PI3K/Akt signaling regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition of peritoneal mesothelial cells in peritoneal dialysis

Objective To investigate the role of PI3K/Akt signaling in the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs) in peritoneal dialysis in vitro and in vivo. Methods The level of Phosphorylated serine/threonine kinase Akt and the expression of EMT associated gene and protein, including ZO-1, Vimentin and FN, were measured in mice EMT model. In vitro study, phosphorylation level and nuclear translocation of Akt, ZO - 1 and Vimentin expression induced by TGF - β1 in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) were also observed. Moreover, HPMCs were pre-treated by one of PI3K/Akt inhibitor, LY294002, or transfected with dominant-negative Akt plasmid to inhibit PI3K/Akt signaling, then analyzed its effect on Zo-1 and Vimentin expression induced by TGF-β1. Results Compared with the control, thickened parietal peritoneum and remarkable decrease in mRNA and protein of the epithelial marker ZO-1, and notable increased in the expression of mesenchymal markers Vimentin and FN were observed in PD mice (all P＜0.01). Moreover, the phosphorylation of Akt also significantly increased under above condition (P＜ 0.01). In vitro study, with the stimulation of TGF-β1, the expression of Zo-1 was down-regulated, while the expression of Vimentin increased (all P＜0.01). In addition, TGF-β1 remarkably increased pAkt in HPMCs (all P＜0.01) in dose-dependent. However, LY294002 and DN-Akt dramatically inhibited the vimentin expression in HPMCs induced by TGF-β1 after inhibition of pAkt. On the other hand, the expression of ZO - 1 also was restored (P＜0.01). Conclusion PI3K/Akt signaling is involved in EMT of peritoneal mesothelial cells in peritoneal dialysis, and may be a new target for the prevention and treatment of peritoneal fibrosis during PD.     

Expression of miR-200a in peritoneal fibrosis associated with peritoneal dialysis

Objective To find the key miRNA that relative to peritoneal fibrosis associated with peritoneal dialysis (PD) by microarray technology, and verify its expression in vitro and in vivo. Methods The peritoneal fibrosis mouse model associated with PD were established by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) + 4.25% peritoneal dialysate. The expression of miRNA was detected by microarray in peritoneal tissues. The expression of miRNA profiles between fibrotic and normal peritoneal tissues was compared. The differentially expressed miRNA (miR-200a) was validated by real-time PCR in lager sample size cohorts. The expressions of miR-200a were also detected in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of human peritoneal mesothelium cells. Results In mice model of PD, peritoneal tissue was markedly thickened and with a massive extracellular matrix accumulation. In contrast with control, the expression level of epithelial marker E - cadherin was significantly decreased, α - SMA, Col - I and FN were remarkably increased (P ﹤ 0.05). By miRNA microarray analysis, miR - 200a was significantly down - regulated (3.31 folds change, P ﹤ 0.05) in fibrotic peritoneal tissues. The down-regulated expression level of miR-200a was also validated by real- time PCR in larger cohorts (P ﹤ 0.05). Then, the expression level of miR-200a was detected in the EMT process of human peritoneal mesothelium cells. During the process of TGF-β1 induced EMT, miR -200a was significantly down-regulated compared with the control (P﹤0.05). Conclusions Down- regulated expression of miR-200a was observed both during peritoneal fibrosis and TGF-β1 induced EMT in vivo and in vitro, suggesting that miR - 200a may be involved in the peritoneum fibrosis by regulating the target genes of EMT.     

