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1.
21年初产妇剖宫产率及适应证的变化分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 从初产妇剖宫产率和适应证的变化中,探讨剖宫产率升高的原因。方法 抽样选择1984-2004年21年初产妇剖宫产病例671例,比较及分析其剖宫产率及适应证的变化。结果 ①剖宫产率呈逐年上升趋势,而产钳率呈逐年下降趋势;②剖宫产占难产分娩的比例逐年增高,同期产钳助产占难产分娩的比例逐年下降;③2000年以前居于前4位的剖宫产手术指征是:相对头盆不称、胎儿窘迫、胎位异常、胎膜早破;1999年起珍贵儿指征已出现,2004年已跃居第2位;④新生儿出生体重的增加和产妇年龄的增大也是影响初产妇剖宫产率增高的原因。结论 初产妇增多并不是引起剖宫产率增高的主要原因。应加强孕产期保健,鼓励产妇阴道分娩,严格掌握剖宫产指征。  相似文献   

2.
5年剖宫产手术指征变迁的因素分析   总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18  
目的:剖析近5年来剖宫产率居高不下的主要影响因素,为合理控制剖宫产率的具体措施提供资料。方法:对近5年南京市第一医院所有剖宫产病例的手术指征的构成比及主要顺位的变化进行回顾性分析。结果:①剖宫产和难产占分娩总数的比例轻度下降,产钳助产占分娩总数的比例呈逐年下降趋势;②剖宫产主要手术指征的变迁因素,剖宫产构成比下降的有瘢痕子宫、骨盆狭窄、妊娠并发症等,变化不大的是胎儿窘迫、相对性头盆不称、胎位异常;有显著升高的是妊娠合并症、产程异常、社会因素。结论:如今,剖宫产手术指征已远远超过单纯医学指征的范围,随时代而发生相应的变化。  相似文献   

3.
目的:探讨我院2001年—2010年影响分娩方式的相关因素,分析剖宫产率上升的原因,探讨干预对策。方法:对我院2001—2010年剖宫产病例和正常分娩病例进行回顾性分析.结果:10年在我院分娩产妇总数为8238例,剖宫产数为5736例,剖宫产率最高为73.44%,最低为59.18%,平均为69.62%,在剖宫产中无手术指征比例高达48.02%。结论:剖宫产率逐年上升已成为产科界较为关注的问题,剖宫产中社会因素呈迅速上升趋势,应加强围产期保健,采取相应的干预措施,正确处理难产,严格掌握剖宫产指征降低剖宫产率。  相似文献   

4.
剖宫产率及剖宫产指征14年变化研究   总被引:142,自引:2,他引:142  
目的:探讨剖宫产率及剖宫产指征的变化和对围生儿病死率的影响。方法:选择14年间剖宫产病例820例,分析剖宫产率及剖宫产指征变化、各项相关数据和围生儿病死率的关系。结果:①剖宫产率逐年上升;②在剖宫产指征变化中,难产因素、胎儿窘迫持续在第1、2位,社会因素占第3位,并显示逐年升高;③围生儿病死率逐年趋于稳定。结论:剖宫产率升高,在一定范围内降低了围生儿病死率,但剖宫产率升高到20以上时,围生儿病死率并不随之下降。  相似文献   

5.
5年剖宫产指征变化分析   总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16  
目的:剖析近五年来剖宫产率上升的原因及其影响因素,探讨降低剖宫产率的对策.方法:对我院2002~2006年剖宫产率及剖宫产指征变化进行回顾性分析.结果:剖宫产率呈逐年上升趋势,而阴道助产率呈逐年下降趋势;在剖宫产指征中,社会因素、妊娠合并症及并发症、羊水过少剖宫产率上升,而胎儿窘迫、产程异常剖宫产率下降;在各年度手术指征的顺位中,社会因素始终居前3位,且逐年上升至第1位.结论:近年来,剖宫产率上升的主要原因为社会因素.  相似文献   

6.
近10年剖宫产率及剖宫产指征变化的临床分析   总被引:76,自引:0,他引:76  
目的 :总结近 10年剖宫产率及剖宫产指征的变化。方法 :回顾性分析我院近 10年来剖宫产孕妇的临床资料。结果 :①剖宫产率逐年升高 ,1992年为 2 1.1% ,2 0 0 1年上升至 5 7%。② 1992~ 1999年 ,剖宫产指征以难产为第 1位 ,而近 2年 ,社会因素占第 1位。结论 :剖宫产率升高主要为无医学指征行剖宫产术增多所致 ,降低剖宫产率的关键是严格掌握剖宫产指征 ,尽量减少因社会因素而行的剖宫产术  相似文献   

