改良胰-肠端端套入式吻合预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘

胰十二指肠切除术是壶腹周围癌的标准术式 ,也是部分进展期肝门部胆管癌、胆囊癌和胃窦部癌、结肠癌浸润胰腺时的根治术式。自从 Whipple创造这一术式以来外科医生对胰腺与消化道吻合提出了各种各样的吻合方法以预防胰瘘的发生。但近年胰瘘的发生率仍在 5 %～ 2 5 %之间 ,胰瘘的死亡率在 5 0 %以上 [1～ 3 ]。胰腺与空肠端端套入式吻合在预防胰瘘方面具有肯定的效果 ,然而在某些手术技术细节上有时未能引起外科医生的注意 ,所以 ,胰瘘的发生率仍然很高。作者从 1992年以来对部分胰十二指肠切除术手术技术进行了改进 ,效果良好 ,现报道如下…     

桡动脉远心端与头静脉近心端行内瘘吻合的体会

目的：探讨较好的内痿吻合方法。方法：以桡动脉远心端与头静脉近心端引端端吻合术。结果：62例患者除5例头静脉闭塞而采用其他方法外，均一次性吻合成功。结论：桡动脉远心端与头静脉近心端行端端吻合术建立动静脉内瘘是较好的内瘘制作方法，可以避免传统制作内瘘方法的许多不足之处，值得临床推广验证。     

端端吻合技术建立SD-Wistar大鼠肾移植模型

目的 采用端端吻合技术建立稳定的SD-Wistar大鼠肾移植模型。方法 SPF级雄性SD及Wistar大鼠各60只,供体采用SD大鼠,受体采用Wistar大鼠,取左肾作为供肾,受体切除左肾进行原位肾移植,并保留自身右肾,供体肾动脉、肾静脉及输尿管均与受体Wistar大鼠进行端端吻合,管腔均采用间断缝合。结果 本实验每例SD-Wistar肾移植模型总手术时间约为105.54±20.63min,血管吻合时间约为20.42±5.81min,输尿管吻合时间约为5.21±2.42min。移植肾的热缺血时间约为11.24±3.52s,冷缺血时间约为40.35±8.52min。本组共进行SD-Wistar肾移植模型60例,术中发现肾动脉血栓形成2例;术后24h内死亡1例,成功率达95.00%。结论 采用端端吻合技术可成功建立SD-Wistar大鼠肾移植模型。     

十二指肠残端瘘诊治分析

目的：探讨胃大部分切除术后十二指肠残端瘘的病因、预防、临床表现、诊断和治疗。方法：对6例十二指肠残端瘘的手术史、临床表现、诊断及治疗进行总结分析。结果：6例均再次剖腹手术，术中对局部情况较好者予以缝合十二指肠残端，并在十二指肠肠腔内放置T型或蕈型管引流，对局部情况不允许或感染较重者，经十二指肠残端破裂口置入T型或蕈型管引流。再手术后死亡1例。其余5例经十二指肠残端引流及腹腔引流后于再手术后4～8周痊愈出院．结论：十二指肠残端瘘最主要的原因是十二指肠残端的处理不当，十二指肠残端瘘预防的关键在于正确处理十二指肠残端及输入袢以确保十二指肠残端包埋满意、血运良好，输入袢不发生梗阻。诊断明确或临床疑为十二指肠残端瘘，应毫不犹豫地再次剖腹手术。     

