尺骨截骨治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折

目的探讨尺骨截骨手术治疗陈旧性儿童孟氏骨折的疗效。方法对28例患儿采取尺骨截骨固定桡骨小头复位，同时行环状韧带重建，其中3例行桡骨中段缩短截骨固定。结果28例均得到随访，时间6个月～8年。肘关节功能：优20例，良8例。4例合并桡神经损伤患儿完全得到恢复。结论尺骨截骨手术是治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折良好术式。     

尺骨成角延长截骨治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折

目的探讨应用尺骨截骨后成角延长钢板内固定术治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的疗效。方法对12例陈旧性孟氏骨折患儿(病程45 d~18个月)行手术截骨矫正内固定治疗。结果患儿均获随访,时间10~18个月。根据Mackay疗效评定标准:优11例,良1例。结论尺骨截骨成角延长治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折,通过手术矫正尺骨畸形无需重建环状韧带,能够恢复正常的肱桡关节关系,改善关节功能。     

尺骨延长内固定术治疗儿童陈旧孟氏骨折38例

目的探讨治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的方法和效果。方法采用切开复位、尺骨斜形截骨延长、关节囊及周围组织紧缩缝合治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折。结果38例随访时间1～9年,优良率92.1%。11例合并桡神经损伤病例,术中均未行探查术,术后神经功能全部恢复。结论采用切开复位尺骨斜形截骨延长、关节囊及周围组织紧缩缝合治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折方法简单,疗效满意。     

尺骨截骨环状韧带重建治疗儿童陈旧孟氏骨折

目的探讨对儿童陈旧孟氏骨折采用尺骨截骨延长环状韧带重建的治疗方法及疗效。方法对8例陈旧性孟氏骨折采用切开复位尺骨斜形截骨延长并同侧掌长肌腱重建环状韧带治疗。结果 8例均获得12~24个月随访。根据疗效标准:优5例,良2例,可1例。结论采用切开复位尺骨斜形截骨延长并同侧掌长肌腱重建环状韧带对儿童陈旧孟氏骨折是一种有效的治疗方法。     

儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的手术改良

[目的]探讨手术解决儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折更佳方法。[方法]对23例儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折，在传统手术治疗三原则即尺骨延长、桡骨头复位、环状韧带重建的基础上增加桡骨旋转截骨术，随访治疗效果。[结果]本组23例，随访6～36个月，平均23个月，优良率为95．7％，效果满意。[结论]通过桡骨旋转截骨改良儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的手术治疗，操作方法简单实用，临床疗效确切，可在临床推广应用。     

Boyd入路切开复位尺骨截骨延长治疗儿童陈旧孟氏骨折

目的 探讨经Boyd入路切开复位尺骨斜行截骨延长术治疗儿童陈旧孟氏骨折的临床疗效。方法 采用经Boyd入路切开复位尺骨斜行截骨延长术治疗26例陈旧孟氏骨折患儿。术后12个月根据Kim评分标准评价肘关节功能。结果 患儿均获得随访,时间12～36个月。截骨处均获得骨性愈合。术后12个月根据Kim评分标准评价肘关节功能:优17例,良7例,可2例,优良率为24/26。拆除石膏后发生桡骨头再脱位1例、半脱位1例。2例截骨处延迟愈合,采用管型石膏固定6个月后愈合。均未发生桡神经损伤、感染等并发症。结论 经Boyd入路切开复位尺骨斜行截骨延长术治疗儿童陈旧孟氏骨折术后功能恢复好,并发症少,可较快恢复肘关节及前臂功能。     

改良手术治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折

目的探讨改良手术治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的疗效。方法23例儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折在传统手术尺骨延长、桡骨头复位、环状韧带重建的基础上，根据桡骨畸形情况，增加桡骨旋转截骨术。结果23例随访6～36个月（平均20个月），根据临床与X线检查，优17例，良5例，可1例。结论通过桡骨旋转截骨改良儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的手术治疗，操作方法简单实用，临床疗效确切，可在临床推广应用。     

小儿陈旧性孟氏骨折初次手术失败后的再手术治疗

目的总结小儿陈旧性孟氏骨折初次手术失败后再手术治疗的经验及临床治疗效果。方法采用手术治疗的小儿陈旧性孟氏骨折初次手术失败患儿18例,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 18例患儿均行尺骨斜行截骨矫形、环状韧带重建手术,术后均得到随访,随访时间为12~42个月,平均时间为24个月。手术效果根据Mackay病情评估标准,优11例,良6例,差1例,优良率达94%。结论小儿陈旧性孟氏骨折初次手术失败后再手术治疗关键在于矫正尺骨畸形,采用尺骨斜行截骨矫形、环状韧带重建,可取得满意的临床效果。     

儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折遗留关节功能障碍的早期手术治疗体会

目的探讨儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折遗留关节功能障碍早期手术方法及近期疗效。方法回顾性分析2009-01—2014-06诊治的16例儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折。7例行尺骨截骨矫形,9例行尺骨截骨延长;然后均行桡骨头切开复位、环状韧带修补及关节囊紧缩缝合术。10例肱桡关节克氏针贯穿固定,7例尺骨截骨端克氏针髓内固定,9例接骨板固定。结果16例均获得随访12~28个月,平均15.6个月。末次随访时,1例前臂旋前受限于50°。肘关节伸直0°~10°,平均4°;屈曲120°~145°,平均133°;旋前70°~90°,平均75°;旋后80°~90°,平均87°。疗效采用Mackay临床功能标准评定,优8例,良7例,差1例。结论儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折早期手术,尺骨截骨矫形(或延长)、桡骨头切开复位是恢复肱桡关节及上尺桡关节正常结构的关键,视桡骨头稳定情况行肱桡关节克氏针短期固定,为关节功能早期恢复创造条件。     

2种截骨方式治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的疗效比较

目的比较尺骨截骨延长与桡骨短缩截骨术治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的临床疗效。方法自2005-06—2013-05共诊治儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折28例,采用尺骨截骨延长13例,采用桡骨短缩截骨15例。结果术后切口均一期愈合,28例均获得随访,尺骨截骨组随访6~32个月,平均17个月,截骨处均一期愈合,平均愈合时间3.8周;采用Mackay进行效果评定:优11例,良1例,差1例。桡骨截骨组随访5~34个月,平均16个月,桡骨小头骨折均维持良好复位,截骨处一期愈合,平均愈合时间4周;采用Mackay进行效果评定:优9例,良3例,差3例。结论采用尺骨截骨延长较桡骨短缩截骨操作简单且能获得更好的临床疗效。     

儿童孟氏骨折的手术治疗及功能康复

目的 对儿童孟氏骨折的手术治疗及功能康复进行评价。方法 1994年～2001年对78例非手术治疗失败的新鲜及陈旧性孟氏骨折全部采用手术治疗，并随机分为两组，第1组(单针固定组)45例，其中新鲜骨折16例，陈旧性骨折29例，复位肱桡关节后，单枚克氏针固定，石膏外固定，尺骨骨折不作内固定；第2组(双针固定组)33例，其中新鲜骨折14例，陈旧性骨折19例，复位肱桡关节及尺骨骨折后，分别用克氏针固定，石膏外固定。结果 术后78例伤口愈合佳，无感染。均获随访，时间6个月～7年，平均4．6年．尺骨骨折愈合好，无骨不连及骨延迟愈合。手术疗效按肘关节屈伸及前臂旋转功能标准评价，第1组优37例，良5例，差3例，优良率93．3％；第2组优22例，良7例，差4例，优良率87．9％，两组比较无统计学意义(P＞0．05)。结论 手术治疗孟氏骨折整合复位肱桡关节，并予单枚克氏针内固定加石膏外固定，其操作简便、安全、组织损伤小及尺骨骨折愈合快，术后肢体功能恢复好。     

Missed Monteggia fracture in children: Is annular ligament reconstruction always required?

Background:

Chronic (neglected) radiocapitellar joint dislocation is one of the feared complications of Monteggia fractures especially when associated with subtle fracture of the ulna bone. Many treatment strategies have been described to manage chronic Monteggia fracture and the need for annular ligament reconstruction is not always clear. The purpose of this study is to highlight the management of missed Monteggia fracture with particular emphasis on utility of annular ligament reconstruction by comparing the two groups of patients.

Materials and Methods:

In a prospective study 12 patients with mean age of 7.4 years, who presented with neglected Monteggia fractures, were studied. All children underwent open reduction of the radiocapitellar joint. Five children (Group A) were treated with angulation-distraction osteotomy of ulna and annular ligament reconstruction and six cases (Group B) required only angulation-distraction osteotomy of ulna without ligament reconstruction. In one case an open reduction of the radiocapitellar joint was sufficient to reduce the radial head and this was included in Group B. The gap between injury and presentation was from 3 months to 18 months (mean 9 months). Ten patients were classified as Bado I, and one each as Bado II and III respectively. We used the Kim''s criteria to score our results.

Result:

The mean follow-up period was 22 months. All ulna osteotomies healed uneventfully. The mean loss of pronation was 15 degree in Group A and 10 degree in Group B. Elbow flexion improved from the preoperative range and no child complained of pain, deformity and restriction of activity. The elbow score was excellent in 10 cases, and good in two cases.