7.
目的:通过分析上海危重孕产妇会诊抢救中心近10年来剖宫产手术指征构成比的变化趋势,为合理控制剖宫产率提供依据.方法:回顾分析2002年、2005年、2008年及2011年在我中心分娩的8720例产妇的临床资料,观察剖宫产率及剖宫产指征的变化趋势.结果:(1)近10年,剖宫产率有明显上升趋势(从2002年的53.59%升至63.82%,P<0.0001).(2)各剖宫产指征的构成比有显著差异(P<0.0001).其中,胎儿宫内窘迫、头位难产所占比例明显下降;疤痕子宫、妊娠各种并发症或合并症所占比例显著上升;2002年高龄初产、珍贵儿等社会因素所占比例为14.39%,2005年最高达28.03%,2008年有下降趋势,2011年降为18.74%.(3)妊娠合并症或并发症为剖宫产指征时,多数合并内科疾病,10年来其比例有显著上升趋势(2002年为64.66%,2011年为86.44%);妊娠期高血压疾病所占比例显著下降,而合并心脏病、免疫系统疾病、内分泌系统疾病所占比例显著升高.结论:上海危重孕产妇会诊抢救中心10年间剖宫产指征的构成比有显著变化,其中产科因素指征逐年下降,而外科因素显著上升.本中心具有诊治产科疑难危重,尤其严重内外科合并症的综合抢救优势.需继续控制无高危因素的社会因素剖宫产术.  相似文献   

8.
25年初产妇剖宫产率及适应证的变化分析   总被引:27,自引:1,他引:27  
目的 从初产妇剖宫产率和适应证的变化中,探讨剖宫产率升高的原因.方法 抽样选择1970~1995年25年初产妇剖宫产病例562例,比较及分析其剖宫产率及适应证的变化.结果 初产妇剖宫产率自80年代逐年上升.在剖宫产适应证中,难产因素比例逐年下降,胎儿因素比例逐年上升;新生儿出生体重的增加和产妇年龄的增大也是影响初产妇剖宫产率增高的原因.结论 初产妇增多并不是引起剖宫产率增高的主要原因.应加强孕产期保健,鼓励产妇阴道分娩,严格掌握剖宫产指征.  相似文献   

9.
分娩助产技术选择   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
分娩是正常的生理过程,大多数产妇都能从阴道自然娩出胎儿。而随着近年来阴道难产率的升高及剖宫产指征的放宽,以及各种社会因素的干扰,剖宫产率呈明显上升趋势。如能在分娩过程中,采用适当的助产方法,对于降低剖宫产率,保证母儿健康仍是安全而有效的手段。助产技术种类繁多,对不同胎位、不同情况手术方式也各异。胎头吸引术及产钳术是分娩时的常用助产技术,  相似文献   

10.
近15年剖宫产率及剖宫产指征变化的临床分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的总结近15年剖宫产率及剖宫产指征的变化。方法回顾性分析我院近15年来剖宫产孕妇的临床资料。结果(1)剖宫产率逐年升高,1992年为12.1%,2006年上升至38.6%,明显高于WHO提出的目标;(2)1992—2003年,剖宫产指征以难产为第一位,而2004年以后,社会因素跃为首位。结论剖宫产率上升的主要原因是无医学指征剖宫产术增加所致,与医患双方有关,降低剖宫产率的关键是减少社会因素所致剖宫产,严格掌握手术指征。  相似文献   

11.
10年间剖宫产率及指征变化与围生儿死亡率的关系   总被引:87,自引:0,他引:87  
目的:探讨剖宫产率及剖宫产指征变迁对围生儿死亡率的影响。方法:对10年间剖宫产病例资料进行回顾性分析。结果:1992-1996年剖宫产率为36.50%,显著低于1997-2001年的47.78%,两者比较,差异有极显著性(P<0.01)。在剖宫产指征中,妊娠并发(合并)症始终处于第1位,社会因素上升为第2位,难产为第3位,胎儿窘迫为第4位。围生儿死亡率1992-1996年为17.88‰,1997-2001年为22.23‰,两者比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:剖宫产率升高在一定范围内降低了围生儿死亡率,但随着剖宫产率的进一步升高,围生儿死亡率并未随之下降。因此,应合理掌握剖宫产指征,降低剖宫产率。  相似文献   