尿道端端吻合术后患者狭窄复发风险的危险因素

目的 探讨尿道端端吻合术后患者狭窄复发风险的危险因素。方法 回顾性分析2018年5月至2019年6月在武汉大学中南医院被诊断为尿道狭窄并行尿道端端吻合术治疗的166例男性患者临床资料。术后随访终点截至2022年5月,以随访患者狭窄的复发情况并分为复发组（n=23）、未复发组（n=143）。收集两组患者资料,并通过单因素、多因素logistic回归分析患者术后复发的危险因素。结果 复发组尿道内切开手术史、术前膀胱造瘘构成比均高于未复发组,狭窄时间、狭窄长度、尿道扩张次数均长/多于未复发组（P均<0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,尿道内切开手术史、狭窄时间、狭窄长度、尿道扩张次数和术前膀胱造瘘是尿道端端吻合术后狭窄复发的危险因素（OR=3.517、4.423、2.713、4.042、1.693,P均<0.05）。结论 尿道端端吻合术后患者狭窄复发风险较高,危险因素包括尿道内切开手术史、狭窄时间越久、狭窄长度越长、尿道扩张次数越多和术前膀胱造瘘是尿道端端吻合术后狭窄复发的危险因素,针对其危险因素,制定个体化治疗和预防方案,减少尿道狭窄复发的风险。     

经会阴后尿道端端吻合术治疗创伤性后尿道狭窄效果分析

目的：探讨经会阴途径后尿道端端吻合术治疗创伤性后尿道狭窄的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2011年6月-2012年6月接受治疗的31例创伤性后尿道狭窄患者的临床资料，观察经会阴途径后尿道端端吻合术方法及治疗效果。结果本组31例患者手术成功率为90.32%；术后出现吻合口狭窄1例，吻合口漏尿2例。结论经会阴途径后尿道端端吻合术治疗创伤性后尿道狭窄具有疗效好、并发症少等优点。     

一种简便的蛋白质N端氨基酸测定方法

蛋白质 (或多肽 )的两端氨基酸序列测定是分析未知蛋白质的结构和功能的基础。目前蛋白质 N端序列分析的技术已较为成熟 ,可达 2 0～ 40个氨基酸残基 ,但由于 N端氨基酸序列分析成本高 (140 0～ 40 0 0元 /次 ) ,不大可能反复多次检测。有些多肽 N端氨基酸是封闭的 ,降解后才能进行氨基酸序列分析。如果事先知道 N端氨基酸是否封闭 ,一方面有利于选择序列分析的方式 (N端、C端或降解后测序 ) ,另一方面可节省费用 ,也利于测序结果的分析。一个结构未知的酵母分泌蛋白 ,其相对分子质量为 7.9× 10 4,我们在分析其结构时采用 DNS- Cl法对…     

面—维动脉端侧吻合术应用解剖

（1）目的：提供面－维动脉端侧吻合术的相关应用解剖学资料。（2）方法：在20具成人尸体上观测了面动脉的走行和分支情况，面动脉可游离部分的长度和外径，面动脉起始部与椎动脉的距离，测量椎动脉V3段和枕动脉深段的外径。（3）结果：面动脉与同侧舌动脉，上颌动脉，颞浅动脉及对侧面动脉均具有丰富的血管吻合，面动脉起始部到下颌角部之间易于游离，游离后长度足以到达椎动脉。椎动脉V3段的外径为4．0mm左右，面动脉下颌角部的外径为2．3mm，适合作端吻合合。（4）结论：面动脉可以作为椎动脉重建手术的供区血管与椎动脉V3段进行端侧吻合。     

钩端螺旋体病诊断的研究进展

目的：总结近几年来钩端螺旋体病的临床诊断的新进展，方法：对目前临床上应用的钩端螺旋体病诊断方法的弊进行分析。对比。结果：因钩端螺旋体病临床表现多样，极易误诊，各种实验方法各有其优缺点。结论：PCR快速检测法对钩螺旋体病的早期诊断具广阔的应用前景。     

食管中段癌切除左颈部食管端端吻合术

对７例食管中段癌患者行食管中段癌切除后，保留食管下段平滑肌，并行纵隔淋巴结清扫、左颈部食管端端吻合，对防止术后返流性食管炎效果满意。保留食管下段２．５～４ｃｍ；颈部吻合口无张力，对食管血供无影响，关键是将胃小弯侧充分游离。该组无吻合口瘘、狭窄等并发症。经长期随访无返流表现，上消化道钡餐造影动态观察食管蠕动、贲门开放功能如常。但远期效果有待进一步观察     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.