Conclusion:

Distraction-angulation osteotomy of the ulna suffices in most cases of missed monteggia fracture and the need for annular ligament reconstruction is based on intraoperative findings of radial head instability.     

低龄儿童2年以内陈旧性孟氏骨折的手术治疗

目的探讨低龄儿童2年以内陈旧性孟氏骨折手术治疗的疗效。方法对38例2年以内陈旧性孟氏骨折低龄患儿采取尺骨近端截骨克氏针内固定,桡骨小头切开复位、肱桡关节克氏针内固定。结果 38例全部得到随访,时间2~12个月。术后2例发生桡骨小头半脱位。4例桡神经损伤患儿功能完全恢复,其余患儿肘关节无畸形,无疼痛。肘关节伸直活动范围0°~20°(6°±4°),屈曲活动120°~135°(130°±5°),旋前平均80°±5°,旋后平均85°±5°。根据Mackay标准评定:优30例(78.9%),良6例(15.8%),差2例(5.3%)。结论尺骨近端截骨克氏针内固定手术治疗低龄儿童2年以内陈旧性孟氏骨折,疗效良好。     

成人Monteggia骨折48例临床分析

目的 回顾性分析成人Monteggia骨折的手术疗效.方法 1994年9月-2007年1月,对48例成人Monteggia骨折,按Bado和Boyd分型,其中Ⅰ型22例,Ⅱ型17例,Ⅲ型6例,Ⅳ型3例;其中26例(占54.2%)患者合并全身多发损伤,8例合并彬正中/尺神经损伤.44例行尺骨切开复位/截骨矫形内固定,其中选用3.5 mm LC-DCP固定12例,3.5mm重建板19例,张力带8例(经鹰嘴骨折),1/3管型钢板5例;4例行闭合复位克氏针固定.桡骨头脱位均在X线机透视下先行手法复位,对37例复位失败者采用切开复位,其中17例行环状韧带修补或重建,4例行桡骨头部分或完全切除.结果 术后随访时间为6～26个月,平均17个月.根据Broberg和Morrey评分系统评定:本组平均得分为84.2(31～100),其中优17例(占35.4%),良15例(占31.3%),可9例(占18.8%),差7例(占14.6%).疗效可或差16例中,9例为Ⅱ型损伤伴有桡骨头或桡骨颈骨折.术前8例和术后6例合并神经损伤患者均恢复了手部功能.结论 成人Monteggia骨折并发症对预后影响较大.虽然多数患者可取得满意的关节功能,但需重视早期并发症的出现.     

手法闭合复位纸夹板外固定治疗Monteggia骨折

目的 :探讨手法闭合复位纸夹板外固定治疗Monteggia骨折的临床疗效。方法:自2010年1月至2018年6月采用闭合手法复位、纸夹板外固定治疗58例儿童Monteggia骨折患者,其中男37例,女21例;年龄3.5～12(8.48±2.29)岁;病程0.5 h～9 d,平均(4.21±1.46) d。分别于治疗前,治疗后1、3、6个月采用Broberg和Morrey评分系统对患肢的临床疗效进行评价。结果:所有患者获得随访,时间1～6(3.35±2.12)个月。治疗前,治疗后1,3,6个月Broberg和Morrey评分分别为7.24±2.81,32.06±8.33,73.18±5.56,95.87±6.75;治疗后各时间点与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);其中优37例,良19例,中1例。结论:手法闭合复位纸夹板外固定治疗Monteggia骨折,实现动静结合治疗,可早期去外固定,短、中期疗效显著。     

尺骨近端截骨矫形术治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的疗效分析

目的观察尺骨近端截骨矫形术治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2008-01—2017-12采用尺骨近端截骨矫形术治疗的41例儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折,分析不同年龄段患儿的术后疗效。将年龄<12岁的患儿分为低龄组,年龄≥12岁的患儿分为大龄组,比较2组病程、手术时间、术中出血量、术后影像学Nakamura分级、末次随访时肘关节功能Kim评分。结果 41例均获得随访,低龄组随访时间平均8(6~24)个月,大龄组随访时间平均12(6~36)个月。低龄组术后1例出现感染,未出现神经损伤症状及再手术患者;大龄组术后出现2例感染,2例神经损伤症状,1例再手术。与大龄组比较,低龄组病程更短,术后影像学Nakamura分级优,手术时间更短,术中出血量更少,末次随访时肘关节功能Kim评分更优,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论尺骨近端截骨矫形术治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折可获得满意的疗效,可有效恢复肘关节屈伸及旋转功能,而且低龄患儿术后的效果优于高龄患儿。     

Clinical effect of manual reduction of humeroradial joint in the treatment of typeIeIII fresh Monteggia fracture in children