12.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of cesarean sections (CSs) and women's reasons for requesting the procedure in a developing country. METHOD: Pregnant women scheduled for elective CS were interviewed to determine whether the procedure was requested by them or suggested by a physician. The women who personally requested a CS filled out questionnaires before surgery and at the postnatal visit 6 weeks later, and their answers were analyzed. RESULTS: The prevalence of CS on request was 4.4%. Previous infertility and advanced maternal age at first pregnancy were the most common reasons for requesting a CS, but most women said they would prefer a vaginal delivery in subsequent pregnancies. CONCLUSION: The women who requested a CS in this study did so for reasons different from those put forth by women in developed countries. The view that a CS is the surest way toward a live birth was the critical factor underlying their choice.  相似文献   

13.
3475例剖宫产指征分析   总被引:85,自引:0,他引:85  
目的 探讨1997年初至1998年末剖宫产指征的掌握情况。方法 对3475例剖宫产病例进行回顾性分析。结果 剖宫产率为45.2%。主要指征依次为:妊娠并发症(36.6%)、胎儿窘迫(22.6%)、妊娠合并症(13.5%)、巨大儿(10.2%)、珍贵儿(9.8%)、臀位(9.8%)、高龄初产(9.1%),其中巨大儿的诊断符合率62.3%、56%(13.5%)、巨大儿(10.2%)、珍贵儿(9.8%)  相似文献   

14.
改良筋膜横切口保留腹壁浅静脉的临床意义   总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23  
目的探讨改良筋膜横切口保留腹壁浅静脉的临床意义。方法对42例剖宫产患者采用改良筋膜横切口,术中保留一侧腹壁浅静脉,而对侧静脉横断,进行同体对照比较,术后3天用远红外线计算机化热成像(CET)仪对切口进行测温分析,术后40天用游标卡尺对瘢痕厚度进行测量分析。结果(1)切断血管侧温度为(36.7±0.51)℃;保留血管侧为(35.8±0.81)℃。切口双侧术后温度差为(0.098±0.088)℃,两者比较,差异有极显著性(P<0.01)。切断血管处局部在CET显示屏上呈相对热区改变。(2)术后40天测切口双侧瘢痕厚度,切断血管侧为(3.61±0.61)mm,保管血管侧为(3.10±0.68)mm,两者差为(0.546±0.1)mm,两者比较,差异有极显著性(P<0.01)。结论改良筋膜横切口保留腹壁浅层血管可有效地减轻局部炎性反应,并减轻瘢痕形成。  相似文献   

15.
膀胱腹膜界线测量在膀胱翻转法剖宫产中的应用   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
目的 为腹膜外剖宫产提供基础研究数据,并为推广膀胱翻转法剖宫产提供临床应用资料。方法 测量107 例剖宫产孕妇膀胱顶与反折腹膜缘的位置和体表投影。结果 膀胱顶至脐和至耻骨联合上缘中点间距分别为(14 .1 ±3 .4)cm 和(6 .8 ±1 .4)cm ; 反折腹膜缘至脐和至耻骨联合上缘中点间距分别为(15 .8 ±3 .9)cm 和(4 .9 ±1 .5)cm 。妊娠晚期膀胱顶的体表投影位于脐耻连线的中下1/3 处,子宫膀胱反折腹膜缘体表投影位于脐耻连线的上3/4 与下1/4 交界处。膀胱翻转法腹膜外剖宫产从皮肤切开至胎儿娩出时间为(14 .6 ±6 .3) 分钟,手术时间为(45 .5 ±9 .3) 分钟,娩出最大胎儿5 050g ,无一例膀胱损伤。结论 膀胱腹膜界线体表投影的确定,可明显缩短手术时间;膀胱翻转法是腹膜外剖宫产减少副损伤的一种较理想的方法。  相似文献   

16.

Study Objective

Cesarean section scar diverticulum (CSD) lead to many long-term complications. CSD is more prevalent in patients with a retroflexed uterus than in those with an anteflexed uterus. Therefore, we wanted to estimate the association between flexion of the uterus and the outcome of treatment for CSD treated by vaginal repair.

Design

Retrospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).

Setting

University hospital.

Patients

A total of 241 women with a CSD were enrolled at the Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital between May 2014 and Oct 2016.

Interventions

Vaginal excision and suture of CSD.

