透视导航下经皮螺钉固定治疗髋臼骨折

目的探讨导航技术在经皮螺钉固定治疗髋臼骨折中的临床应用。方法2005年5月至2007年8月，使用C臂透视导航设备对带34个髋臼损伤的33例患者行导航下髋臼骨折经皮螺钉固定术。骨折按照AO分型，A3型21个，B1型8个，B2型2个和c1型3个。受伤到手术的平均时间为5．6d（2—8d）。2例患者髋臼骨折需要小切口切开复位。结果共放置空心螺钉43枚，放置1枚空心螺钉平均费时24．6rain，平均X线透视28．4s。将导航下图像与实时C臂机摄片进行对照，放置螺钉后验证位置平均偏差为1．96mm，平均偏差角度为2．45。。术中出血少，其中1枚螺钉出现偏移。术后1例患者出现股神经损伤症状，2个月后恢复，该神经症状与髋臼骨折使用小切口复位有关，与螺钉固定无关。术后无感染及内固定失败。关节功能评分：优25例，良5例，一般3例，优良率91％。结论经皮螺钉固定可以有效早期治疗髋臼损伤，透视导航技术可使螺钉固定的安置更加准确和安全，既减少了手术和X线暴露时间，又有利于患者早期的康复治疗。     

透视影像导航经皮螺钉内固定治疗不稳定骨盆骨折的初步报告

目的 探讨透视导航下经皮螺钉内固定治疗不稳定骨盆骨折的适应证及方法 ,初步评估手术效果. 方法 2006年8月至2008年9月收治16例骨盆骨折患者,根据Tile分型:B2型2例,B3型3例;C2型8例(2例合并髋臼骨折),C3型3例(1例合并髋臼骨折).透视导航经皮骶髂螺钉内固定14例26枚螺钉,耻骨支螺钉9例15枚螺钉,耻骨联合螺钉4例4枚螺钉,髋臼前柱螺钉2例2枚螺钉.术后根据影像资料评估螺钉位置及骨折愈合情况,分别记录骶髂螺钉、耻骨支螺钉、耻骨联合螺钉、髋臼前柱螺钉的平均每枚螺钉置入时间、术中透视时间. 结果 11例患者术后获平均(119.6±2.3)d(63～527 d)随访.骨折愈合时间平均为(67.7±9.7)d.3例患者术后有轻微会阴区及下肢麻木症状,无其他螺钉置入的相关并发症发生.术后X线片及CT确认所有螺钉位置均满意.平均每枚骶髂螺钉、耻骨支螺钉、耻骨联合螺钉、髋臼前柱螺钉的置入时间和术中透视时间分别为(26.39±6.23)、(0.57±0.03)min,(18.20±1.59)、(0.61±0.13)min,(13.70±2.13)、(0.33±0.06)min,(19.40±0.79)、(0.63±0.02)min.结论 不稳定骨盆骨折中的骶髂关节脱位或者骶骨骨折、耻骨支骨折、耻骨联合分离是术中透视影像导航下经皮螺钉固定治疗的适应证,导航下经皮螺钉固定治疗不稳定骨盆骨折具有微创、精确、安全的优点.     

计算机辅助导航热塑膜定位固定无移位髋臼后柱骨折的实验研究

目的 评估应用计算机辅助热塑膜定位系统微刨置入螺钉固定髋臼后柱骨折的准确性和有效性. 方法应用计算机辅助热塑膜定位系统将20枚空心钉置人10具标本的髋臼后柱.置入螺钉后,通过CR、CT检查螺钉的位置.结果 在计算机辅助热塑膜定位系统辅助下,直接置入螺钉,20枚髋臼后柱螺钉均在安全区内. 结论计算机辅助热塑膜定位系统为微创置入髋臼后柱螺钉提供准确的窄间定位和稳定的路径导航,操作时手术创伤明显减少,具备较好的安全性和准确性,为进一步应用于临床奠定了基础.     

