粉尘螨(抗原)PLGA微球对致敏小鼠肺部变应性炎症的影响

目的 探讨灌服粉尘螨(抗原)PLGA微球减敏治疗对粉尘螨(抗原)致敏小鼠肺部变应性炎症的影响。方法 粉尘螨(抗原)致敏C57-BL/6小鼠,灌服粉尘螨(抗原)PLGA微球减敏后,检测小鼠BALF中弹性蛋白酶、粉尘螨特异性IgG、粉尘螨特异性IgE的变化,并对支气管肺组织进行病理学检查。结果 粉尘螨(抗原)致敏小鼠BALF中弹性蛋白酶活性、粉尘螨特异性IgE水平升高,与正常对照组相比具有显著性差异(P<0.01);致敏小鼠气道中产生大量炎性渗出液。灌服粉尘螨(抗原)PLGA微球减敏后,BALF中粉尘螨特异性IgE水平降低,与粉尘螨(抗原)致敏模型组相比具有显著性差异(P<0.05);BALF中弹性蛋白酶活性亦有降低,气道中渗出液明显减少,粉尘螨特异性IgG水平无明显差异。结论 粉尘螨(抗原)PLGA微球可以调节肺局部免疫应答,减轻粉尘螨(抗原)致敏所致肺部变应性炎症。     

粉尘螨(浸液)抗原PLGA微球的制备及其性质的研究

目的 制备粉尘螨微球并对其性质进行研究。方法 制得粉尘螨抗原浸液,以聚乳酸-乙醇酸(PLGA75/25)为包裹材料,用双乳化溶剂蒸发法制备粉尘螨微球,光镜下测定直径、分布及跨距。用抽提法检测粉尘螨微球体外缓释速率,通过灌服过荧光微球(在粉尘螨抗原浸液中加入罗丹明B)不同时间的小鼠派氏集合淋巴结(Pey-er’s potches,PP)组织切片来测定其在小鼠体内的缓释作用。结果 粉尘螨微球的直径为(7.6±1.4)μm,跨距为0.54,符合正态分布,载药量为7.4％。体外释药呈双相特征,0～2天呈快速释放,4～32天为慢速释放相。小鼠灌服微球后,第1、15天都能在小鼠PP内找到微球。结论 此方法制备的粉尘螨微球达到缓释制剂的要求,可以用于对致敏小鼠的脱敏研究。     

芦荟多糖对卵清蛋白致敏小鼠的脱敏效果

目的:研究芦荟多糖对卵清蛋白(OVA)致敏小鼠的脱敏效果.方法:50只BABL/c小鼠随机分为5组,分别为正常组(A),模型组(B),小、中、高剂量组(C,D,E)组.采用OVA加Al(OH)3注射法复制小鼠OVA致敏模型,期间C,D,E组灌服不同剂量的芦荟多糖干预.24 d后检测小鼠受OVA激发后的反应、肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中总细胞及嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)数量、肺组织丙二醛(MDA)及一氧化氮(NO)含量、血清特异性IgE,BALF及淋巴细胞培养液中的IL-4,IFN-γ含量.结果:芦荟多糖能够减轻致敏小鼠受OVA激发所引起的症状,能够下调BALF及淋巴细胞培养液中的IL-4水平,提升IFN-γ,降低肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中总细胞及EOS数量,使肺组织中与炎症相关的MDA及NO浓度降低,下调血清中特异性IgE.结论:芦荟多糖能够纠正致敏小鼠体内的免疫失衡,对致敏小鼠有一定的治疗作用.     

粉螨性哮喘患者脱敏治疗前后细胞因子的变化

目的观察粉螨浸液脱敏治疗前后对哮喘患者免疫功能的影响。方法用粉尘螨浸液对螨性哮喘患者进行脱敏治疗前后用ELISA法检测患者血清总IgE,螨特异性IgE,IgG,IL-2,IL-4;用生物素-链霉亲和素（BSA）检测外周血CD3＋、CD4＋、CD8＋、CD4＋/CD8＋,比较上述指标的变化。结果脱敏治疗后,患者的血清螨特异性IgG显著上升,外周血CD3＋、CD4＋含量增加,CD4＋/CD8＋比值上升,IL-2的水平上升,IL-4水平下降。结论螨性哮喘患者脱敏治疗过程中,机体的免疫学变化复杂,其体液免疫产生螨特异性IgE、IgG,对患者症状缓解具有重要作用,细胞免疫变化似有Th2型反应受抑制,Th1型反应增强的趋势。     

