大鼠生精相关基因TSARG1原核表达载体的构建和表达

目的构建大鼠生精相关基因pGEX-KG/TSARG1重组载体并进行原核表达。方法应用RT-PCR技术从大鼠睾丸组织mRNA中扩增TSARG1的开放阅读框（ORF）,T-A克隆后将TSARG1插入到原核表达载体pGEX-KG中,经测序鉴定后将重组质粒转入宿主菌E.coliBL21,IPTG诱导表达GST/TSARG1融合蛋白。结果成功构建pGEX-KG/TSARG1重组质粒;转化重组质粒的E.coli BL21经IPTG 37℃诱导高效表达GST/TSARG1融合蛋白。结论 pGEX-KG/TSARG1原核表达载体的成功构建为进一步研究TSARG1的生物学功能奠定了基础。     

结核分枝杆菌PPE60的GST融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中的表达和鉴定

目的构建结核分枝杆菌PPE60的GST融合蛋白表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中诱导表达融合蛋白。方法以结核分枝杆菌标准株H37Rv基因组DNA为模板,经PCR技术扩增目的基因,将目的基因克隆到pGEX-4T-1载体中,转化大肠杆菌DH5α,筛选阳性克隆。进行质粒的酶切鉴定和序列分析;对重组的大肠杆菌进行诱导表达,SDS-PAGE分析菌体蛋白,凝胶密度扫描分析目的蛋白的表达情况,Western-blot鉴定融合蛋白。结果正确构建了pGEX-PPE60融合表达载体,载体能在大肠杆菌中表达分子量约为70 kDa的重组蛋白,占菌体总蛋白的50%。该融合蛋白能与GST抗体产生阳性反应。结论成功构建了GST-PPE60融合蛋白的表达载体,并能在大肠杆菌中高效表达,为PPE60蛋白的功能研究奠定了基础。     

人细小病毒B19VP1基因片段原核表达载体的构建及其表达

目的　克隆人细小病毒B19　VP1基因片段,构建其重组克隆载体和表达载体,并诱导表达。方法　利用聚合酶链反应(PCR)和分子克隆技术,将B19病毒VP1基因片段扩增后,构建pGEM-T-easy克隆载体;经PCR筛选后,亚克隆于pGEX-4T-1表达载体中,并转化至BL21感受态菌;经诱导剂异丙基硫代-β-D-半乳糖苷 (IPTG)诱导表达,并以免疫印迹法对表达蛋白进行鉴定。结果　扩增出一条约 801bp的基因片段,PCR鉴定结果的与预期结果一致。经IPTG诱导,VP1融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中得到成功表达,PAGE上出现相对分子量约为 54KD的一条新生蛋白带,经蛋白印迹验证为表达蛋白B19VP1。薄层扫描现示,表达产物占菌体总蛋白的 27. 4%。结论　获得人细小病毒B19VP1基因片段的原核表达载体及其产物,对进一步研究其纯化及B19疫苗有重要意义。     

肠道病毒71型重组VP1蛋白的原核表达及初步鉴定

目的利用大肠杆菌原核表达系统表达并纯化肠道病毒71型(EV71)VP1蛋白,并对重组蛋白功能进行初步鉴定。方法 PCR扩增EV71VP1全长基因,在测序正确的基础上,将其插入表达载体pET28a(+),构建表达质粒pET28a(+)/VP1,转化表达菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达,利用Ni 2+亲和层析柱对重组蛋白进行纯化,经ELISA和Western Blot,验证EV71VP1的抗原性。结果成功构建pET28a(+)/VP1重组质粒,经大肠杆菌表达、纯化获得分子量约为43kDa的融合蛋白,经ELISA和Western Blot,结果显示该蛋白有良好的抗原性。结论实现了肠道病毒7l型VP1蛋白的原核高效表达,为肠道病毒71型诊断试剂和疫苗的研究奠定基础。     

