而有下降趋势；Ｎａ＋／Ｋ＋ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性则呈增加趋势。酶组化染色结果显示，Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性与对照组相比明显增加，黑色沉淀明显增多。提示１－烯丙基氯－３中毒后可引起神经钩胞Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ和Ｎａ＋／Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性改变，这可能与中毒后细胞胞浆和线粒体内的Ｃａ２＋、Ｎａ＋、Ｋ＋的浓度改变有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.