Measurement and Main Results

A high failure rate was reported in remodeling of the scar by other surgeries in women with retroflexed uteri. Clinical information was obtained from medical records. Because intermenstrual bleeding was a presenting symptom of CSD, duration of menstruation was compared between groups. Patients were required to be followed at 1, 3, and 6 months to record their menstruation situation and to measure the CSD. The thickness of the residual myometrium (TRM) in the retroflexion group was much thinner than that in the anteflexion group before treatment (2.5 ± 1.2 mm vs 2.9 ± 1.1 mm, p < .05). There was no statistical difference in pretreatment menstruation duration between groups (p > .05). The duration of menstruation in the anteflexion group was 8.2 ± 2.1 days and 8.5 ± 2.1 days and in the retroflexion group was 7.6 ± 2.0 days and 7.7 ± 3.1 days at 3 and 6 months after surgery, respectively (p < .05). In all 58.6% of patients (140/239) who had a retroflexed uterus, 60.0% (84/140) reached ≤7 days of menstruation at 6 months after surgery (p < .05). Although about 40% patients still had CSD after repair, menstruation duration and TRM were improved significantly (p < .05).

Conclusion

We propose that vaginal repair can relieve symptoms and improve TRM for CSD patients, especially for those who have a retroflexed uterus. However, 40% of patients still had a defect postoperatively.  相似文献   

17.
ObjectiveCurrently, there is paucity of data on the rate of vaginal deliveries and cesarean section among women in Tibet. In this study, we carried out an observational study of 7365 consecutive pregnant women in Lhasa, Tibet who gave birth at our tertiary care institution between 2012 and 2015.Materials and methodsIn this retrospective study, we reviewed the hospital records for demographic data, obstetric history, and the number of vaginal and emergency cesarean section deliveries. The overall and annual rate of vaginal and cesarean section deliveries was calculated. Causes, indications or risks for cesarean section were also analyzed.ResultsDuring the review period, 7365 neonates were delivered at our hospital, including 1690 (23.0%) deliveries via cesarean section. The yearly rate of cesarean section progressively declined from 26.7% in 2012 to 18% in 2015 (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the annual rate of emergency cesarean section declined 53.9%between 2012 and 2015(P < 0.001). Fetal risk factors (39.9%) and maternal risk factors (40.3%) were the major causes of cesarean section in the women. Social factors as a cause of cesarean section fluctuated between 7.9% and 11.1%.ConclusionThis study has demonstrated a steady decline in the annual rate of cesarean section in women in Tibet between 2012 and 2015. A decrease in the rate of emergency cesarean section contributed substantially to this decline. Moreover, approximately 10% caesarian sections were performed without clear indications, highlighting the need for strengthening prenatal counseling for pregnant women in Tibet.  相似文献   

18.

Purpose

Most women with one previous cesarean section (CS) are suitable for either a vaginal birth after CS (VBAC) or an elective repeat CS. Previously, nurse-led prenatal education and support groups have failed to have an impact on the mode of delivery, which women opted for after one CS. A novel one-stop obstetrician-led cesarean education and antenatal sessions (OCEANS) has been developed to inform and empower women in their decision-making following one previous CS. The objective of our study was to evaluate how OCEANS influences the mode of delivery for women who have previously had one CS.

Study Design

Two-hundred and sixty-six women who had a single previous lower segment CS were invited to attend OCEANS, which is a 1-h discussion group of women between 5 and 15 in number, facilitated by an experienced obstetrician. Data were collected prospectively on women who were invited to attend OCEANS over a 12-month period commencing on the 1st January 2012.

Results

188 (71 %) attended the group, while 20 (8 %) canceled their appointment and 58 (22 %) did not keep their appointment. Those who attended OCEANS were 38 % more likely to opt for a VBAC than those who did not attend. There was no difference in the rates of successful vaginal delivery between women who attended OCEANS and those who did not (56 vs. 61 %, p = 0.55).

Conclusions

While nurse-led prenatal education and support groups have no impact on mode of delivery after one CS, a dedicated obstetrician-led clinic increases the rate of those opting for VBAC by 38 %. Such clinics may be a useful tool helping in empowering women in their decision-making and reduce the rate of CSs.  相似文献   

19.
三种剖宫产术式比较   总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13  
目的 探讨三种剖宫产术式的优缺点,寻找安全性大、优越性强的手术方式。方法 对193例足月妊娠具有手术指征的产妇随机分三组,分别采用新式、腹膜外及子宫下段剖宫产术,对手术时间、术后病率及病人子宫与腹壁切口B超检查情况进行了对比观察。结果 手术时间:新式与子宫下段剖宫产相比,手术时间有明显差异(P〈0.05),新式与腹膜外剖宫产相比,手术时间有差异(P〈0.05),腹膜外与子宫下段剖宫产手术时间相比,  相似文献   

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