MiR-122-5p promotes peritoneal fibrosis in a rat model of peritoneal dialysis by targeting Smad5 to activate Wnt/β-catenin pathway

Peritoneal fibrosis (PF) is the main reason leading to declining efficiency and ultrafiltration failure of peritoneum, which restricts the application of peritoneal dialysis (PD). We aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of miR-122-5p on the PF. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were infused with glucose-based standard PD fluid to establish PF model. HE staining was performed to evaluate the extent of PF. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed to measure the expression level of miR-122-5p. Western blot was used to test the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-A, Fibronectin 1 (FN1), extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1), Smad5, α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), collagen type 1(COL-1), Vimentin, E-Cadherin, Wnt1, β-catenin, p-β-catenin, c-Myc, c-Jun, and Cyclin D1. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was used to detect type I collagen alpha 1 (Col1α1), α-SMA, and E-Cadherin expression. We found PF was glucose concentration-dependently enhanced in peritoneum of PD rat. The PD rats showed increased miR-122-5p and decreased Smad5 expression. MiR-122-5p silencing improved PF and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in PD rats. MiR-122-5p silencing attenuated the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Importantly, dual-luciferase reporter assay showed Smad5 was a target gene of miR-122-5p. Smad5 overexpression significantly reversed the increases of PF and EMT progression induced by miR-122-5p overexpression. Moreover, miR-122-5p mimic activated Wnt/β-catenin activity, which was blocked by Smad5 overexpression. Overall, present results demonstrated that miR-122-5p overexpression showed a deterioration effect on PD-related PF by targeting Smad5 to activate Wnt/β-catenin pathway.     

Effect of fluvastatin on transforming growth factor beta 1 expression in peritoneal dialysis rats model

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of fluvastatin on TGF-β1 expression in a rat model of peritoneal dialysis(PD). MethodsA rat model of PD was built by intraperitoneal injection of 2.5% or 4.25% peritoneal dialysate. SD rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: (1) Normal control group; (2)Saline control group: saline 100 ml/kg intraperitoneal injection(IP) each day; (3) Fluvastatin treatment group: fluvastatin intragastrically administration 10 mg/kg each day; (4) 2.5% PD group: 2.5% peritoneal dialysate IP 100 ml/kg everyday; (5)4.25% PD group: 4.25% peritoneal dialysate IP 100 ml/kg everyday; (6)2.5% PD plus fluvastatin treatment group: 2.5% peritoneal dialysate IP 100 ml/kg plus fluvastatin 10 mg/kg everyday; (7)4.25% PD plus fluvastatin treatment group: 4.25% peritoneal dialysate IP 100 ml/kg plus fluvastatin 10 mg/kg everyday. The rats were sacrificed at 6 weeks and peritoneal tissues were dissected. The expressions of TGF-β1 and FN were examined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical analysis. Masson staining was used for histological examination. ResultsMasson staining showed that the peritoneum thickened in 2.5% and 4.25% PD group than in normal control group and saline control group. The fluvastatin treatment ameliorated the thickening of peritoneum induced by PD. RT-PCR and immunohistochemical analysis showed that the mRNA and protein expression of TGF- β1 and FN increased in 2.5% and 4.25% PD group than in normal and saline control group (all P＜0.05). The fluvastatin treatment ameliorated the increased expression of TGF-β1 and FN induced by PD. There was no statistically significant difference among normal control group, saline control group and fluvastatin treatment group in both peritoneal thickness and the expression of TGF-β1 and FN. ConclusionFluvastatin can reduce the increased expressions of TGF -β1 and FN in rat peritoneum and ameliorate the thickening of peritoneum induced by PD.     

Circulating miRNA-130b-3p promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in renal tubular epithelial cells by inhibiting expression of ERBB2IP and PPARγ