人卵GST-ZP3融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中的表达、纯化及其免疫原性的检测

目的:在大肠杆菌中表达人卵透明带3(Human zona pellucida3,HuZP3)蛋白并对其进行纯化。方法:将HuZP3基因的核心片段克隆到原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1中,经过酶切和序列分析后,用重组质粒转化E.coli BL21,经IPTG诱导产生GST-HuZP3融合蛋白并通过Glutathione Sepharose 4B纯化。以纯化的融合蛋白免疫纯系Balb/C小鼠制备抗血清。抗血清的效价采用ELISA检测。结果:成功地构建GST-HuZP3融合蛋白表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中高效表达特异性的GST-HuZP3融合蛋白。以该融合蛋白免疫小鼠获得高效价抗GST-HuZP3抗血清,且该抗血清可识别大肠杆菌表达的重组ZP3。结论:获得高表达的GST-HuZP3融合蛋白并证实其具有良好的免疫原性,可作为抗原研制开发检测不孕妇女体内是否存在抗自身ZP3抗体的诊断试剂盒。     

幽门螺杆菌Catalas/GST融合蛋白的可溶性表达及凝血酶柱上切割GST标签

目的 利用GST融合基因表达系统表达幽门螺杆菌Catalase/GST融合蛋白,并利用凝血酶柱上切割GST标签.方法 将重组表达质粒Catalase/pGEX-4T-1转化大肠杆菌BL21 (DE3)感受态中并用IPTG进行诱导表达,菌体经反复冻融、溶菌酶裂解及超声破菌进行裂解.采用谷胱甘肽琼脂糖树脂Glutathione Sepharose 4B对Catalase/GST融合蛋白可溶性表达上清进行纯化,并同时利用凝血酶柱上切割GST标签,用鼠抗Catalase抗体对纯化产物进行Western blot鉴定.结果 高效表达出相对分子质量约85 kDa的Catalase/GST融合蛋白,以部分可溶性的形式表达,凝血酶柱上成功地切割了GST标签,Catalase蛋白能被鼠抗Catalase单克隆抗体识别.结论 成功表达了Catalase/GST融合蛋白并柱上切割了GST标签,为深入研究Catalase的功能奠定了基础.     

脆性X智力低下蛋白在大肠杆菌中的表达及纯化

目的:在大肠杆菌中对脆性X智力低下蛋白(FMRP)进行重组表达,获得高产量及高纯度的可溶性重组蛋白。方法:以人脑cDNA文库为模板,PCR扩增FMR1基因后将其克隆至融合表达载体pGEX-6P-1中,重组载体转化进入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)pLysS,并用IPTG进行诱导表达。应用谷胱甘肽-琼脂糖凝胶4B进行亲和层析纯化GST-FMRP融合蛋白,并以SDS-PAGE电泳和Westernblot对融合蛋白的表达进行检测。结果:亲和纯化后的融合蛋白经FMRP及GST单抗分别进行Westernblot鉴定为GST-FMRP融合蛋白。结论:大肠杆菌中FMRPISO10的重组表达产量高,纯化得到可溶性重组蛋白,为FMRP抗体的制备及FXS检测试剂盒的开发奠定基础。     

肠道病毒71型强神经毒分离株VP1蛋白的表达鉴定

目的利用大肠杆菌原核表达系统表达肠道病毒71型强神经毒分离株VP1蛋白,为抗体制备和病毒诊断试剂盒的开发奠定基础。方法利用一步法RT-PCR扩增出病毒VP1基因,构建重组原核表达质粒,IPTG诱导后经SDS-PAGE和Western blot验证蛋白表达的特异性。结果重组质粒在1 mmol/L的IPTG 37℃诱导6 h后可诱导表达得到约33 KD的蛋白,且表达的蛋白主要以不溶性的包涵体形式存在。VP1蛋白特异性单抗和His蛋白单抗验证了蛋白表达的特异性。结论获得特异性的EV71病毒河南分离株VP1蛋白,可用于开发病毒诊断试剂盒。     