IL-27对哮喘小鼠血清IgE的影响

目的研究IL-27对卵白蛋白（OVA）激发哮喘小鼠血清IgE的影响。方法 24 只雌性BALB/c小鼠随机分为生理盐水组、哮喘组及IL-27组,每组8只。应用OVA建立哮喘模型,IL-27组小鼠应用1 μg IL-27（溶于 50 μl PBS中）滴鼻给药,ELISA法测定小鼠血清IL-4和 IFN-γ 浓度,荧光酶标法测定小鼠血清总IgE和OVA特异性IgE浓度;计数支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中嗜酸粒细胞数量。结果 IL-27 组小鼠血清IL-4浓度为（45.6±10.1）μg/L,明显低于哮喘组的（79.3±14.8）μg/L（P 〈 0.05）;IL-27 组小鼠血清IFN-γ浓度为（63.8±11.5）μg/L,明显高于哮喘组的（25.7±8.2）μg/L（P 〈 0.05）;IL-27组小鼠血清总IgE和OVA特异性IgE浓度分别为（2.77±0.51）KU/L、（0.48±0.09）KU/L,均明显低于哮喘组的（5.88±0.86）KU/L、（1.89±0.15）KU/L（P均〈0.05）;IL-27组小鼠 BALF中嗜酸粒细胞数量为（2.21±0.33）×107/L,明显低于哮喘组的（12.82 ± 2.17）×107/L（P 〈 0.01）。结论 IL-27可能通过促进IFN-γ合成、抑制IL-4合成,降低哮喘小鼠血清总IgE和OVA特异性IgE浓度,降低BALF中嗜酸粒细胞数量。     

重组Der f1变应原诱导小鼠哮喘模型的建立

目的建立重组粉尘螨Ⅰ类变应原（Der f1）诱导BALB/c小鼠哮喘模型。方法 30只BALB/c小鼠随机分成3组：PBS阴性对照组、卵清蛋白（OVA）阳性对照组、重组Der f1模型组。用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测小鼠血清中IgG1、IgG2α和IgE含量,ELISA法检测脾细胞培养上清液和支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）IL-2、IL-4、IL-5、IL-17和IFN-γ含量,计数BALF中细胞总数,同时切取小鼠未灌洗侧肺组织进行病理学观察。结果 OVA阳性对照组、重组Der f1模型组小鼠血清中IgG1、IgG2a和IgE含量,脾细胞上清液和BALF中IL-2、IL-4、IL-5、IL-17和IFN-γ含量与PBS阴性对照组相比差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;OVA阳性对照组、重组Der f1模型组小鼠BALF中细胞总数和嗜酸性粒细胞（EOS）计数显著高于PBS组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。OVA阳性对照组和重组Der f1模型组小鼠肺部病理改变呈明显的变态反应性炎症。结论用重组Der f1能成功诱导BALB/c小鼠哮喘模型。     

葎草花粉特异性致敏哮喘动物模型的制备

目的 建立葎草花粉粗浸液诱导的小鼠变态反应气管炎症动物模型.方法 制备葎草花粉粗浸液,将40只清洁级雌性BALB/c小鼠按随机数字表法分为4组,每组10只.①空白对照组:PBS+氢氧化铝致敏激发;②低剂量组:100 μg葎草粗浸液+氢氧化铝致敏激发;③中剂量组:200 μg葎草粗浸液+氢氧化铝致敏激发;④高剂量组:300 μg葎草粗浸液+氢氧化铝致敏激发.通过HE染色观察小鼠肺部炎症和黏液分泌,支气管肺泡灌洗液中细胞总数和细胞分类,酶联免疫吸附试验检测BALF,脾组织匀浆上清的IL- 4、IFN-γ和血清抗原特异的抗体验证哮喘动物模型.结果 随着抗原浓度的升高,肺部病理改变呈明显的变态反应炎症;高剂量组小鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液中的细胞总数为(210.75±78.80)×106/L、巨噬细胞数为(48.65±3.27)%、EOS数为(24.37±4.28)%、IL- 4、血清抗原特异性IgE抗体、IgG1抗体明显高于空白对照组(P<0.05);支气管肺泡灌洗液﹑脾组织匀浆上清的IFN-γ较空白对照组下降(P<0.05).结论 葎草花粉成功构建小鼠变态反应气道炎症动物模型.     

