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1.
丹参多酚酸盐减少PCI相关性心肌梗死的初步研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
目的 观察丹参多酚酸盐减少经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)相关性心肌梗死的作用并研究其机制。方法 将心绞痛患者分为对照组和丹参多酚酸盐组,2组均给予心绞痛标准治疗。丹参多酚酸盐组在PCI术前和围术期静脉滴注丹参多酚酸盐。检测患者入院后第1天以及PCI术后24 h的肌钙蛋白I(cardiac troponin I,cTnI),可溶性血栓调节蛋白(soluble thrombomodulin,sTM)、血管性血友病因子(von willebrand factor,vWF)的变化情况。观察2组患者的基线资料,以及PCI术后6个月的心血管事件和处理措施。结果 2组患者PCI术后均出现sTM、vWF、cTnI水平升高。丹参多酚酸盐组PCI术后的sTM、vWF显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。丹参多酚酸盐组PCI相关性心肌梗死发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。丹参多酚酸盐组术后6个月心绞痛症状再发率低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组再次冠脉造影的差异无统计学意义,2组均未出现靶血管血运重建、非致死性心肌梗死、支架内血栓形成、心源性休克、猝死等不良心血管事件。结论 丹参多酚酸盐可能通过减少PCI术中血管内皮损伤,从而减少PCI相关性心肌梗死,改善患者预后。  相似文献   

2.
目的 研究丁公藤注射液(injection erycibe,IE)对骨质疏松性大鼠骨折愈合的促进作用及其作用机制。方法 通过卵巢切除术和骨折术建立骨质疏松性骨折大鼠模型,50只健康SD大鼠(♀)随机分为假手术组、模型组和1,2,4mL·kg-1 IE组,检测大鼠股骨骨密度、生物力学指标和血清钙、碱性磷酸酶含量,HE染色观察大鼠骨骼病理组织学变化。对分离的骨髓间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)进行药物干预,分为对照组、5,10,20mg·L-1 IE组、诱导组(成骨诱导培养基诱导分化)、NC siRNA组、NCK1 siRNA组、IE+NC siRNA组和IE+NCK1 siRNA组,采用MTT检测MSCs增殖,RT-qPCR检测成骨分化相关基因ALPRunx2Osterix mRNA水平,Western blotting检测NCK1和p-AKT蛋白表达水平,茜素红染色观察MSCs钙结节数量。结果 与模型组比较,2,4mL·kg-1 IE组大鼠股骨骨密度、生物力学指标、血清生化指标均明显升高(P<0.05),且呈剂量依赖性,4mL·kg-1 IE组效果最佳。与对照组比较,10,20mg·L-1IE组MSCs增殖和成骨分化相关基因表达量明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),NCK1和p-AKT蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.05),MSCs内钙结节量明显增加,且呈剂量依赖性,20mg·L-1 IE组效果最佳。与IE+NC siRNA组比较,IE+NCK1 siRNA组成骨分化相关基因表达量明显降低(P<0.01),NCK1和p-AKT蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.01)。结论 IE通过促进NCK1蛋白表达,激活AKT信号通路,对骨质疏松性大鼠骨折愈合起到一定促进作用。  相似文献   

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目的 评价丹酚酸B镁(salvianolic acid B,Sal-B)对兔急性心肌梗死再灌注后心肌损伤的保护作用。方法 新西兰大白兔40只随机分成4组,即假手术组、心肌缺血再灌注(myocardial ischemia/reperfusion,MI/R)、再灌注低剂量组(Sal-B20 mg·kg-1组)、再灌注高剂量组(Sal-B 60 mg·kg-1组),每组10只。假手术组只开胸不结扎,其余3组结扎左室缘支90 min,切断结扎线120 min,建立MI/R模型。各组分别于结扎左心室缘支前5 min、结扎后90 min、再灌注120 min时取血,检测肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、心肌肌钙蛋白I (cTnI),并评估缺血范围、无复流范围及梗死区心肌范围。结果 结扎90 min后,MI/R组、Sal-B 20 mg·kg-1组和Sal-B 60 mg·kg-1组3组之间CK-MB、cTnI水平差异无统计学意义。再灌注120 min后,Sal-B 60 mg·kg-1组的血清CK-MB、cTnI水平显著低于MI/R组、Sal-B 20 mg·kg-1组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各组染色所测的冠脉结扎区心肌缺血范围基本一致。与MI/R组、Sal-B 20 mg·kg-1组比,Sal-B 60 mg·kg-1组可以显著减少无复流面积(P<0.05)和梗死面积(P<0.05),MI/R组和Sal-B 20 mg·kg-1组之间差异无统计学意义。结论 Sal-B 60 mg·kg-1能在一定程度上减轻心肌细胞结构损伤,缩小心肌梗死面积,减轻无复流的发生。  相似文献   