Objective To investigate a possible molecular mechanism of MiRNA-130b-3p involved in renal damage. Methods Human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) were transfected with MiR-130b-3p mimics or normal control mimics. Then HK-2 cells were stimulated with 10 μg/L recombinant TGF-β1 for 72 h. After 72 h, the mRNA and protein expression of Collegen Ⅳ, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), Collegen Ⅰand E-cadherin were quantified by real-time PCR and Western blotting. The mRNA and protein expression of ERBB2IP and PPARγ were also detected. The reporter plasmids containing ERBB2IP 3'-UTR and PPARγ 3'-UTR were constructed. The activity of ERBB2IP and PPARγ were detected by dual luciferase report system. Results Compared to NC mimic group,transfection of HK-2 cells with MiR-130b-3p mimics resulted in significantly increased expression of mRNA and protein of Collegen Ⅳ, α-SMA, Collegen Ⅰ, and decreased expression of E-cadherin after stimulating by TGF-β1 (all P＜0.05). And MiR-130b-3p mimic could significantly down-regulate the mRNA and protein expression of ERBB2IP and PPARγ in HK-2 cells (all P＜0.05) whether in the presence of TGF-β1 or not. The dual luciferase reporter assay showed that MiR-130b-3p induced decreased ERBB2IP 3'-UTR luciferase activity compared to NC mimic group, but there was no significant difference between NC mimic group and mut-MiR-130b-3p mimic group. MiR-130b-3p mimic+mut-PPARγ-3'UTR cotransfection group had lower PPARγ luciferase activity than NC mimic + mut-PPARγ-3'UTR group , and MiR-130b-3p+PPARγ-3'UTR group got lower further (all P＜0.01). Conclusions MiR-130b-3p promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in renal tubular epithelial cells by directly targeting at the 3'-UTR of ERBB2IP and PPARγ, which may play an important role in renal damage of early stage lupus nephritis.     

Effect of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway on epithelial mesenchymal transition of the peritoneum in uremic peritoneal dialysis rats

Objective To investigate whether the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway is involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of peritoneal mesothelial cells in uremic peritoneal dialysis (PD) rats. Methods A total of 48 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly separated into six groups: normal control group (NC group, n=8), sham group (n=8), uremic group (n=8), PD group (n=8), S3I-201 control group (n=8) and S3I-201 group (n=8). Uremic model generated by 5/6 nephrectomy surgery in rats was established. The rats of PD group, S3I-201 control group and S3I-201 group received daily infusion of 4.25% glucose-based peritoneal dialysate fluid (3 ml/100 g) from PD catheters for 28 days. Rats of S3I-201 group were injected with STAT3 inhibitor S3I-201 (2.5 mg/kg) solution from the catheters every other day; the same dose of the solvent of S3I-201 was simultaneously given to S3I-201 control group rats. After PD for 28 days, peritoneal function, pathologic changes, and microvessel density (MVD) were evaluated. Creatinine, urea nitrogen and interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentration in blood and dialysate, and protein and mRNA levels of phospho-JAK2 (p-JAK2), phospho-STAT3 (p-STAT3), E-cadherin, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in peritoneum were determined. Results Uremia and peritoneal dialysate could aggravate the peritoneal function and elevate peritoneal thickness and MVD. They could also increased the concentration of IL-6 in blood and dialysate and the expression levels of α-SMA, VEGF, p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 in peritoneum, while lowering E-cadherin expression in peritoneum. These manifestations were even more remarkable in PD group compared to those in uremic group. There was no statistical difference between the S3I-201 control group and the PD group as regards all the index (all P＞0.05). Compared with the S3I-201 control group, the rats treated with S3I-201 showed better peritoneal function. S3I-201 could reduce peritoneal thickness (P＜0.05), MVD (P＜0.05), the concentration of IL-6 in blood and dialysate, the mRNA and protein expression of α-SMA, VEGF, p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 (all P＜0.05), while enhance the mRNA and protein expression of E-cadherin (all P＜0.05). Conclusions After STAT3 is inhibited, the peritoneal thickness, MVD and IL-6 concentration in PD rats are decreased, and EMT is also inhibited, while peritoneal function is improved. The JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway may thus be involved in the process of EMT of peritoneum in uremic peritoneal dialysis rats by regulating the expression of IL-6.     