Ⅰ型NKT细胞在哮喘小鼠气道炎症形成中的作用

目的:观察Ⅰ型NKT细胞在哮喘小鼠气道炎症形成中作用。方法:24只BALB/c小鼠随机分为对照组、哮喘组和过继转移组,每组8只;随机选取8只CD1d-/--BALB/c小鼠为CD1d-/-组。对照组和哮喘组、CD1d-/-组分别采用PBS和卵清白蛋白(OVA)致敏和激发,过继转移组采用OVA致敏,在第1次激发前24h给予Ⅰ型NKT细胞尾静脉注射。分别采用HE和PAS染色检测肺组织学和气道杯状细胞;姬姆萨染色检测支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)各细胞分类计数;ELISA法检测血清OVA特异性IgE和IgG1及BALF中IL-4、IL-5和IL-13水平;流式细胞仪检测肺Ⅰ型NKT细胞、IL-4+和IFN-γ+Ⅰ型NKT细胞的数量。结果:哮喘组小鼠肺Ⅰ型NKT细胞、IL-4+和IFN-γ+Ⅰ型NKT细胞的数量明显高于对照组(均P<0.05);过继转移组小鼠肺组织炎性细胞和气道基底膜杯状细胞增多,过继转移组小鼠BALF中嗜酸细胞数量、血清OVA特异性IgE和IgG1及BALF中IL-4、IL-5和IL-13水平明显高于哮喘组(均P<0.05);CD1d-/-组小鼠肺组织炎性细胞和气道基底膜杯状细胞增多,CD1d-/-组小鼠BALF中嗜酸细胞数量、血清OVA特异性IgE和IgG1及BALF中IL-4、IL-5和IL-13水平明显低于哮喘组,但明显高于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论:Ⅰ型NKT细胞可以增强哮喘小鼠气道炎症,但并不是哮喘小鼠气道炎症形成的必需因素。     

粉尘螨浸液治疗61例过敏性哮喘的疗效

<正> 粉尘螨浸液治疗过敏性哮喘的疗效已基本肯定,但在临床疗效上尚存在一定的个体差异性。分别用粉尘螨脱敏治疗和常规药物治疗观察疗效,并测定血清IgE和特异性IgE水平,其结果如下: 材料和方法一、研究对象:本院哮喘门诊61例经粉尘螨浸液皮肤挑刺试验阳性确诊为尘螨过敏性哮喘,其中男性37例,女性24例,平均年龄28岁(12～45岁),病程均在2年以上,不依赖皮质激素者。所有病例诊断标准均符合中华医学会呼吸系病学会1984年评定标准(试行草案)。二、血清总IgE和特异性IgE水平的测定。     

干扰素-γ对小鼠哮喘模型气道炎症和肺T淋巴细胞及血浆IgE的影响

[目的]探讨干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)对支气管哮喘(哮喘)小鼠气道炎症及肺T淋巴细胞和血浆中IgE的影响。[方法]C57BL／6小鼠随机分为正常对照组(A组,10只)、哮喘模型组(B组,10只)、IFN-γ注射组(C组,10只)。采用卵蛋白(OVA)和氢氧化铝致敏、雾化建立哮喘模型,B组、C组分别在致敏同时第1、3、5、9、15、17、20 d,1次／d腹腔注射生理盐水(0.1 m1)和IFN-γ(1 500U)。第22 d收取肺泡灌洗液(BALF)并取其肺T淋巴细胞体外培养及血浆中IgE。分析小鼠BALF和肺部淋巴细胞产生的细胞因子IL-4、IL-5及血浆中IgE水平的变化。[结果]A组无症状,B组哮喘鼠症状重,C组哮喘鼠症状轻。在BALF中嗜酸性粒细胞百分比(EOS％)计数A组0,B组20.1±7.0,C组0.7±0.2。哮喘模型组肺T淋巴细胞中IL-4、IL-5,血浆中IgE显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01),治疗组肺T淋巴细胞中IL-4、IL-5,血浆中IgE显著低于哮喘模型组(P<0.01)。[结论]IFN-γ可以抑制哮喘小鼠气道炎症,其机制之一可能与是抑制肺T淋巴细胞产生的IL-4、IL-5,降低血清中总IgE水平有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.