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目的 探讨梓醇对尘肺模型大鼠运动能力及骨骼肌功能的改善作用。方法 通过气管注射石英粉尘建立大鼠慢性尘肺模型,造模3个月后,取造模大鼠30只随机分为3组:模型组、梓醇100mg·kg-1组、梓醇50mg·kg-1组,每组10只,另取10只正常大鼠作为对照组。大鼠ig给药,每天1次,每周给药6d,连续给药8周。观察大鼠一般状况及体质量变化;采用小动物跑台检测大鼠的1次力竭运动时间;采用抓力测定仪进行大鼠骨骼肌力量检测;解剖大鼠取同一位置肺叶,HE染色用于观察肺组织基本结构及炎症反应等状态,Masson染色用于观察肺组织胶原沉积和纤维化情况;取双侧后肢的腓肠肌和比目鱼肌,称质量,计算质量指数(肌肉质量/体质量);试剂盒法检测腓肠肌组织线粒体膜电位(△φm)和腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸(ATP)水平;试剂盒法检测腓肠肌组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)水平及琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)活性;实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)法检测过线粒体生物发生相关基因——氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ辅激活因子1α(Pgc-1α)、核呼吸因子1(Nrf1)、线粒体转录因子A(Tfam)的mRNA表达水平。结果 与模型组比较,梓醇100、50mg·kg-1对尘肺大鼠肺部炎症和纤维未见显著改善;梓醇100、50mg·kg-1均能显著延长尘肺大鼠跑动力竭时间(P<0.05、0.01);梓醇可显著增加尘肺大鼠的肌肉抓力,其中100mg·kg-1组差异显著(P<0.05);梓醇100mg·kg-1组尘肺大鼠的腓肠肌和比目鱼肌质量指数显著增加(P<0.05、0.01),50mg·kg-1组的比目鱼肌质量指数显著增加(P<0.05);梓醇可明显升高尘肺大鼠腓肠肌ATP水平和△φm,其中100mg·kg-1组差异显著(P<0.05);梓醇100mg·kg-1显著增加腓肠肌SDH和SOD活力、同时降低MDA水平(P<0.05、0.01),梓醇50mg·kg-1显著增加腓肠肌SDH活力、同时降低MDA水平(P<0.05、0.01);梓醇100、50mg·kg-1显著上调腓肠肌中线粒体生物发生相关基因表达(P<0.05、0.01)。结论 梓醇可以调节尘肺模型大鼠骨骼肌线粒体功能,减轻肌肉萎缩并增强运动能力,此作用可能通过PGC-1α/NRF1、TFAM途径促进线粒体生物发生而介导。  相似文献   

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目的 研究秦皮甲素对脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导大鼠心肌损伤及TLR/NF-κB途径的影响。方法 构建LPS诱导心肌损伤模型,将大鼠分为对照组、LPS组、秦皮甲素低剂量组(20 mg·kg-1)、秦皮甲素中剂量组(40 mg·kg-1)、秦皮甲素高剂量组(80 mg·kg-1)和阳性对照组(地塞米松2 mg·kg-1)。心脏超声检测心脏功能,HE染色检测心脏组织损伤程度。ELISA检测血液中肌钙蛋白(cardiac troponin I,cTnI),肌酸激酶同工酶[creatine kinase (CK)-MB,CK-MB],肌红蛋白(myoglobin,Mb),肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α),白介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6),IL-1β,丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA),超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)和髓过氧物酶(myeloperoxidase,MPO)的含量。Western blotting检测Toll样受体2(Toll-like receptor 2,TLR2),TLR4,骨髓分化因子88(myeloid differentiation factor 88,MyD88),白介素1受体相关激酶(interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinases,IRAK1)和磷酸化核因子-κB (phosphorylated-nuclear factor-κB,p-NF-κB)的蛋白相对表达量。结果 与LPS组相比,在秦皮甲素治疗后,心率、左室壁相对厚度和左心室射血分数均显著升高(P<0.05),而左室收缩末容积显著降低(P<0.05)。心肌酶cTnI、CK-MB和Mb的表达量显著下调(P<0.05);促炎细胞因子IL-6、TNF-α和IL-1β的表达量下调(P<0.05);氧化应激标记物中SOD含量显著升高(P<0.05),而MDA和MPO含量均显著降低(P<0.05);TLR2、TLR4、MyD88、IRAK1和p-NF-κB蛋白表达水平均显著下调(P<0.05)。结论 秦皮甲素对LPS诱导心肌损伤具有保护作用,并抑制TLR/NF-κB信号通路。  相似文献   