三维"C"型臂透视导航下治疗髋臼骨折

 目的 探讨术中使用三维野C冶型臂透视导航下髋臼骨折微创治疗的安全性及临床疗效。 方法 2008年 8月至 2010年 12月, 对 20例无明显移位的髋臼骨折患者采用三维野C冶型臂透视导航 下经皮微创螺钉内固定治疗, 男 9例, 女 11例;年龄 26~54岁, 平均(37.1±1.2)岁。致伤原因: 交通伤 15 例, 高处坠落伤 5例。骨折按 AO分型: A1.1型 2例, A2.2型 3例, A2.3型 4例, A3.2型 2例, A3.3型 2例, B1.1型 2例, B2.2型 2例, B3.1型 1例,C2.1型 1例, C2.3型 1例。结果 伤后至入: 时间为 2~46h, 平均(8.6±0.2) h。入: 后行骨牵引 3~14d后手术。术中共置入空心钉 46枚, 平均每枚置入时间 为(22.6±1.2) min。除 1枚空心钉因术中采集图像时出现较大偏差需重新置入外, 其余均一次性准确置 入, 成功率为 97.8%。置入后术中使用三维野C冶型臂进行透视成像验证所有螺钉均未进入关节间隙, 与 术后 CT扫描验证结果一致, 符合率 100%。术后切口均一期愈合, 无内固定失败。 20例患者均获得随 访, 随访时间 12~28个月, 平均(22.8±1.7)个月。末次随访 X线片示骨折愈合, 螺钉置入位置满意。结论 术中三维透视成像导航下对无明显移位髋臼骨折进行经皮微创内固定, 可有效重建髋臼关节面的平整 性, 提高螺钉置入的精确度, 减少切口长度与出血量, 降低手术对患者的损害, 减少术后并发症的发生, 有利于患者功能康复。     

三维导航与普通透视下微创治疗髋臼骨折的比较研究

目的 比较Iso-C 三维计算机导航辅助下与普通C型臂X线机透视下经皮空心螺钉微创治疗髋臼骨折的效果.方法 回顾性分析2005年6月至2010年12月采用经皮空心螺钉微创治疗的37例髋臼骨折患者资料男23例,女14例,年龄18 ～56岁,平均35.8岁.所有患者均为闭合性髋臼骨折,按照AO分型:A2型9例,A3型18例...     

涉及髋臼的C3型复杂骨盆骨折内固定手术策略及疗效分析

[目的]探讨涉及髋臼骨折的复杂骨盆骨折内固定手术救治策略及其临床疗效。[方法]回顾性分析2010年1月~2014年1月,通过术前行骨牵引,术中微创螺钉或锁定钢板固定,先复位稳定髋臼以外的骨盆骨折,然后再采用有限切开复位内固定髋臼骨折的方法治疗复杂骨盆合并髋臼骨折患者,末次随访时采用Matta髋臼骨折复位标准、改良的Mere d'Aubigne和Postel髋关节评分标准评估优良率,同时记录术后并发症的发生情况。[结果]28例患者手术顺利,手术时间3~5 h,平均3.8 h,术中出血量200~550 ml。术后X线片及CT检查均显示骨盆及髋臼骨折复位固定良好,无围手术期并发症;28例均获得随访,末次随访,骨盆并髋臼骨折均愈合,愈合时间8~14周,平均12周;依据Matta髋臼骨折复位标准:优20例,良5例,可3例,优良率89.2%;依据Matta改良的Mere d'Aubigne和Postel髋关节评分标准:优19例,良7例,可2例,优良率92.8%。2例术后3个月后开始负重行走时存在行走疼痛,影像学表现为轻度髋关节骨性关节炎,无其他发现,减少活动或口服消炎镇痛类药物可改善。[结论]术前采用骨牵引、仰卧位微创技术先稳定骨盆骨折,再改换体位选择适当髋臼入路有限切开直视下复位固定髋臼骨折,手术创伤小,临床疗效满意。     

智能化骨折微创复位手术机器人系统治疗不稳定型骨盆骨折的随机对照研究

目的在机器人辅助或透视下经皮螺钉内固定治疗不稳定型骨盆骨折中, 比较机器人辅助微创复位和透视辅助下徒手闭合复位的近期疗效。方法采用前瞻性随机对照研究方法, 纳入2021年12月至2022年10月期间北京积水潭医院创伤骨科收治的35例新鲜不稳定型骨盆骨折患者。按照随机数字表法将患者分为两组:观察组17例, 男10例, 女7例;年龄(44.0±17.4)岁;采用机器人辅助微创复位、机器人辅助或透视下经皮螺钉内固定技术治疗。对照组18例, 男12例, 女6例;年龄(38.8±15.0)岁;采用透视辅助下徒手闭合复位, 机器人辅助或透视下经皮螺钉内固定技术治疗。比较两组患者的术中出血量、手术时间、复位成功率、复位误差、Matta复位优良率、透视次数和时间、Matta功能评分等。结果两组患者术前一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05), 具有可比性。观察组术中透视次数[(32.4±17.5)次]、透视时间[(19.8±10.4)s]均显著少于对照组[(60.8±26.6)次、(38.2±16.1)s], 观察组复位成功率100.0%(17/17), 显著高于对照组的72.2%(13/...     

