固相萃取结合HPLC法快速测定血清丝裂霉素C含量

目的建立测定血清丝裂霉素C含量的方法.方法血清标本经固相萃取,以反相HPLC测定丝裂霉素C含量.流动相为水乙腈(8515),波长为365nm.结果浓度为5μg/L和100μg/L标准样本的批内变异分别为5.6%、4.5%,批间变异分别为8.7%、7.8%.浓度为5μg/L、100μg/L、200μg/L的标准样本平均回收率分别为91%、94%、97%.线性范围为1～200μg/L.结论该方法简便、敏感、准确、特异,可适于临床应用.     

RP-HPLC法同时测定人血清和脑脊液中苯巴比妥、苯妥英钠和卡马西平浓度

目的建立RP-HPLC法同时测定人血清和脑脊液中苯巴比妥（PB）、苯妥英钠（PHT）和卡马西平（CBZ）浓度的方法。方法色谱柱：Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18（250mm×4.6mm,5μm）;流动相：甲醇-乙腈-水（27.5∶27.5∶45）;流速：1.0mL.m in-1;检测波长：210nm;柱温：40℃;进样量：10μL。结果血清中PB、PHT、CBZ的线性范围依次为：2.64～52.75μg.mL-1、1.45～29.00μg.mL-1、1.04～20.80μg.mL-1;脑脊液中PB、PHT、CBZ的线性范围依次为：1.32～42.20μg.mL-1、0.73～23.20μg.mL-1、0.52～16.64μg.mL-1;血清中PB、PHT、CBZ的平均提取回收率分别为：93.17%、96.17%、94.67%,脑脊液中PB、PHT、CBZ提取回收率接近100%;日间、日内RSD均小于4%。结论本方法简单、快速、准确,适用于临床血及脑脊液浓度的检测。     

RP-HPLC法同时测定人血清和脑脊液中苯巴比妥、苯妥英钠和卡马西平浓度

目的建立RP-HPLC法同时测定人血清和脑脊液中苯巴比妥(PB)、苯妥英钠(PHT)和卡马西平(CBZ)浓度的方法。方法色谱柱:Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-乙腈-水(27.5∶27.5∶45);流速:1.0mL.m in-1;检测波长:210nm;柱温:40℃;进样量:10μL。结果血清中PB、PHT、CBZ的线性范围依次为:2.64～52.75μg.mL-1、1.45～29.00μg.mL-1、1.04～20.80μg.mL-1;脑脊液中PB、PHT、CBZ的线性范围依次为:1.32～42.20μg.mL-1、0.73～23.20μg.mL-1、0.52～16.64μg.mL-1;血清中PB、PHT、CBZ的平均提取回收率分别为:93.17%、96.17%、94.67%,脑脊液中PB、PHT、CBZ提取回收率接近100%;日间、日内RSD均小于4%。结论本方法简单、快速、准确,适用于临床血及脑脊液浓度的检测。     

在线镉柱还原—流动注射法测定水中硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮

目的探索一种测定水中硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮的简单快捷方法。方法利用在线镉柱还原—流动注射法,测定养殖海水、地表水、自来水、地下水等水样中的硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮。结果硝酸盐氮检出限为0.64μg/L,在20.0~2 000.0μg/L范围内呈理想线性关系,相关系数r=0.9999,相对标准偏差为0.97%,样品测定频率为60样/h,实际水样的加标回收率为90%~106%;亚硝酸盐氮的方法检出限为0.12μg/L,在2.0~200.0μg/L范围内呈理想线性关系,相关系数r=1.0000,相对标准偏差为0.35%,样品测定频率为90样/h,实际水样的加标回收率为92%~109%。结论在线镉柱还原—流动注射分析法简单快捷,测定结果满意。     

原发性癫痫患者苯妥英血清浓度监测

目的了解原发性癫痫患者血清苯妥英浓度与疗效的关系.方法用紫外分光光度法,测定苯妥英血药浓度,以10～20μg.ml-1为有效治疗浓度范围,并观察患者的症状及合并用药情况.结果测定结果低于10μg.ml-1 3例,占7.7%,高于20μg.ml-1 26例,占66.7%.检测结果以10～20μg.ml-1为有效范围,合格率为25.6%.结论对长期使用苯妥英的患者进行血药浓度监测,使之个体化用药,才能达到安全、有效的治疗目的.     