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目的 探讨蓬子菜总黄酮(total flavonoids extracts of Galium verum L.,TFG)对CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤的影响及其机制。方法 60只昆明小鼠随机分成正常组、模型组、阳性对照组、TFG组。各治疗组予以相应的药物灌胃6 d后,除正常组外其余各组腹腔注射6% CCl4造模,24 h后取样,肝组织HE染色,检测血清中谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)以及肝肾组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)水平,分析血清中TNF-α和IL-6水平。昆明小鼠50只,随机分成正常组、模型组、TFG组(200 mg·kg-1)、抗IL-6单抗(40 mg·kg-1)+TFG(200 mg·kg-1)组、抗TNF-α单抗(5 mg·kg-1)+TFG(200 mg·kg-1)组,各治疗组予以相应的药物处理6 d后,除正常组外,其余各组腹腔注射6% CCl4造模,24 h后取血清分析AST、ALT水平。结果 与模型组比较,蓬子菜总黄酮能改善肝损伤,降低血清中AST、ALT活性以及肝肾中MDA含量,提高肝肾SOD活性、GSH含量,降低血清中TNF-α和IL-6表达(P<0.05或P<0.01)。抗IL-6、TNF-α单抗能明显降低血清中AST、ALT活性(P<0.05)。结论 蓬子菜总黄酮能通过清除自由基、抑制脂质过氧化,保护细胞膜和线粒体膜的完整性。同时减少IL-6、TNF-α的释放,改善急性肝损伤。  相似文献   

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摘 要 目的: 探讨丹参多酚酸盐对急性冠脉综合征患者(ACS)经皮冠脉介入术(PCI)后心肌微循环的影响,及对患者心功能的改善程度。方法: 100例急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者随机分为对照组A(单纯PCI治疗)和观察组A(PCI+丹参多酚酸盐治疗);100例不稳定型心绞痛患者随机分为对照组B(单纯PCI治疗)和观察组B( PCI+丹参多酚酸盐治疗)。每组均为50例。分别于PCI术前和术后7 d行心肌声学造影检查并测定血清超氧化物歧化酶活力(SOD)、一氧化氮(NO)含量、超敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)浓度。结果: 治疗后,观察组A和观察组B造影剂开始灌注时间(AT)、灌注达峰时间(APT)、灌注的峰值强度(PI)、振幅(A)、曲线上升斜率(β)均低于对照组A和对照组B组(P<0.05);观察组A和观察组BSOD和NO水平均高于对照组A和对照组B,hs-CRP水平则均低于对照组A和对照组B(P<0.05)。结论:丹参多酚酸盐能够显著改善ACS患者PCI术后心肌微循环水平,改善心肌功能,炎症因子明显减少,值得临床推广应用。  相似文献   

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目的 采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)测定SD大鼠血浆中N-[(3-烯丙基-2-羟基)苯亚甲基]-2-(4-苄基-高哌嗪-1-基)乙酰肼富马酸盐(SM-1),并计算大鼠重复ig给药的药动学参数,评价SM-1的药动学特征。方法 将60只健康SPF级SD大鼠随机分为阴性对照组、溶媒对照组和SM-1低、中、高剂量组,每组16只动物(阴性对照组和溶媒对照组为6只动物),雌雄各半。每天ig给药1次,各组分别给予水、溶媒或SM-1 50、100、200 mg·kg-1,给药体积10 mL·kg-1,连续给药4周,于首次给药和末次给药阶段进行药动学采血测定。采用经验证的HPLC-MS/MS法测定SD大鼠血浆中SM-1浓度。使用Phoenix WinNonlin 7.0软件进行血药浓度-时间数据分析与药动学参数计算。结果 SD大鼠ig给予SM-1后,在50~200 mg·kg-1剂量,SD大鼠体内的平均峰浓度(Cmax)及药时曲线下面积(AUC0~t)随剂量的增加而增加,各剂量组动物平均Cmax及AUC0~t比值与剂量比相近。连续给药后,低、中、高剂量组均未出现明显的蓄积。雌性大鼠SM-1的暴露高于雄性大鼠。结论 连续给药28 d后,SM-1在大鼠体内未出现明显的蓄积,雌性大鼠SM-1的暴露高于雄性大鼠。  相似文献   