计算机辅助骨科手术导航系统在芦山地震骨盆骨折治疗中的应用

目的 探讨计算机辅助骨科手术导航系统(CAOS)在芦山地震骨盆骨折治疗中的应用.方法 回顾性分析2013年4月20日至5月3日芦山地震中应用CAOS引导下手术治疗的6例骨盆骨折患者资料,男3例,女3例;年龄20 ～54岁,平均39.7岁.骨折按Tile分类:B型2例,C型4例.合并伤:双侧胫骨开放性骨折1例,肋骨骨折2例,股骨骨折3例,腰椎骨折2例,髌骨、肱骨骨折各1例,皮肤挫裂伤5例.6例患者于伤后3～10d(平均6d)均在CAOS引导下行手术治疗.术后复查骨盆X线片,并根据Matta标准评定疗效. 结果 6例患者共置入空心钉11枚,其中骶髂螺钉6枚(S15枚,S2l枚),耻骨支螺钉5枚(顺行2枚,逆行3枚).所有患者手术均顺利,术中无明显神经及血管损伤,术中置入每枚螺钉的平均出血量约为20 mL,术中平均总出血量为110 mL,术中平均置入每枚螺钉的透视时间为10 s,平均手术时间为110 min,术后复查骨盆X线片示骨折均复位满意,根据Matta标准评定疗效:优4例,良2例.手术切口均一期愈合,无切口感染、深静脉血栓形成、多器官功能障碍综合征等并发症发生. 结论 CAOS引导下手术由于其微创、术中出血量少、手术准确度高、术中透视时间短、手术时间相对较短等特点,可有效进行严重骨盆损伤、多发伤患者的损伤控制,可早期固定骨折,是治疗地震伤骨盆骨折的一种可行、安全、有效的方法.     

激光辅助轴位透视经皮螺钉固定治疗髋臼前柱骨折

目的探讨激光辅助轴位透视经皮螺钉固定治疗髋臼前柱骨折的可行性及近期临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2018年12月采用激光辅助轴位透视经皮螺钉固定治疗的髋臼前柱骨折患者20例(22髋),男11例,女9例;年龄(42.1±3.2)岁(范围,24~68岁)。单侧髋臼前柱骨折7例,双侧髋臼前柱骨折2例(4髋),髋臼前柱合并同侧骶骨骨折7例,髋臼前柱合并骶髂关节损伤4例。髋臼前柱骨折Nakatani分区:Ⅰ区3髋,Ⅱ区6髋,Ⅲ区13髋。受伤至手术时间为5 d(范围,3~11 d)。髋臼前柱骨折均采用激光辅助轴位透视经皮螺钉固定,合并骶骨骨折或骶髂关节损伤患者采用Starr架辅助复位后以经皮骶髂螺钉固定。记录患者髋臼前柱螺钉置入的手术时间、术中透视次数及术中出血量。术后采用Matta评分标准评定骨折复位质量,末次随访时根据改良Merle D'Aubignéand Postel评分系统评定髋关节功能。结果22髋的前柱螺钉置入手术时间为(22±10)min(范围,20~40 min),术中透视次数(30±8)次(范围,21~45次),术中出血量(20±5)ml(范围,10~40 ml)。20例患者术后均获得随访,随访时间(14±3.1)个月(范围,12~18个月)。骨折复位质量:解剖复位18髋,满意复位2髋,不满意复位2髋,优良率为91%(20/22)。骨折愈合时间为(13±2.2)周(范围,11~16周)。末次随访时髋关节功能:优18髋,良3髋,可1髋,优良率为95%(21/22)。1例术后前柱螺钉皮肤切口出现渗出,1例术中损伤臀上动脉分支导致术后臀部皮下瘀斑及血肿。随访期间无一例发生内固定物松动、断裂或骨折再次移位等并发症。结论采用激光辅助轴位透视经皮螺钉固定治疗髋臼前柱骨折,操作简便,手术时间短,不易损伤重要血管及神经,术中出血量少,近期疗效满意。     