Expression of Na＋-dependent glucose transporter 1 and 2 in peritoneum of peritoneal dialysis patients

Objective To investigate the expression of Na＋-dependent glucose transporter (SGLT) in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) and vascular endothelial cells in peritoneal tissues of peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients at different dialysis vintages, and to study the influence of high glucose treatment on the expression of SGLT1 and SGLT2 in primary HPMCs. Methods According to the dialysis vintage, PD patients were divided into four groups: 0 year group, ＞0-2 years group, ＞2-4 years group and＞4 years group. HE and Masson staining were used to observe the morphologic changes of peritoneal tissues in PD patients. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of SGLT1 and SGLT2 in peritoneal HPMCs and vascular endothelial cells. The primary HPMCs were extracted from the peritoneal dialysis fluid, and treated with high-glucose or high-mannitol for 0 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h. Western blotting was used to investigate the SGLT1 and SGLT 2 expression in HPMCs. The cell viability was detected by using cell counting kit (CCK-8). Results HE and Masson staining showed that the peritoneum of PD patients in 0 year group was smooth and continuous, with a flat layer of HPMCs. The number of HPMCs in＞0-2 years group decreased compared with that in 0 year group. The HPMCs size increased in＞2-4 years group, but the number decreased. The peritoneum of PD patients in＞4 years group was significantly thickened and fibrotic, and HPMCs almost disappeared. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of SGLT1 and SGLT2 in HPMCs gradually decreased with the increase of dialysis vintage (P＜0.05). The wall of peritoneal blood vessel became thicken, but the expression of SGLT1 and SGLT2 was not statistically different among four groups (P＞0.05). SGLT1 in primary HPMCs could be up-regulated (0 h, 12 h and 24 h), and then down-regulated (24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h) with the treatment of 60 mmol/L glucose (P=0.029); but there was no significant difference of SGLT2. Conclusion High glucose and the increase of dialysis vintage can reduce the number and the viability of HPMCs, and decrease the expression of SGLT1 and SGLT2, but there was no significant influence on SGLT1 and SGLT2 in peritoneal vascular endothelial cells.     

Role and mechanism of microRNA-15b in the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition of peritoneal mesothelial cells

Objective To explore the role and mechanism of microRNA-15b in the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs). Methods PCR assay was used to determine the expression of microRNA-15b in the HMrSV5 induced by 138 mmol/L high glucose for 24 h. MicroRNA-15b mimic or inhibitor was transfected into human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HMrSV5) to over-express or down-regulate microRNA-15b. The cells were then incubated with 138 mmol/L high glucose for 24 h, and the expressions of E-cadherin(E-Cad), Vimentin(VIM), Fibronectin(FN) and Smad7 were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting respectively. Results microRNA-15b in the HMrSV5 cells was over-expressed and down-regulated. Increased level of microRNA-15b was obtained in HMrSV5 cells treated with high glucose. In vitro, high glucose led to the up-regulation of vimentin as well as fibronectin and the down-regulation of E-cadherin in HMrSV5 cells (all P＜0.05), which indicated EMT and fibrosis. Suppression of microRNA-15b by transfection with microRNA-15b inhibitor partially reversed the EMT and fibrosis changes (P＜0.05), while over-expression of microRNA-15b by transfection with microRNA-15b mimic obviously enhanced the EMT and fibrosis changes (P＜0.05). Conclusions MicroRNA-15b mediates high glucose induced EMT in human peritoneal mesothelial cells by the inhibition of Smad7 possibly. MicroRNA-15b maybe a new target for the prevention and treatment of peritoneal fibrosis during peritoneal dialysis (PD).     

The TGF-beta-induced gene product, betaig-h3: its biological implications in peritoneal dialysis.

BACKGROUND: TGF-beta is involved in peritoneal changes during long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD). TGF-beta induces betaig-h3 in several cell lines, and betaig-h3 may be a marker for biologically active TGF-beta. However, no study has reported induction of betaig-h3 in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) or its involvement in PD-related peritoneal membrane changes. METHODS: We used cultured HPMCs to investigate the biological roles of betaig-h3 during mesothelial cell injury and repair, employing the adhesion, spreading, scratching and cell migration assays. Changes in betaig-h3 expression after high glucose exposure in vivo were also evaluated using an animal chronic PD model. RESULTS: In vitro, TGF-beta1 induced betaig-h3 in cultured HPMCs, and betaig-h3-mediated mesothelial cell adhesion occurred via alphavbeta3 integrin. betaig-h3 enhanced mesothelial cell adhesion and migration and, in part, wound healing during mesothelial cell injury. The animal study demonstrated that compared to the control group, betaig-h3 concentrations in the dialysate effluent increased in the dialysis group with alterations in peritoneal structure and function during PD, and betaig-h3 positively correlated with peritoneal solute transport. Immunohistochemical and immunoblotting results showed that betaig-h3 localizes in the mesothelium and submesothelial matrix of the parietal peritoneum, and in the vascular endothelium of omentum. betaig-h3 protein expression was higher in the dialysis group. CONCLUSION: In vitro, betaig-h3 induced by TGF-beta1 in HPMCs improved adhesion and migration of HPMCs during wound healing. In the chronic infusion model of PD, betaig-h3 played a role in the functional deterioration of the peritoneal membrane, which is associated with fibrosis.     

