机械加工业工人体力劳动强度与能量消耗调查研究

本文调查研究了机械加工业工人体力劳动强度与能量消耗。结果表明机械加工业工人８小时工作日净劳动时间为３４５分钟，在工时利用率为７１．８９％，劳动能量代谢率平均为１．８９７８千卡／米２·分，８小时工作日总能量消耗为：７９２．８千卡，远低于卫生学限度。按照国家体力劳动强度分级标准判断，Ⅰ级占６６．６７％；Ⅱ级占３０．０３％，Ⅲ级占３．０３％。提示在目前生产技术水平下，机械加工业工人体力劳动强度和能量消耗均偏低。     

原发性骨横纹肌肉瘤(附8例报告及29例文献分析)

目的：探讨原发性骨横纹肌肉瘤的临床与Ｘ线特点，材料与方法；对本组８例及文献中２９例共３７例临床和Ｘ线资料进行了分析。结果：３７例中男２８例，女９例，年龄９～６１岁，平均３７．４岁，病程２～１４个月，平均７．５个月，病变位于胫骨１３例，占３５．１％，股骨１０例，占２７％，肱骨５例，占１３．５％；胸椎２例，占５．４％，骶骨２例，占５．４％，颅骨２例，占５．４％，腓骨１例，占２．７％，腰椎１例，占２．７     

广东大亚湾核电站运行前深圳市环境辐射水平及其所致居民剂量

目的调查广东大亚湾核电站运行前深圳市的环境辐射水平及其所致居民剂量。方法外照射调查使用ＲＳＳ－１１１高压电离室，ＦＤ－７１闪烁仪测定空气吸收剂量率或照射量率，用ＴＬＤ，ＬｉＦ（Ｍｇ，Ｃｕ，Ｐ）热释光剂量元件测定累积剂量。结果宇宙射线空气吸收剂量为２．９×１０－８Ｇｙ／ｈ，地表γ辐射空气吸收剂量率为：室外１０．８×１０－８Ｇｙ／ｈ，室内１３．４×１０－８Ｇｙ／ｈ；室内外空气中氡平均活度分别为２６．８Ｂｑ／ｍ３和１３．４Ｂｑ／ｍ３。结论由天然本底辐射所致公众人均年有效剂量约为１．６７ｍＳｖ，天然辐射所致全市公众集体年有效剂量为１．５４×１０３人·Ｓｖ·ａ－１。     

国产Nd：YAG激光切除人工晶体前膜

为了观察国产ＮｄＹＡＧ激光机切除人工晶体前膜的疗效，对１３例１５只眼进行治疗。有２只眼因前膜太厚治疗无效；其余１３只眼中，一次全部切除无复发者６只眼（占４６％），二次切除５只眼，三次切除２只眼。平均击射次数７５．８次，平均单次脉冲能量为１０ｍＪ，平均每次治疗总能量为５４３．６ｍＪ。击伤人工晶体旁中心１只眼，周边激光伤斑５只眼，１只眼发生暂时性眼压升高。讨论了激光切除前膜的适应证及术后前膜复发的因素。国产ＮｄＹＡＧ激光机切除前膜同样安全有效，并发症少。     

大强度游泳训练对儿童少年运动员免疫功能的影响

１对象与方法１．１对象：业余体校２０名８－１３岁儿童少年游泳运动员,均为男性。１．２训练内容：１周安排５次大强度训练课,时间分别是第１、３、４、６、７天下午;训练课主要内容为：４ｘ４００ｍ自由泳;８ｘ５０ｍ自由泳,其强度达９５％ＶＯ２ｍａｘ;１ｍｉｎ３０ｓ包干５０ｍ游,其强度达９０％～９５％ＶＯ２ｍａｘ;或者两组４ｘ２００ｍ混合泳;８ｘ５０ｍ混合泳,训练时间２小时左右。第２、５天早上加力量练习１个小时,下午是简单的水中练习。１．３血样的采集：在运动前安静时,第１天、第４天、第７天运动后即刻,以及…     

高原地区重体力工人劳动能力与全血5—羟色胺代谢的研究

探讨不同海拔高原低氧环境对重体力劳动者劳动能力的影响，研究以工地筑路民工为对象。采用荧光技术测定海拔２２６０ｍ移居３６００ｍ、５０５０ｍ筑路民工在重体力劳动负荷下全血５－羟色胺的变化。随海拔的升高，氧分压下降，筑 工劳动时间和劳动强度均在２２６０ｍ筑路工相等。但劳动效率明显降低，全血５－羟色胺含量梯度增高。移居３６００ｍ、５０５０ｍ筑路工二组与２２６０ｍ比较ｔ分别为２．３８６和３．１８，Ｐ均〈０．     

中国美利奴羊“U”系新类群

“Ｕ”系羊新类群公羔初生重平均４．８４ｋｇ，母羔平均４．９１ｋｇ；断妈重公羔平均３９．４２ｋｇ，母羔平均３４．６９ｋｇ；１２月龄体重公羊平均８０．５ｋｇ，母羊平均６３．１８ｋｇ。周岁公羊毛长平均１１．９７ｃｍ，剪毛量平均１３．１４ｋｇ，周岁母羊分别为１１．７４ｃｍ和１０．２０ｋｇ；平均净毛率达７０％以上。２周岁公羊体重平均１１６ｋｇ、毛长平均１１．５ｃｍ、剪毛量平均１４．５ｋｇ、净毛率７０．２％，     