重组乳酸杆菌中A组轮状病毒VP7基因表达

目的 扩增A组轮状病毒VP7基因,构建pEDM27/5-VP7重组质粒,转化乳酸杆菌并分析VP7蛋白的表达及活性.方法 通过逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)获得目的 基因VP7,纯化后与pEDM27/5载体进行连接,转化乳酸杆菌,乳糖进行诱导表达,分别于4,8,12 h后,采用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)和蛋白印迹技术(Western blot)对产物进行分析测定.结果 A组轮状病毒经RT-PCR扩增后,1%琼脂糖电泳检测可见一条约1.0 kb的特异性条带,与预期目的 基因(VP7基因)大小相符;SDS-PAGE和Western-blot杂交分析发现,经乳糖诱导4,8,12 h后分别可见一条分子量约为28 kD蛋白带表达,经扫描分析,诱导后表达蛋白分别约占菌体总蛋白的2.30%,5.12%,5.38%,且随着时间变化而持续表达增加,并能与抗A组轮状病毒VP7蛋白特异结合.结论 重组乳酸杆菌持续表达免疫活性A组轮状病毒VP7蛋白,为进一步研究乳酸杆菌作为轮状病毒基因工程疫苗的表达载体提供了基础依据.     

EV71亚单位VP1的原核表达、纯化及免疫原性分析

目的原核表达并纯化人肠道病毒71型(EV71)亚单位VP1蛋白,分析其免疫原性。方法采用PCR技术扩增EV71 VP1(AB204852.1)基因序列,构建重组质粒p ET32a(+)-VP1并转化E.coli BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达6×His-VP1融合蛋白,将表达的蛋白用Ni2+-NTA树脂纯化、TGE液复性后免疫新西兰大白兔,制备抗VP1的抗血清,用间接ELISA法检测抗血清效价。结果重组工程菌p ET32a(+)-VP1/BL21(DE3)高效表达了相对分子质量约为42 k D的VP1融合蛋白,蛋白经纯化复性后免疫新西兰大白兔所得抗血清效价大于1︰625 000。结论原核表达系统p ET32a(+)/BL21(DE3)能高效表达EV71亚单位VP1融合蛋白,蛋白经纯化复性后具有良好的免疫原性,为进一步研制以双歧杆菌为抗原载体的新型疫苗奠定了基础。     

长春新碱过量引起严重毒副反应1例的护理体会

报道1例霍奇金淋巴瘤患者因误用长春新碱（VCR）10mg一次性静脉推注后治疗护理情况。其出现间断性神志恍惚、眼睑闭合不全、言语不清、口腔黏膜糜烂、全身疼痛、麻痹性肠梗阻、尿潴留、手足麻木等症状,经积极解救,禁食,持续胃肠减压、胃管内注入麻油、开塞露、生理盐水灌肠,合理应用肠外营养,注重疼痛、心理护理,做好口腔、肛周护理,预防感染加重,患者病情得到控制好转出院。     

Correlates of stages of change of smoking among inhabitants of deprived neighbourhoods

BACKGROUND: This study examines the prevalence and correlates of stages of change of smoking, in terms of psychosocial, structural and sociodemographic factors, among inhabitants of deprived neighbourhoods. METHODS: Cross-sectional data were obtained from a survey on health related behaviour. Subjects were 2009 current and former smokers, aged 20-46, living in deprived neighbourhoods in Rotterdam, the second largest city in the Netherlands. Three groups of smokers were formed according to the stages of change-definitions of the Transtheoretical Model: smokers not planning to quit (precontemplators), smokers planning to quit (contemplators/preparators) and former smokers (actors/maintainers). Smokers planning to quit and smokers not planning to quit were compared regarding psychosocial factors (attitude, social norm, self-efficacy), structural factors (neighbourhood problems, material deprivation, financial problems, employment status) and sociodemographic factors (age, gender, marital status, cultural background, educational level). Former smokers were compared with smokers planning to quit regarding structural and sociodemographic factors. Logistic regression was used to assess correlates of stages of change. RESULTS: Smokers planning to quit (prevalence = 19%) reported a more positive attitude, stronger social norms and higher self-efficacy expectations in quitting smoking than smokers not planning to quit (prevalence = 57%). Smokers planning to quit less often were Dutch-born, more often had attended higher vocational schooling or university and more often reported experiencing two or more neighbourhood problems compared to smokers not planning to quit. Former smokers (prevalence = 24%) were older, more often Dutch-born, married, employed and higher educated, compared to smokers planning to quit. Furthermore, former smokers less often reported material deprivation and financial problems than smokers planning to quit. CONCLUSION: Among people living in deprived neighbourhoods, different factors correlate with different stages of change of smoking. Implications for health promotion are discussed.     