Heme oxygenase-1 attenuates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of human peritoneal mesothelial cells

Background

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of peritoneal mesothelial cells has been regarded as an early mechanism of peritoneal fibrosis. A substantial and rapidly growing literature indicates that HO-1 provides the provenance for pathways that can interrupt virtually all major mechanisms of tissue injury. The effects of HO-1 expression on EMT, which plays a critical role in the development of peritoneal membrane (PM) fibrosis, are unknown and its roles in peritoneal fibrosis has not been studied, yet.

Methods

A piece of human omentum obtained from consenting patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery was used for study. We treated the human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) with high glucose solution and HO-1 inducer (hemin, 10 μmol/L). To further investigate the pure effect of HO-1 on EMT of mesothelium, gene transfer of recombinant Adenovirus-harboring human HO-1 (Adv-HO-1 gene) to HPMCs was done.

Results

Exposure of HPMCs to HG solution resulted in an increase of the expression of mesenchymal markers such as α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and was associated with a decrease in the expression of epithelial markers, E-cadherin. HO-1 protein expression was decreased in the same situation. Treatment of HPMCs with HO-1 inducer, hemin showed a dosage-dependent amelioration of HG induced changes in markers of EMT with increase of expression of HO-1. Human HO-1 gene transfection resulted in a significant increase in HO-1 expression and ameliorated HG-induced changes in expression of E-cadherin and α-SMA.

Conclusion

Taken together, our results suggest that HO-1 has a critical role in the modulation of peritoneal fibrosis, and, more important, the suppression of EMT. This study is the first to show the beneficial effect of HO-1 on reversing EMT in MC.     

线粒体呼吸链在高糖腹膜透析液诱导人腹膜间皮细胞层高通透性中的作用

目的 研究线粒体呼吸链在高糖腹膜透析液（PDS）诱导人腹膜间皮细胞（HPMC）通透性升高中的作用,探讨高糖PDS导致腹膜高通透状态的分子机制。 方法 体外培养HPMC,用不同浓度葡萄糖PDS加或不加抗氧化剂谷胱甘肽,培养24 h。采用跨细胞电阻（TER）技术测定HPMC通透性的变化;免疫荧光及Western印迹观察claudin-1的表达;线粒体活性氧（ROS）荧光探针检测细胞线粒体ROS的生成;线粒体呼吸链酶复合物活性检测试剂盒检测复合物Ⅰ~Ⅳ的活性变化。 结果 各组细胞的TER值均随时间的延长而下降,4.25% PDS组TER值24 h内从（34.7±1.5） Ω&#8226;cm2下降至（4.3±1.4） Ω&#8226;cm2;高糖PDS使细胞间连接蛋白claudin-1的表达显著下调,葡萄糖浓度越高作用越明显;同时高糖PDS导致线粒体呼吸链酶复合物Ⅲ活性较对照组下降89.2%（P < 0.01）,进而使线粒体ROS产生增加。谷胱甘肽可逆转上述指标的变化。 结论 高浓度葡萄糖PDS通过抑制线粒体呼吸链酶复合物Ⅲ的活性,引起HPMC的氧化损伤,进而导致腹膜间皮细胞层的高通透性增高。     