C型臂机透视与导航下经皮空心螺钉内固定治疗骨盆骨折的比较研究

目的比较C型臂机透视下与导航下经皮空心螺钉内固定治疗骨盆骨折的临床效果，分析两种技术的特点。方法2005年1月．2006年2月，前瞻性研究采用微创内固定技术治疗23例骨盆骨折患者，其中男16例，女7例；平均年龄36．5岁。随机分为两组：A组采用X线透视下螺钉置入技术，共11例；B组应用计算机辅助导航下螺钉置入技术，共12例。比较两组患者在平均X线暴露时间、每枚螺钉置入时间、手术时间、骨折愈合时间、复位满意率及术后功能优良率等方面的结果。结果平均手术时间为83．4min，其中B组手术时间平均为75．3min，A组为91．6min。与A组比较，B组平均X线暴露时间、每枚螺钉置入时间、手术时间均较少，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；而在平均骨折愈合时间、复位满意率及术后功能优良率方面，两组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。术中出血量为10，30mL。术后经6，18个月（平均13．5个月）随访，无骨折延迟愈合或畸形愈合。结论经皮微创空心螺钉内固定技术手术创伤小、术后并发症少、骨折愈合率高、固定可靠、患者功能恢复满意，是治疗骨盆骨折的有效手段。应用计算机辅助导航技术可减少X线透视时间，缩短手术时间，使手术更加精确、安全。     

维生素D受体在糖尿病肾病足细胞损伤及蛋白尿缓解中的作用

目的探讨维生素D受体(VDR)在糖尿病肾病(DKD)足细胞中的表达水平及在足细胞损伤及蛋白尿缓解中的作用。方法(1)本研究纳入了65例诊断患有2型糖尿病(伴或不伴蛋白尿)的患者,并纳入了25例年龄和性别相匹配的健康体检者为对照组。根据白蛋白/肌酐(ACR)的尿排泄比例对2型糖尿病患者进行分组,分别为无蛋白尿(ACR<30 mg/g,n=24)、微量白蛋白尿(ACR 30~300 mg/g,n=18)和临床蛋白尿(ACR>300 mg/g,n=23)。另选择25例经肾活检确诊的DKD患者作为DKD组。正常肾脏组织标本均取自泌尿外科同一时期肾脏肿瘤切除患者10例。将各组检测指标进行对比,同时采用实时定量PCR、ELISA法和免疫组化法检测VDR在各组患者的血液、尿液样本和肾脏组织中的表达情况,以及使用Pearson相关分析分析VDR与尿蛋白的相关性。(2)在2型糖尿病肾病小鼠模型中对上述结果进行验证,将遗传背景均为C57BLKs/J的雄性db/db小鼠及同窝出生的db/m小鼠,随机分为正常对照组(A组)、DKD对照组(B组)、DKD二甲基亚砜处理组(C组)、DKD帕立骨化醇(VDR激动剂)处理组(D组),C、D组连续腹腔注射处理8周,对照组不做任何处理。小鼠10周龄时开始连续干预8周,在小鼠22周龄(开始干预后12周)检测各组小鼠体重、血、尿生化指标对比;Western印迹法检测β⁃catenin、VDR的变化;免疫荧光观察足细胞标志蛋白podocin及足细胞损伤蛋白α⁃SMA的表达变化。结果(1)与正常健康对照组相比,无蛋白尿组、微量白蛋白尿组和临床蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05);与无蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者相比,微量白蛋白尿组和临床蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05)。(2)与正常健康对照组相比,无蛋白尿糖尿病组和DKD组患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05);与无蛋白尿糖尿病组患者相比,DKD组患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平亦较低(均P<0.05)。(3)免疫组化结果显示,DKD组肾组织中VDR的表达明显少于正常对照组。(4)DKD患者血浆中VDR mRNA相对水平与ACR呈负相关(r=-0.342,P<0.05)。(5)各组尿液上清液中VDR的水平与血浆中的水平呈相反趋势。(6)Western印迹结果显示,B组、C组肾小球足细胞β⁃catenin蛋白表达高于D组(均P<0.05),VDR蛋白的表达低于D组(均P<0.05);免疫荧光结果显示,B组、C组肾小球足细胞podocin的表达低于D组(均P<0.05),α⁃SMA的表达高于D组(均P<0.05)。结论VDR高表达缓解DKD足细胞损伤及蛋白尿。     