Choice of measures of vaccination and estimates of risk of pediatric pertussis

BackgroundVaccination uptake at the individual level can be assessed in a variety of ways, including traditional measures of being up-to-date (UTD), measures of UTD that consider dose timing, like age-appropriate vaccination, and risk reduction from individual doses. This analysis compared methods of operationalizing vaccination uptake and corresponding risk of pertussis infection.MethodsCity-wide case-control study of children in Philadelphia aged 3 months through 6 years, between 2001 and 2013. Multiple logistic regression was used to isolate the independent effects of each measure of vaccination uptake and the corresponding relative odds of pertussis.ResultsBeing UTD on vaccinations was associated with a 52% reduction in risk of pertussis (OR 0.48, 95% CI: 0.34, 0.69). Evaluation of delayed receipt of vaccine versus on-time UTD yielded similar results. There was a decrease in risk of pertussis for each additional dose received with the greatest reduction in pertussis infection observed from the first (OR 0.48, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.83) and second dose (OR 0.17, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.34). Additional doses conferred minimal additional protection in this age group.ConclusionExamining vaccination status by individual doses may offer improved predictive capacity for identifying children at risk for pertussis infection compared to the traditional UTD measure.     

两种不同肌瘤剔除术治疗子宫肌瘤的临床疗效比较

目的:比较腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术与腹式子宫肌瘤剔除术的临床疗效。方法:回顾分析63例腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术与61例腹式子宫肌瘤剔除术的临床资料,比较2种手术方式的手术时间、术中出血量、肛门排气时间、使用抗生素时间、术后感染率、体温恢复正常时间、住院时间等情况。结果:两组患者接受子宫肌瘤剔除术顺利完成,腹腔镜组手术时间长于开腹组(P0.05),腹腔镜组术中出血量及剔除肌瘤个数均少于开腹组(P0.05),术后腹腔镜组体温恢复正常时间、肛门排气时间、抗生素使用及住院时间均短于开腹组,两组患者最多随访6个月,腹腔镜组平均康复时间较开腹组短(P0.05),两组随访B超均未发现明显肌瘤结节。结论:腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术损伤小,恢复快,住院时间短,是值得推广的微创手术。     

上海市某医院骨科平均住院日影响因素分析

对上海市某医院2003年-2007年骨科出院病人的住院日描述性分析．2003年-2007年骨科的床位利用指数与平均住院日相关性分析．2003年-2007年骨科床位与医护比例分析．2007年骨科前10大病种平均住院目影响因素分别进行单因素相关性分析和多因素逐步回归分析（STATA软件）。通过对骨科10大病种住院日影响因素分析,术前等待天数、手术类型、是否输血分别对10个、9个和8个病种的住院目有影响。输血因素和手术类型是医院不可控、由病人的病情决定的,术前等待天数是管理因素,是最值得医院重视的影响因素。     

