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计算机辅助导航热塑膜定位固定骶髂关节脱位的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
骶髂关节骨折脱位是骨科常见损伤,经皮微创内固定已成为固定骶髂关节的发展趋势。经皮螺钉置入方法具有对软组织损伤小、出血少和感染率低等优点,不足之处是螺钉的误置可能损伤腰骶神经根、髂血管及马尾神经,术中应用放射线定位对人体亦有伤害。本研究应用计算机辅助热塑膜定位 相似文献
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目的 探讨不同管径静脉移植治疗山羊股动脉缺损对移植物内膜增厚的影响.方法 选取同品系体格健壮的山羊20只,40条股动脉.随机分为A、B、C、D、E 5组,每组4只,8条股动脉.各组由细到粗选取不同管径的静脉作为移植物修复相同部位的股动脉缺损.A、B组和E组静脉管径分别明显小于和大于宿主动脉,C、D组静脉管径与宿主动脉接近.术后1 d和28 d进行血流动力学分析,术后28 d取材,对移植静脉进行病理学观测,测定内膜厚度、管腔直径和壁剪切应力,统计分析各组间的差异.结果 术后28 d A、B、E组内膜厚度大于C、D组,A、B组静脉移植物扩张程度大于其他组,壁剪切应力随着移植物管径的增加而减小.结论 移植静脉管径与宿主动脉接近时其内膜增厚程度最轻. 相似文献
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髋关节置换术是治疗股骨头坏死、老年股骨颈骨折和髋关节骨性关节炎的有效方法[1].髋关节置换手术要求术前术后肢体等长,若出现术后双下肢不等长,会造成走路跛行,严重影响治疗效果.目前髋关节高度的判断主要依靠术者的经验及术前X线片测量结果,准确性欠佳.但由于术中置换区域暴露有限,位置深在,且缺乏专用的术中髋关节高度测量工具,给这类手术的操作带来了很大的不便.这种情况到目前为止没有得到根本的改变,成为制约骨科髋关节置换术取得理想效果的主要因素,很有必要采取措施加以解决. 相似文献
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陈旧性胫骨平台骨折畸形愈合属于创伤骨科治疗难题,本研究首次采用髌骨取骨反转移植的方式治疗陈旧性胫骨平台骨折畸形愈合的患者1例,术中钻取髌骨中央关节面,规格为高22 mm、直径15 mm的圆柱体,将包含有关节面的圆柱体以关节面朝向股骨内髁的方式植入,髌骨残腔取髂骨填塞,术后影像学检查及临床效果满意。 相似文献
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Complex segmental femoral fractures are usually not amenable to closed reduction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a series of patients who had undergone four pins assisted reduc- tion and intramedullary nail fixation to determine the therapeutic effect of this closed reduction tech- nique. Between December 2010 and January 2013, 15 consecutive patients with segmental femoral fractures were treated with four pins assisted reduction at our hospital. The patient was placed in a supine position on a radiolucent fracture table and a. gentle traction was attempted on the limb. Usu- ally, the proximal fracture segment exhibited the typical deformity of flexion, external rotation, and abduction, the middle segment exhibited adduction and distal fracture segment exhibited flexion. Four Schanz pins were placed percutaneously to fix one cortex and did not penetrate into the me- dullary cavity, and the "T" sharp handles were fixed on the Schanz pins. The fragments were then re- duced by reversing the deforming forces for segmental fractures by two assistants~ And then, the re- duction could be easily achieved and intramedullary nail fixation was performed. Radiographs were evaluated for the quality of the reduction and fracture union. Closed reduction was achieved in all pa- tients using the four pins technology. All 15 fractures united uneventfully. No patient had a rotational malunion or limb length discrepancy at the time of the last follow-up. Thirteen of the fifteen (86.7%) patients had anatomic reduction and two of them (13.3%) had minor varus alignment of 3° and 5°. Knee stiffness was Observed in 2 patients and no implant failure was observed. Surgical treatment of complex segmental femoral fractures With four pins assisted reduction and intramedullary nail fixation techniques can result in excellent reductions and a high union rate. 相似文献
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临床上髋臼骨折经皮固定是通过闭孔出口位和髂骨入口位来定位的,但透视次数多,定位准确性不高.因此笔者通过对骨盆标本前柱不同投照角度的影像学观察,确定髋臼前柱轴位像的最佳投照角度,以减少透视次数并提高螺钉置入的准确性. 相似文献
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刘家伦 《河北医科大学学报》2022,43(9):1113
胫骨平台骨折是下肢骨折中最常见的类型之一,该病往往影响膝关节功能。因此,胫骨平台骨折需得到更多的重视。本文结合国内外文献,对胫骨平台骨折的微创手术治疗进行阐述及分析,旨在加深骨科临床医护人员对胫骨平台骨折的理解,帮助患者得到更好的功能恢复效果,提高该病的诊治和管理水平。 相似文献
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目的对比CT三维重建模型下模拟髋臼前柱2种经皮置钉方法的效果。方法选取55例正常成人骨盆CT资料构建三维模型,共110侧髋臼前柱,调整模型透明度使其类似常规X线片,分别用2种置钉方法进行置钉,A组利用出口闭孔位和入口髂骨位引导置钉,B组利用髋臼前柱轴位引导置钉,置钉完成后恢复图像为不透明状态,记录螺钉是否进入髋关节及与耻骨支的位置关系。结果55例110侧髋臼,4侧未能找到髋臼前柱轴位影像予以剔除,106侧髋臼前柱纳入研究。2组模型均无螺钉进入髋臼。A组螺钉置入优秀、良好、尚可率分别为59.4%、17.0%、23.6%,B组分别为59.4%、22.6%、17.9%,2组总体置钉质量差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.829,P=0.407)。A组女性骨盆置钉优秀、良好、尚可率分别为7.1%、21.4%、71.4%,B组分别为28.6%、21.4%、50.0%,B组置钉质量显著高于A组(Z=-3.000,P=0.003)。A组男性骨盆置钉优秀率78.2%,良好率15.4%,尚可率6.4%,B组分别为70.5%、23.1%、6.4%,2组差异无显著性(Z=-0.969,P=0.333)。结论髋臼前柱轴位可以作为引导置钉的一种手段,尤其适用于女性患者,对于男性患者,2种方法均可实现较好的置钉。 相似文献