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目的 研究N-乙酰半胱氨酸活性炭微囊(activated carbon N-acetylcysteine microcapsule,ACNAC)对非酒精性脂肪肝大鼠血液流变学的影响。方法 以高脂高糖饮食10周诱导SD大鼠非酒精性脂肪肝模型,分别给予低、中、高剂量(20,40,80 mg·kg-1)的ACNAC、N-乙酰半胱氨酸(80 mg·kg-1)及多烯磷脂酰胆碱(100 mg·kg-1)干预治疗后,检测各组大鼠血清血脂、血液流变学指标以及肝组织病理变化。结果 与正常组比较,模型组大鼠血液流变学各指标,血清中甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)和胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)明显升高(P<0.05)。给药治疗后,与模型组比较,ACNAC高剂量组大鼠血清中TC和TG明显降低(P<0.05),且优于N-乙酰半胱氨酸组;ACNAC高剂量组全血黏度低切、中切、高切、红细胞压积以及血浆黏度水平均低于模型组(P<0.05);而且ACNAC高剂量组全血高切、低切水平均低于N-乙酰半胱氨酸组和多烯磷脂酰胆碱组(P<0.05)。HE病理染色结果显示,与模型组比较,各用药组大鼠的肝组织脂肪变性均得到不同程度的改善。结论 ACNAC能够在不同程度上降低非酒精性脂肪肝大鼠血脂水平以及血液流变学水平。  相似文献   

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目的 考察香叶木苷在大鼠体内对格列苯脲药动学的影响。方法 12只SD大鼠随机分为香叶木苷组和对照组,分别给予香叶木苷(325 mg·kg-1,ig,qd)和同体积CMC-Na溶液7 d后,灌胃给予格列苯脲,于不同时间点采集血浆样品,测定血药浓度,DAS 2.0计算主要药动学参数,并进行统计学分析。结果 与对照组比,香叶木苷组Cmax显著降低(P<0.05),tmax显著缩短(P<0.05),AUC(0→t和AUC(0→∞)显著减少(P<0.05),CL显著增大(P<0.05),t1/2差异不显著。结论 香叶木苷影响格列苯脲在大鼠体内的药动学过程,临床联合用药中应对格列苯脲的血药浓度进行监测,以避免潜在的药物相互作用风险。  相似文献   

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Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.
Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.
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This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine.  相似文献   

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We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.  相似文献   

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In order to find out the values of the steroid resources for the future use. the compositions and contents of steroidal sapogenins from 13 domestic plants have been investigated. As a result,Dioscorea nipponica, D. quinqueloba andSmilax china were found to have large amount of diosgenin. And pennogenin inTrillium kamtschaticum andParis verticillata, yuccagenin inAllium fistulosum, hecogenin inAgave americana and neochlorogenin inSolanum nigum were appeared to be major steroidal sapogenins.  相似文献   

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Abstract

The uptake of metals from food and water sources by insects is thought to be additive. For a given metal, the proportions taken up from water and food will depend both on the bioavailable concentration of the metal associated with each source and the mechanism and rate by which the metal enters the insect. Attempts to correlate insect trace metal concentrations with the trophic level of insects should be made with a knowledge of the feeding relationships of the individual taxa concerned. Pathways for the uptake of essential metals, such as copper and zinc, exist at the cellular level, and other nonessential metals, such as cadmium, also appear to enter via these routes. Within cells, trace metals can be bound to proteins or stored in granules. The internal distribution of metals among body tissues is very heterogeneous, and distribution patterns tend to be both metal and taxon specific. Trace metals associated with insects can be both bound on the surface of their chitinous exoskeleton and incorporated into body tissues. The quantities of trace meals accumulated by an individual reflect the net balance between the rate of metal influx from both dissolved and particulate sources and the rate of metal efflux from the organism. The toxicity of metals has been demonstrated at all levels of biological organization: cell, tissue, individual, population, and community. Much of the literature pertaining to the toxic effects of metals on aquatic insects is based on laboratory observations and, as such, it is difficult to extrapolate the data to insects in nature. The few experimental studies in nature suggest that trace metal contaminants can affect both the distribution and the abundance of aquatic insects. Insects have a largely unexploited potential as biomonitors of metal contamination in nature. A better understanding of the physico-chemical and biological mechanisms mediating trace metal bioavailability and exchange will facilitate the development of general predictive models relating trace metal concentrations in insects to those in their environment. Such models will facilitate the use of insects as contaminant biomonitors.  相似文献   

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