Anterior Interosseous Nerve Palsy After Shoulder Arthroscopy Treated With Surgical Decompression: A Case Series and Systematic Review of the Literature

Background: Anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) palsy is a very uncommon cause of upper extremity pain and weakness that comprises less than 1% of all upper extremity nerve palsies. Rarely reported but also mentioned in the literature is AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy. Methods: A systematic review of the literature to date using PubMed was conducted to identify patients who suffered AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy procedures. Articles included met the following criteria: (1) published in English; (2) primary presentation of the data; (3) patients had undergone shoulder arthroscopy before developing symptoms of AIN palsy; and (4) diagnosis was confirmed with clinical symptoms of AIN palsy. Measured outcomes included patient demographics, specific shoulder procedure, anesthesia procedure, intra-operative patient positioning, intra-operative compressive dressing, intra-operative traction, surgical versus conservative treatment, abnormal findings during decompression procedure, proposed mechanism of injury, and follow-up. Results: The search yielded 6 articles, of which 4 (13 cases) met inclusion criteria. An additional 2 cases were included in this report totaling 15 cases. The average patient age was 49 years (range: 31-64) with 73% males. At average follow-up of 24 months, 67% of patients experienced complete resolution of symptoms—more than half of which underwent surgical decompression. Patients who failed to progress experienced weakness of the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus muscles. Conclusions: Proposed injury mechanisms for AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy range from mechanical trauma, compressive hematoma, and direct anesthetic neurotoxicity. Management should be directed by clinical symptoms, imaging, and patient factors with majority of patients expected to have excellent clinical outcomes.     

不同尿钙水平的Gitelman综合征患者临床特点比较

目的观察不同尿钙水平Gitelman综合征(GS)患者的临床特点,探讨尿钙在GS疾病临床分型中的价值。方法收集2016—2018年来自中国国家罕见病注册系统(NRSC)、在北京协和医院行SLC12A3基因检测诊断为GS患者的临床资料,分析其尿钙特点,比较不同尿钙水平患者的临床和实验室检查指标。氢氯噻嗪试验按照标准操作流程进行,测定患者基线和用药后3 h内氯离子排泄分数改变量的最大值(ΔFECl)。结果共有83例GS患者被纳入研究,其中低尿钙患者53例(63.86%)。低尿钙组尿钙/肌酐比明显低于非低尿钙组[(0.085±0.058)mmol/mmol比(0.471±0.284)mmol/mmol,t=7.349,P<0.001]。两组患者在年龄、性别、估算肾小球滤过率、血压、血尿电解质水平、代谢性碱中毒方面差异均无统计学意义。低尿钙组患者乏力(χ2=4.595,P=0.032)及多尿(χ2=5.778,P=0.016)发生比例低于非低尿钙组,两组患者在其他临床症状方面差异无统计学意义。低尿钙和非低尿钙组各有16例患者行氢氯噻嗪试验,中位ΔFECl结果分别为0.539%(0.430%,1.283%)和0.829%(0.119%,1.298%),均提示对氢氯噻嗪无反应,组间差异无统计学意义(U=130.000,P=0.956)。结论GS患者中低尿钙比例为63.86%,尿钙水平与疾病临床表型、NCC功能损伤严重程度之间均无明确相关性。     

Role of Conventional and Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Spinal Treatment Protocol for Hydatid Disease

Objective:

To demonstrate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in determining the treatment protocol for hydatid disease of the spine.

Design:

Case report; literature review.

Findings:

Diffusion-weighted MRI can help differentiate complicated infected hydatidosis from abscesses, epidermoid cysts from arachnoid cysts, and benign from malignant vertebral compression fractures. It is also helpful in differentiating between abscesses and necrotic tumors.

Conclusion:

Diffusion-weighted MRI can help differentiate between infections requiring immediate surgery and those that can be treated medically with antihelmintic treatment.     