微小RNA-15b-5p靶向犰狳重复X连锁蛋白2抑制膀胱尿路上皮癌细胞增殖的实验研究

目的检测膀胱尿路上皮癌中微小RNA-15b-5p(miR-15b-5p)的表达,探讨其靶向犰狳重复X连锁蛋白2(ARMCX2)对细胞增殖的调控作用。方法选择69例2014年6月至2015年5月在海南医学院第二附属医院确诊并行手术治疗膀胱尿路上皮癌的患者,留取肿瘤组织。实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)检测miR-15b-5p、免疫组织化学法检测ARMCX2和细胞核增殖抗原(Ki-67)的表达。选择尿路上皮癌T24细胞系,应用双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证miR-15b-5p和ARMCX2的靶向关系。建立无关序列组(NC组)、miR-15b-5p mimic组、miR-15b-5p inhibitor组、miR-15b-5p inhibitor和小干扰RNA(siRNA)-ARMCX2共转染组,应用蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)检测ARMCX2和Ki-67的表达,应用细胞计数试剂盒(CCK-8)检测细胞活性。两组间比较行独立样本的t检验,多组间比较行方差分析(SNK法行两两比较)。结果膀胱尿路上皮癌中miR-15b-5p的表达量范围为1.2~4.5,miR-15b-5p的表达量和ARMCX2的阳性率在不同病变级别(1.51±0.26比2.04±0.43,t=4.560,P<0.05;78.95%比19.35%,χ^2=24.290,P<0.05)、是否为浸润性生长(1.60±0.40比1.86±0.44,t=2.360,P<0.05;73.33%比35.90%,χ^2=9.520,P<0.05)的分组中差异有统计学意义。相关分析显示miR-15b-5p和ARMCX2(r=-0.620,P<0.05)、miR-15b-5p和Ki-67(r=-0.600,P<0.05)呈负相关,ARMCX2和Ki-67(r=0.660,P<0.05)呈正相关。生存分析显示miR-15b-5p和ARMCX2与生存时间有关(χ^2=5.010,P<0.05)。双荧光素酶报告基因实验显示miR-15b-5p和ARMCX2具有靶向关系。MiR-15b-5p mimic组中ARMCX2(1.15±0.40比1.82±0.28,t=3.430,P<0.05)和Ki-67(1.34±0.37比0.99±0.21,t=2.780,P<0.05)的表达高于NC组,细胞活性低于NC组,miR-15b-5p inhibitor组中ARMCX2(2.24±0.35比1.82±0.28,t=2.630,P<0.05)和Ki-67(1.65±0.26比0.99±0.21,t=5.760,P<0.05)的表达高于NC组,细胞活性高于NC组,miR-15b-5p inhibitor和siRNA-ARMCX2共转染组ARMCX2(1.66±0.25比1.82±0.28,t=1.130,P>0.05)、Ki-67(1.24±0.29比0.99±0.21,t=1.710,P>0.05)的表达差异无统计学意义。结论MiR-15b-5p在膀胱尿路上皮癌中低表达,与肿瘤细胞的增殖及生长相关。MiR-15b-5p靶向ARMCX2抑制尿路上皮癌细胞的增殖。     

微小RNA-17-5p下调同源盒蛋白HOXB13抑制血管平滑肌细胞增殖的研究

目的:探讨微小RNA(miR)-17-5p调控同源盒蛋白(HOXB13)的分子机制。方法:从SD大鼠胸主动脉分离和培养血管平滑肌细胞(VSMCs);利用细胞计数试剂盒检测细胞增殖;反转录定量聚合酶链反应检测miRNA和miR-17-5p的表达;细胞转染miR-17-5p mimics、anti-miR-17-5p和小干...     

微小RNA-138-5p在前列腺癌细胞中的表达及对其侵袭能力的影响

目的:探讨微小RNA(miR)-138-5p在前列腺癌(PCa)中的表达及对前列腺癌侵袭、迁移、凋亡等能力的影响。方法:miR-138-5p模拟物转染正常前列腺上皮细胞(RWPE)-1、DU145细胞,实时定量反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)用于检测转染前后细胞miR-138-5p的表达。细胞计数试剂盒(CCK-8...     