性发育异常发病机制的研究进展

正常的性腺分化可分为3个过程：原始性腺形成、性别决定和卵巢/睾丸发育。在任一环节中,基因表达或调控发生异常均有可能导致性发育异常疾病的发生。性发育异常是指染色体、性腺和解剖性别不典型。随着分子生物学技术的发展,不断地发现新的基因或信号通路参与性腺分化和发育,如SRY、SF1、WT1、Sox9等基因与睾丸发育密切相关,Wnt/Rspo1/B连环蛋白通路、Dax1、Foxl2等基因在卵巢分化中发挥着重要作用,一些非编码RNA和转化生长因子也有重要的调节功能,且睾丸和卵巢发育均为主动过程,即使在出生后因某些基因的改变两者间也可出现横向分化。这些为揭示性分化异常的发病机制提供了可能。     

尘肺病患者145例死因调查

目的分析汉中市尘肺病的发生、发展和死亡原因，以提高尘肺病患者的生存质量。方法对145例尘肺病患者的死因进行回顾性分析，计算其平均发病年龄、死亡年龄及患尘肺病后的存活年限。结果矽肺的平均发病年龄和死亡年龄均早于煤工尘肺和石棉肺，尘肺病的主要死因为患肺部疾患，患尘肺病后的平均存活年限为12a。结论加强职业健康体检工作，对尘肺病人做到早发现早治疗和预防并发症的发生。     

One-year stability of the Measure of Processes of Care

BACKGROUND: The Measure of Processes of Care (MPOC) is a 56-item self-administered measure designed to examine what parents of a child with a chronic health problem think of the services they and their child receive, and to measure the extent to which these services are family-centred. Reliability and validity of the MPOC were established in prior studies. The aim of the present study was to assess the 1-year stability of the MPOC to justify its use as an evaluative tool. METHODS: Nine paediatric rehabilitation centres in the Netherlands participated in this short longitudinal survey study. Subjects were 205 parents (response rate 74.8%) of children aged 1-18 years who received care in one of the participating paediatric rehabilitation centres. All subjects filled out two MPOCs with a 1-year interval. RESULTS: All correlations between the scale scores of the MPOC at the first and second administration were relatively high and significant (range: 0.443-0.609, all P < 0.001), demonstrating high inter-individual stability. However, all mean scale scores, except for Providing General Information, significantly reduced after 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: The MPOC has a moderate 1-year stability. However, because of its tendency to score lower when repeated after 1 year, its use as an evaluative follow-up instrument to assess the effectiveness of a programme intervention is restricted.     

儿童皮质发育畸形的MRI诊断

目的探讨儿童皮质发育畸形(MCD)的MRI表现特点,为MCD的早期诊断提供依据。 方法选择2010年1月至2012年12月在四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院放射科经MRI检查确诊为MCD的44例患儿为研究对象。回顾性分析及总结其MRI影像学特征。本研究遵循的程序符合四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院人体试验委员会制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准,征得受试对象及其监护人知情同意,并与监护人签署临床研究知情同意书。 结果本组44例经MRI确诊为MCD患儿中,巨脑回-无脑回为17例,多小脑回为14例,灰质异位为9例,脑裂畸形为4例。MCD的MRI特点中,巨脑回表现为脑回增宽、皮质增厚及白质变薄;无脑回表现为正常脑沟、脑回消失,皮质增厚及白质变薄;多小脑回表现为脑回增多、细小;灰质异位表现为皮质下及侧脑室周围深部白质区结节状、团块状或带状病灶,信号与灰质信号相同;脑裂畸形表现为从侧脑室到脑表面贯穿大脑半球的裂隙,表面覆盖灰质。 结论MRI是诊断儿童MCD的可靠影像学方法。     

244株真菌鉴定结果分析

目的 了解某院2000～2001年各类真菌的检出率。方法 用酵母样真菌同化试验编码鉴定板TH-15进行编码鉴定。结果 真菌分离率为8．85％；244株真菌分为10种，其中以白色念珠菌和热带念珠菌较高，分别占真菌总数的75．41％和11．47％；检出真菌的主要标本是痰和阴道分泌物。结论 及时进行真菌培养，有利于合理使用抗菌药物和控制真菌感染。