Fibrinogen-thrombin collagen patch reinforcement of highrisk colonic anastomoses in rats

AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of human fibrinogenthrombin collagen patch(TachoSil~?) in the reinforcement of high-risk colon anastomoses.METHODS A quasi-experimental study was conducted in Wistar rats(n = 56) that all underwent high-risk anastomoses(anastomosis with only two sutures) after colectomies. The rats were divided into two randomized groups: Control group(24 rats) and treatment group(24 rats). In the treatment group, high-risk anastomosis was reinforced with TachoSil~? (a piece of Tacho Sil? was applied over this high-risk anastomosis, covering the gap). Leak incidence, overall survival, intra-abdominal adhesions, and histologic healing of anastomoses were analyzed. Survivors were divided into two subgroups and euthanized at 15 and 30 d after intervention in order to analyze the adhesions and histologic changes. RESULTS Overall survival was 71.4% and 57.14% in the TachoSil~? group and control group, respectively(P = 0.29); four rats died from other causes and six rats in the treatment group and 10 in the control group experienced colonic leakage(P 0.05). The intra-abdominal adhesion score was similar in both groups, with no differences between subgroups. We found non-significant differences in the healing process according to the histologic score used in both groups(P = 0.066).CONCLUSION In our study, the use of TachoSil~? was associated with a non-statistically significant reduction in the rate of leakage in high-risk anastomoses. TachoSil~? has been shown to be a safe product because it does not affect the histologic healing process or increase intra-abdominal adhesions.     

罗伊适应模式对腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术后恢复情况的影响

目的探讨罗伊适应模式对患者腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术后恢复情况的影响。 方法将2016年1月至2019年5月在秦皇岛市第二医院择期进行无张力修补术治疗的120例腹股沟疝患者，按照随机数字法分为对照组和观察组，每组各60例。对照组采用常规护理治疗，观察组在对照组的基础上采用罗伊适应模式。比较2组患者的术后临床指标、心理状态、围手术期并发症发生情况及满意度。 结果术后观察组患者的首次排气时间、恢复正常饮食时间、离床活动时间和术后住院时间均低于对照组（P<0.05）；术后观察组患者的抑郁自评量表（SDS）和焦虑自评量表（SAS）评分显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；术后2组患者均无切口感染发生，2组患者尿潴留、急性疼痛、认知功能障碍、发热、血肿等发生率相比无统计学差异（P>0.05）；术后观察组患者护理满意度为96.67%，显著高于对照组的83.33%（P<0.05）。 结论在常规护理的基础上，罗伊适应模式用于患者腹股沟疝无张力修补围手术期，能有效改善术后患者的焦虑/抑郁情绪，不增加围手术期并发症，促进术后患者的恢复及提高治疗满意度。     

血浆凝血因子VIII水平与IgA肾病患者临床病理改变及预后的关系

目的探讨血浆凝血因子VIII(factor VIII,FVIII)水平与IgA肾病(IgAN)患者临床参数及预后的关系。方法收集2016年1月至2016年12月中南大学湘雅二医院确诊的IgAN患者的临床资料。按照时间依赖的受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)得出的血浆FVIII预测IgAN预后的临界值,将患者分为高FVIII组(FVIII>140.50%)和低FVIII组(FVIII≤140.50%),比较两组患者肾活检时基线临床参数的差异。以估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)下降≥30%或进入终末期肾脏病(ESRD)为终点事件,采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线及Cox回归方程法分析血浆FVIII水平对IgAN患者预后的影响。结果共93例IgAN患者纳入本研究,中位随访时间为35.15(33.77,36.76)个月,12例(12.90%)患者发生终点事件。高FVIII组患者年龄、血肌酐、尿素氮、血三酰甘油、血总胆固醇、血浆纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体、24 h尿蛋白量、蛋白C、蛋白S和eGFR下降速率高于低FVIII组(均P<0.05);eGFR、血白蛋白、中位随访时间低于低FVIII组(均P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果显示,与低FVIII组比较,高FVIII组患者肾脏累积生存率降低(χ2=5.635,P=0.018)。在校正收缩压、eGFR、尿蛋白、肾小管萎缩/间质纤维化程度等因素后,多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,高血浆FVIII水平是IgAN患者肾脏预后不良的独立危险因素(HR=4.147,95%CI 1.055~16.308,P=0.042)。结论血浆FVIII水平与IgAN患者临床指标及预后相关,高血浆FVIII水平是IgAN患者肾脏预后不良的独立危险因素。     