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of closed reduction on the humeroradial joint in the treatment of Bado type I, II and III fresh Monteggia fractures in children and investigate the effect of clinical factors, including Bado classification, age and time of treatment on the success rate of closed reduction. Methods: We retrospectively studied the data of children 10 years old with fresh Monteggia fractures (injury within two weeks) treated by manual reduction with plaster immobilization from January 2014 to April 2019. All patients were followed up in the outpatient department every two weeks for 4e6 weeks until plaster removal and then 3, 6 and 12 months. Online or telephone interview was provided for some inconvenient patients after 6 months. Mackay criteria were used to evaluate the clinical effect. Radiographic data were collected and reviewed to assess the reduction of the humeroradial joint. Function of the elbow joint and forearm was evaluated and risk factors related to the failure of reduction were assessed. The successful manual reduction was analyzed from three aspects, respectively Bado fracture type (I, II, III), patient age (<3 year, 3-6 years, >6 years) and time interval from injury to treatment (group A, <1 day; group B, 1-3 days; group C, >3 days). Results: Altogether 88 patients were employed in this study, including 58 males (65.9%) and 30 females (34.1%) aged from 1 to 10 years. There were 29 cases (33.0%) of Bado type I Monteggia fractures, 16 (18.2%) type II and 43 (48.7%) type III. Successful manual reduction was achieved in 79 children (89.8%) at the last follow-up. The failed 9 patients received open surgery. Mackay criteria showed 100% goodexcellent rate for all the patients. The success rate of manual reduction was 89.7%, 87.5% and 90.7% in Bado type I, II and III cases, respectively, revealing no significant differences among different Bado types (X² = 0.131, p = 0.937). Successful closed reduction was achieved in 13 toddlers (13/13, 100%), 38 preschool children (28/42, 90.5%) and 28 school-age children (28/33, 84.8%), suggesting no significant difference either (X² = 2.375, p = 0.305). However time interval from injury to treatment showed that patients treated within 3 days had a much higher rate of successful manual reduction: 67 cases (67/71, 94.4%) in group A, 10 cases (10/11, 90.9%) in group B, and 2 cases (2/6, 33.3%) in group C (X² = 22.464, p < 0.001). Fisher''s test further showed significant differences between groups A and C (p = 0.001) and groups B and C (p = 0.028). Conclusion: Closed reduction is a safe and effective method for treating fresh Monteggia fractures in children. The reduction should be conducted as soon as possible once the diagnosis has been made.     

钢丝套环治疗需修复环状韧带的成年新鲜 Monteggia 骨折的初步报告

目的 探讨钢丝套环法治疗需修复环状韧带的成年新鲜Monteggia骨折的初步疗效.方法 2006年5月至2008年3月共收治15例需修补环状韧带的成年新鲜Monteggia骨折患者,其中男9例,女6例;年龄19～46岁,平均29.8岁.骨折按Bado分型:Ⅰ型6例,Ⅱ型4例,Ⅲ型5例.均采用尺骨骨折切开复位钢板内固定,桡骨头切开复位后用直径0.8 mm钢丝套住桡骨颈固定于尺骨近端,修补环状韧带,术后48 h开始肘关节功能锻炼,3周去除内固定钢丝. 结果 15例患者术后获得8～11个月(平均9.5个月)随访.3周取出钢丝未见钢丝断裂患者,12～16个月(平均13.3个月)取出尺骨固定钢板.参照Broberg和Morrey评分标准:优11例,良2例,可2例,优良率为86.7%.1例肘关节有轻度疼痛,2例有中度疼痛.1例桡神经深支损伤患者于术后3个月恢复伸指、伸拇功能.未见尺骨骨不连和桡骨头缺血性坏死等并发症发生. 结论 钢丝套环法是治疗需修补环状韧带的成年新鲜Monteggia骨折的较理想方法.     

新鲜儿童孟氏骨折治疗方法的选择

目的探讨新鲜儿童孟氏骨折不同治疗方法的选择。方法复习1995～2004年治疗的86例新鲜儿童孟氏骨折的临床资料,其中A组28例采用手法复位小夹板或石膏外固定;B组35例尺骨骨折采用开放复位内固定,桡骨头手法复位后肘部用护腕固定;C组23例采用开放复位内固定环状韧带修补术治疗,对三组的肘关节及前臂的功能进行分析,比较三组的疗效。结果随访时间8个月～9年,A组优15例,良8例,可3例,差2例;B组优25例,良8例,可2例,差0例;C组优14例,良6例,可2例,差1例。三组间比较,其差异无统计学意义(P>0．05)。结论对损伤程度不同的孟氏骨折应分别选用合适的治疗方式,其中桡骨头复位后护腕固定并配合尺骨骨折切开复位内固定适用于各种类型的孟氏骨折。