虚拟人鼻部可视化研究

目的：建立中国人体鼻部可视化数字模型。方法：应用中国女性数字化可视人体数据集，采用体绘制及面绘制重建方法，分别在P4微机和SGI工作站上对鼻部结构进行计算机三维重建及立体显示。结果：重建鼻部主要结构的三维数字模型，三维重建图像能够清晰显示鼻部众多结构的三维解剖关系。结论：中国女性数字化可视人体数据集能够提供完整精确的断面数据，鼻部三维交互可视化及数字模型可准确反映该区域复杂的解剖结构及其空间毗邻关系，可为该区疾病的影像诊断及鼻内镜手术治疗提供形态学依据。     

首套中国数字化可视人体数据集在第三军医大学研制成功

数字化可视人体数据集是利用计算机对人体结构数据进行三维模型重建，实现人体内部结构三维可视化。2003年2月，第三军医大学研制开发的原创性科研成果“首套中国数字化可视人体数据集”顺利通过了国家验收。     

首例中国可视化人体心脏三维重建及临床意义

目的 对首例中国数字化可视人体的心脏进行三维重建，为心脏疾病的影像学诊断和外科手术提供三维解剖学依据。方法 将首例中国数字化可视人体心脏部分的薄层断面(层厚1．0mm)输入SGI工作站，经数据分割、对位重建、平滑处理和三维显示等步骤，完成对心脏结构的三维重建。结果 本研究完整地重建出了心脏结构，重建的结构能够以多结构、多彩色实体模型方式显示，可显示心脏内部各结构的空间位置和毗邻关系，可在三维空间伴置上绕任意轴旋转任意角度。结论 重建出的三维图像清晰地显示了心脏内部和整体的结构，实现了心脏的二维可视化。     

男性上颈椎及其相关结构的计算机三维重建

目的　建立中国人体男性上颈椎局部可视化数字模型 ,为该区疾病的影像诊断及外科手术治疗提供形态学依据。方法　应用首例中国数字化可视人体数据集 ,在SGI工作站上对上颈椎部结构进行计算机三维重建及立体显示。结果　上颈椎部局部可视化数字模型能够清晰显示上颈椎部各种重要结构 ,着重显示了上颈椎部韧带、血管与骨性结构三维解剖关系。三维重建结构可以单独或联合显示 ,重建结构的任意径线及角度均可进行适时三维测量。结论　首例中国数字化可视人体数据集能够提供完整精确的断面数据 ,上颈椎可视化模型准确反映该区域复杂的解剖结构及其空间毗邻关系 ,可应用于上颈椎部外科手术教学以及手术入路的设计等     

男性盆底可视化研究

目的建立中国人体男性盆底局部可视化数字模型.方法应用首例中国数字化可视人体数据集,在SGI工作站上对盆底解剖结构进行计算机三维重建及立体显示.结果肛提肌由四部分组成,在薄层断面图像上可通过其所在不同层面和肌肉纤维走行方向清楚地将它们分开.盆底三维重建图像能够清晰显示盆底肌肉与骨性结构、膀胱、前列腺及直肠等的三维解剖关系.三维重建结构可以单独或联合显示,重建结构的任意径线及角度均可进行适时三维测量.结论首例中国数字化可视人体数据集能够提供完整精确的断面数据,盆底可视化模型准确反映该区复杂的解剖结构及空间毗邻关系,可为该区疾病的影像诊断及外科手术治疗提供形态学依据.     

脑干、三叉神经及大脑动脉环的可视化研究

目的 建立人体脑干、三叉神经及大脑动脉环的可视化数字模型。方法 采用首例中国数字化可视人体数据集，在SGI工作站上对脑干及其周围毗邻结构进行计算机三维重建并立体显示。结果 获得人体脑干、三叉神经及大脑动脉环等器官组织的三维重建结构，可对其进行任意径线和角度的适时三维测量。结论 首例中国数字化可视人体数据集能够提供完整而精确的解剖断面数据，脑干及其毗邻的三叉神经、大脑动脉环的可视化模型准确反映出该区域复杂的解剖学结构特点及其相邻器官间的空间毗邻关系，可为该区域的疾病的影像诊断和外科治疗提供形态学依据。     

耳三维重建及虚拟内窥镜

目的 建立人体耳部可视化数字模型，探索虚拟耳内窥镜在内耳解剖研究中的作用。方法 应用首例中国数字化可视人体数据集，在SGI工作站上对耳部重要结构进行计算机三维重建及立体显示，并模仿耳内窥镜对中耳、内耳等结构进行观察。结果 成功获得耳部可视化模型，应用虚拟内窥镜可清楚显示中耳及内耳结构三维形态。结论 虚拟耳内窥镜观察有助于分析阐明耳内部结构的三维空间毗邻关系，可为耳部疾病的影像诊断及耳神经外科手术提供形态学资料?     

肾脏及其周围结构的三维可视化研究

目的建立中国人肾脏及其周围结构的三维可视化模型.方法应用中国首套男、女性数字化可视人体数据集,在VRM计算机平台上建立人体肾脏及其周围结构的三维可视化模型并进行分析.结果成功建立了肾脏及其周围结构的三维可视化模型,该模型能进行任意角度的旋转和连续的任意方位的切割,并能清晰地显示出各个切割面的断面解剖结构.结论可视化肾脏能够实现肾脏及周围结构的任意方位的断面解剖,为虚拟肾脏手术奠定了基础.     

脊柱区颈段断层解剖学研究

目的 观测中国可视化人体男性脊柱区颈段连续横断面的重要结构。方法 应用首例中国数字化可视人体数据集，在薄层断面图像上观察和测量脊柱区颈段椎管、脊髓、横突孔、椎动脉等结构。结果 首例中国可视化人体的薄层断面图像上清楚地显示了脊柱区颈段的骨性组织、结缔组织、神经血管等重要结构。结论 首例中国数字化可视人体数据集能够提供完整精确的断面数据，脊住区颈段的断面解剖观测为临床上该区疾病的诊断和治疗提供了形态学依据。     

髋关节CT三维重建与可视化研究

目的建立髋关节可视化三维解剖模型,并对髋关节CT三维重建图像进行研究,为影像诊断学和外科学提供准确、直观的形态学资料。方法选取20例患者,对其髋关节进行螺旋CT扫描,在CT工作站上进行骨骼三维重建。选取中国首例女性可视化人体数据集之髋关节连续薄层断面解剖图像,在SGI工作站上对骨骼、肌肉、神经、血管等分别进行精确勾画、三维重建。结果螺旋CT三维重建成像能清楚显示髋关节骨性结构的毗邻空间关系。髋关节可视化重建对骨骼和周围软组织结构均能进行三维立体重现。结论髋关节CT三维重建和可视化三维解剖模型可全面准确重现髋关节三维立体形态和空间关系。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.