MiR-134通过靶向调节KRAS抑制786-0肾透明细胞癌细胞上皮间质转化过程

目的探索miR-134在肾癌组织中的表达并研究其对肾透明细胞癌细胞786-0上皮间质转化的影响。方法采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测miR-134在20对肾癌组织和786-0细胞中的表达情况;miR-134模拟物转染786-0后,划痕实验和Transwell实验分别检测肾癌细胞迁移和侵袭能力的改变情况,Western blot检测细胞中靶蛋白KRAS及其相关信号通路蛋白表达情况;双荧光素酶报告基因检测miR-134与KRAS 3′-UTR结合情况。结果 MiR-134在20对肾癌组织和786-0细胞中明显低表达(P0.01);miR-134模拟物转染后能够抑制肿瘤细胞侵袭(P0.01)和迁移的能力(P0.05),显著降低肿瘤细胞中KRAS蛋白的水平(P0.05)并抑制RAS/MAPK/ERK通路中关键蛋白p-ERK的表达(P0.05);双荧光素酶报告基因显示miR-134能与KRAS 3′-UTR结合,显著降低荧光值(P0.05)。结论 MiR-134在肾透明细胞癌中显著低表达,能通过靶向抑制KRAS表达调控下游RAS/MAPK/ERK通路活性,阻滞786-0细胞上皮间质转化过程,抑制肿瘤细胞的侵袭和转移。     

长链非编码RNA-MALAT1在高糖诱导的人腹膜间皮细胞纤维化过程中的作用

目的探讨长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)- MALAT1在人腹膜间皮细胞(HPMCs)高糖损伤导致的腹膜纤维化中的作用。 方法将永生化的HPMCs分为对照组及高糖(50 mmol/L葡萄糖)刺激1、3、5、7 d组,使用实时荧光定量PCR及Western印迹方法,检测MALAT1、表型转换及纤维化相关分子E-钙黏素(E-cad)、ɑ-平滑肌肌动蛋白(ɑ-SMA)、胶原蛋白I(ColⅠ)、胶原蛋白Ⅲ(Col Ⅲ)、纤连蛋白(Fn)、结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)在mRNA及蛋白水平的表达变化;给予HPMCs转染MALAT1的过表达慢病毒,检测MALAT1、表型转换及纤维化相关分子E-cad、ɑ-SMA、ColⅠ、ColⅢ、Fn、CTGF在mRNA及蛋白水平的表达变化;给予高糖刺激72 h后的HPMCs转染MALAT1siRNA,再检测以上成分的mRNA及蛋白水平的表达变化。采用SPSS 18.0统计软件进行数据分析。 结果高糖刺激HPMCs后,随时间的延长,MALAT1及间质标志分子ɑ-SMA、纤维化相关分子ColⅠ、ColⅢ、Fn、CTGF的表达明显增加与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(mRNA水平MALAT1、α-SMA、ColⅠ、ColⅢ、Fn、CTGF第7天时分别为t＝ 7.080、t＝6.325、t＝7.205、t＝11.70、t＝5.739、t＝9.221,P<0.05;蛋白水平α-SMA、ColⅠ、ColⅢ、Fn、CTGF第7天时分别为t＝3.429、t＝3.846、t＝5.274、t＝3.751、t＝4.093,P<0.05),上皮标志分子E-cad mRNA及蛋白水平表达逐渐下降(第7天时mRNA t＝7.270、P＝0.0019,蛋白水平t＝5.658、P＝0.0048);慢病毒转染使MALAT1上调后,MALAT1、ɑ-SMA、ColⅠ、ColⅢ、Fn、CTGF的表达增加(mRNA水平MALAT1 α-SMA、ColⅠ、ColⅢ、Fn、CTGF分别为t＝7.151、t＝6.495、t＝6.068、t＝8.660、t＝5.283、t＝3.230,P<0.05;蛋白水平α-SMA、ColⅠ、ColⅢ、Fn、CTGF分别为t＝3.980、t＝3.623、t＝3.351、t＝4.965、t＝5.804,P<0.05),E-cad表达下降(mRNA水平t＝5.511,P＝0.0053;蛋白水平t＝6.397, P＝0.0031);使用siRNA下调MALAT1后,MALAT1、ɑ-SMA、ColⅠ、ColⅢ、Fn、CTGF的表达下降(mRNA水平MALAT1、ɑ-SMA、ColⅠ、ColⅢ、Fn、CTGF分别为t＝2.854、t＝5.511、t＝3.442、t＝2.442、t＝4.407、t＝6.556,P< 0.05;蛋白水平ɑ-SMA、ColⅠ、ColⅢ、Fn、CTGF分别为t＝3.241、t＝7.589、t＝7.427、t＝4.319、t＝3.976,P< 0.05), E-cad表达增加(mRNA水平t＝2.865、P＝ 0.0457;蛋白水平t＝2.823、P＝0.0477)。 结论MALAT1参与高糖刺激所引起的HPMCs的纤维化过程,并且可以促进腹膜纤维化的发生。     