Safety and tolerability of single intravenous doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium in healthy volunteers

BACKGROUND: Sugammadex rapidly reverses rocuronium- and vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block. To investigate the effect of combination of sugammadex and rocuronium or vecuronium on QT interval, it would be preferable to avoid the interference of anaesthesia. Therefore, this pilot study was performed to investigate the safety, tolerability, and plasma pharmacokinetics of single i.v. doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium to anaesthetized and non-anaesthetized healthy volunteers. METHODS: In this phase I study, 12 subjects were anaesthetized with propofol/remifentanil and received sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) combined with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1); four subjects were not anaesthetized and received sugammadex 32 mg kg(-1) with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) (n=2 per treatment). Neuromuscular function was assessed by TOF-Watch SX monitoring in anaesthetized subjects and by clinical tests in non-anaesthetized volunteers. Sugammadex, rocuronium, and vecuronium plasma concentrations were measured at several time points. RESULTS: No serious adverse events (AEs) were reported. Fourteen subjects reported 23 AEs after study drug administration. Episodes of mild headache, tiredness, cold feeling (application site), dry mouth, oral discomfort, nausea, increased aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase levels, and moderate injection site irritation were considered as possibly related to the study drug. The ECG and vital signs showed no clinically relevant changes. Rocuronium/vecuronium plasma concentrations declined faster than those of sugammadex. CONCLUSIONS: Single-dose administration of sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) in combination with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) was well tolerated with no clinical evidence of residual neuromuscular block, confirming that these combinations can safely be administered simultaneously to non-anaesthetized subjects. Rocuronium and vecuronium plasma concentrations decreased faster than those of sugammadex, reducing the theoretical risk of neuromuscular block developing over time.     

Factors Associated With Reoperation After Silicone Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthroplasty

Background: Silicone proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint arthroplasty has a high revision rate. It has been suggested that persistent ulnar deviation and joint instability influence the durability of PIP silicone arthroplasties. The goal of this study was to evaluate what factors are associated with reoperation after silicone PIP arthroplasty. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated all adult patients who underwent PIP silicone arthroplasty between 2002 and 2016 at one institutional system for inflammatory-, posttraumatic-, and primary degenerative arthritis. After manual chart review, we included 91 patients who underwent 114 arthroplasties. Fingers operated included 14 index, 41 middle, 38 ring, and 21 small fingers. Results: The overall reoperation rate was 14% (n = 16). Non-Caucasian race (P = .040), smoking (P = .022) and PIP silicone arthroplasty for post-traumatic osteoarthritis (P = .021) were associated with reoperation. The 1-, 5- and 10-year implant survival rates were 87%, 85%, and 85%, respectively. Conclusion: Caution should be exercised when considering PIP silicone arthroplasty of the index finger or in patients with post-traumatic osteoarthritis. It may be worthwhile addressing smoking behavior before pursuing silicone PIP arthroplasty.     

Effect of the implementation of NICE guidelines for ultrasound guidance on the complication rates associated with central venous catheter placement in patients presenting for routine surgery in a tertiary referral centre

BACKGROUND: The National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines of 2002 recommended the use of ultrasound (US) for central venous catheterization in order to minimize complications associated with central line placement. An ongoing audit of line placement by anaesthetists in the theatre complex of a tertiary referral centre looked at the associated complication rates. The objective of the study was to compare complication rates pre- and post-implementation of NICE guidelines. METHODS: This prospective, single centre audit looked at all patients in whom a central venous catheter was placed for surgery. Complication rates were assessed for procedures that were performed pre- and post-implementation of NICE guidelines. In total, 438 patients were identified for the study, and the procedures were performed either by trainee or by consultant anaesthetists. RESULTS: The pre- and post-implementation complication rates were 10.5% (16/152) and 4.6% (13/284), respectively, representing an absolute risk reduction of 5.9% (95% CI 0.5-11.3%). Comparison of those procedures in which US was used when compared with the landmark technique after implementation found a reduction of 6.9% in complications (95% CI 1.4-12.4%). The reduction in complication rates was larger for specialist registrars than for consultants (11.2% vs 1.6%). CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of NICE guidelines has been associated with a significant reduction in complication rates in our tertiary referral centre. In the light of the cross-speciality evidence of US superiority and our results, it is imperative that routine use of US guidance becomes more widespread.