固相萃取结合HPLC法快速测定血清丝裂霉素C含量

目的建立测定血清丝裂霉素C含量的方法。方法:血清标本经固相萃取,以反相HPLC测定丝裂霉素C含量。流动相为水乙腈(8515),波长为365nm。结果:浓度为5μg/L和100μg/L标准样本的批内变异分别为5.6%、4.5%,批间变异分别为8.7%、7.8%。浓度为5μg/L、100μg/L、200μg/L的标准样本平均回收率分别为91%、94%、97%。线性范围为1～200μg/L。结论:该方法简便、敏感、准确、特异,可适于临床应用。     

高压微波消解原子荧光光谱法同时测定奶粉中痕量锡和硒

目的建立高压微波消解原子荧光光谱法同时测定奶粉中痕量锡和硒的方法。方法利用高压微波消解奶粉,在样品消解液中加入150 g/L硫脲-坏血酸作为预还原剂,用2%盐酸作为介质,加入2%的硼氢化钾溶液作为还原剂,采用原子荧光光谱法同时测定锡和硒元素。结果在最佳测试条件下,硒方法检出限为0. 3μg/L,测定相对标准偏差为1. 0%～2. 0%,样品加标回收率为96. 7%～99. 6%。锡方法检出限为0. 3μg/L,测定相对标准偏差为2. 7%～3. 4%,样品回收率为97. 0%～100. 6%。结论本法具有快速、准确、灵敏度高、精密度好等优点,用于奶粉中锡和硒的测定,结果满意。     

氢化物发生—原子荧光法同时测定茶水中砷和汞

目的 建立同时测定茶水中砷和汞的氢化物发生-原子荧光法.方法 采用硝酸-高氯酸微机消解仪恒温消解.结果 砷和汞的线性检测范围分别为0～50μg/L和0～2μg/L.方法 检出限分别为0.042μg/L和0.038μg/L,样品加标回收率分别为92.3%～102.0%、92.5%～98.8%.结论 本法适用批量样品消解,同时测定砷和汞含量的优点,方法简单、快速、灵敏度高、检出限低,节省试剂,结果可靠,仪器性能稳定,适合茶水中痕量砷、汞的检测分析.     

原发性癫痫患者苯妥英血清浓度监测

目的　了解原发性癫痫患者血清苯妥英浓度与疗效的关系。方法　用紫外分光光度法 ,测定苯妥英血药浓度 ,以 1 0～ 2 0μg.ml-1为有效治疗浓度范围 ,并观察患者的症状及合并用药情况。结果　测定结果低于 1 0μg.ml-13例 ,占 7.7% ,高于 2 0μg.ml-12 6例 ,占 66.7%。检测结果以 1 0～ 2 0μg.ml-1为有效范围 ,合格率为 2 5 .6%。结论　对长期使用苯妥英的患者进行血药浓度监测 ,使之个体化用药 ,才能达到安全、有效的治疗目的。     

血清中微量铍的火焰原子吸收法测定

本文叙述了火焰原子吸收法测定血清中微量铍的方法,研究了血清中各种无机离子对测定的影响。Ca~(2+)离子对铍的测定产生负干扰,当测定血清中铍时,则 Ca~(2+)的干扰可被血清中蛋白质等有机物消除。本法灵敏度为0.026μg/mL/1%,检测极限为0.019μg/mL。本法简便、快速、重复性好,也易于推广。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.