Effect and mechanism of fluvastatin on the expression of fibronectin in human peritoneal mesothelial cells induced by high?glucose peritoneal dialysate

Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of fluvastatin on the expression of fibronectin(FN) in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) induced by high?glucose peritoneal dialysate (HGPDS). Methods Cultured HPMCs were randomly divided into control, HGPDS, HGPDS plus GSK650394 10-5 mol/L (the competitive inhibitor of SGK1), different concentrations of fluvastatin, fluvastatin 10-6 mol/L and GSK650394 10-5 mol/L alone. The morphology change of HPMC was observed by light microscopy. The cellular viability was detected by MTT colorimetry. The mRNA and protein expressions of serum and glucocorticoid?inducible kinase 1 (SGK1) and FN were detected by RT?PCR, Western blotting or ELISA. Results After incubation with HGPDS, the cell morphology changed from typical cobblestone?like appearance to fibroblast?like appearance, and the cell viability was inhibited significantly (P<0.05). Fluvastatin 10?6mol/L and GSK650394 could improved the cell morphology and the cell viability injured by HGPDS (P<0.05). Compared with the normal control group, the mRNA and protein expressions of SGK1 and FN increased significantly in HPMC treated with HGPDS(P<0.05). GSK650394 significantly decreased the high expression of SGK1 and FN (P<0.05), also the fluvastatin had same effects as GSK650394 in dose?dependent manner (P<0.05). Conclusions High?glucose peritoneal dialysate can increase FN expression in human peritoneal mesothelial cells, which can be attenuated by fluvastatin. The protective role of fluvastatin in HPMC may be partially achieved through the signal pathway of SGK1.     

miR-195-5p通过靶向ROCK1抑制肾癌细胞迁移、侵袭和上皮-间质转化

目的探讨miR-195-5p对肾癌细胞迁移、侵袭和上皮-间质转化的影响。方法通过转染miR-195-5p mimics或inhibitors分别过表达或抑制肾癌细胞中miR-195-5p的表达,转染靶向Rho相关螺旋蛋白激酶1(ROCK1)的小干扰RNA敲低肾癌细胞中ROCK1的表达量,利用细胞划痕实验和Transwell小室实验分别检测肾癌细胞的迁移和侵袭能力。通过双荧光素酶报告实验验证miR-195-5p对ROCK1的靶向调控作用,利用免疫印迹试验检测ROCK1及上皮-间质转化相关蛋白的表达水平。结果过表达miR-195-5p可显著抑制肾癌细胞的迁移、侵袭和上皮-间质转化,而抑制miR-195-5p的表达可明显促进肾癌细胞的迁移、侵袭和上皮-间质转化(P<0.05)。miR-195-5p可通过靶向ROCK1调控其在肾癌细胞中表达。敲低ROCK1后可部分抵消miR-195-5p inhibitors对肾癌细胞迁移、侵袭和上皮-间质转化的影响。结论miR-195-5p可通过靶向ROCK1抑制肾癌细胞的迁移、侵袭和上皮-间质转化。