优质牛肉品质的研究

通过对经育肥的６头杂交牛肉品质分析表明，其肋肌鲜肉的干物质含量为６２．７５％，粗蛋白８．１２％，脂肪５２．５０％〈灰分０．５３％，失水率平均为２８．５４％，系水率４９．３１％〉ｐＨ值５．１２，剪切值５．１９ｋｇ，肌纤维直径４５．５１μｍ，肌纤维密度为３８８．１０Ｎ／ｍｍ＾２，不同部位之间均差异不显著；鲜肉中氨基酸的总量为５０．１８％，两种鲜味氨基酸含量为１５．３７％，且均以肋肉含量最高。     

儿童颅内转移性肿瘤的CT特点

目的：分析儿童颅内转移性肿瘤的ＣＴ特点。材料和方法：１６例颅内转移的原发灶中颅外神经母细胞瘤６例、颅内生殖细胞瘤４例、髓母细胞瘤２例、白血病２例、淋巴瘤１例和脑干肿瘤１例。１５例中原发灶或／和转移灶经组织学证实，仅１例脑干肿瘤及其转移为ＣＴ诊断。原发肿瘤诊断年龄从２至１３岁，平均８．７岁，从原发肿瘤诊断至发现转移的间隔时间从０至４２个月，平均１３．１个月。结果：柔脑膜转移在１６例中有１０例，占６２．５％：脑实质转移８／１６，占５０％：硬膜外转移４／１６，占２５％。结论：ＣＴ对各种类型颅内转移的诊断是有价值的。与成人相比，儿童脑外转移（硬膜外转移和柔脑膜转移１４／１６，占８７．５％）明显多于脑内转移（８／１６，占５０％），脑内转移主要是由柔脑膜转移而不是血行转移发展而来。     

高原养路工体力劳动强度调查研究

目的：通过对高原地区不同海拔高度养路工劳动强度的调查分析，从而提出合理的劳动生产定额和劳动作业制度；方法：选择本省不同海拔（察尔汗、都兰、花石峡）养路工人，分别进行工时利用率、肺通气量、能量代谢率和心率测定，按照国家标准（GB－3869－83）的要求进行分级；结果：在同一海拔高度，随着劳动强度增加，肺通气量、能量代谢率和心率均有增加，特别是在重体力劳动时肺通气量变化明显，察尔汗、都兰、花石峡3个地区工作日总能量消耗超过国家规定的卫生学限度，劳动强度分别为Ⅱ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级；结论：人体在高原从事体力劳动时，随着海拔的升高，生理负荷加重，劳动能力下降。     

The role of interventional radiology in trauma

Introduction Interventional Radiology has evolved into a specialty having enormous input into the care of the traumatized patient.In all hospitals,regardless of size,the Interventional Radiologist must consider their relationships with the trauma service in order to     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Diagnóstico ecográfico del neumotórax

The ultrasonographic diagnosis of pneumothorax is based on the analysis of artifacts. It is possible to confirm or rule out pneumothorax by combining the following signs: lung sliding, the A and B lines, and the lung point. One fundamental advantage of lung ultrasonography is its easy access in any critical situation, especially in patients in the intensive care unit. For this reason, chest ultrasonography can be used as an alternative to plain-film X-rays and computed tomography in critical patients and in patients with normal plain films in whom pneumothorax is strongly suspected, as well as to evaluate the extent of the pneumothorax and monitor its evolution.     

Carbohydrate Supplementation during Exercise: Does It Help? How Much is Too Much?

KEY POINTS· Carbohydrate intake during exercise can delay the onset of fatigue and improve performance of prolonged exercise as well as exercise of shorter duration and greater intensity (e.g., continuous exercise lasting about 1h and intermittent high-intensity exercise), but the mechanisms by which performance is improved are different.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

磁共振DWI和动态增强鉴别颅底脊索瘤和侵袭性垂体瘤的应用

目的 探讨磁共振扩散加权成像(DWI)和动态增强在颅底脊索瘤和侵袭性垂体瘤(IPA)鉴别诊断中的应用价值.方法 搜集经手术病理证实且影像学有鞍区破坏的颅底脊索瘤患者15例、向鼻咽部侵犯的IPA患者20例.测量二者的表观扩散系数(ADC)值,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),分析动态增强曲线的类型,统计达峰时间(TTP)、增强峰值(EP)和最大对比增强率(MCER),分析各个参数在鉴别诊断中的价值.结果 颅底脊索瘤的ADC值为(1.274±0.07)×10-3mm2/s,高于IPA ADC值(0.672±0.03) ×10-3 mm2/s(P ＜0.001),ADC阈值为0.964×10-3mm2/s时,ROC曲线下面积为0.997,敏感度为93.3％,特异度为100％.颅底脊索瘤时间-信号强度曲线(TIC)Ⅰ型14例,TICⅢ型1例,此例TICⅢ型者TTP约40 s;IPA TIC Ⅰ型7例,TICⅢ型13例.颅底脊索瘤和IPA的EP、MCER差异均有统计学意义(P ＜0.001).结论 ADC值和TIC的类型及其相关参数(EP,MCER)有助于颅底脊索瘤和IPA之间的鉴别.     

Treatment of intrahepatic arteriovenous fistula in hepatocellular carcinoma with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continues to be one of the most common malignancies with an incidence of approximately one million cases per year and a dismal prognosis; some authors have reported a median survival of 1 ～ 2 months after diagnosis. Although surgery remains the only hope for cure, few patients are candidates[1,2].     

U50,488H对正常及缺氧心肌细胞L型钙电流的作用

目的 探讨心脏阿片受体和β-受体相互作用的机制。方法 采用全细胞膜片钳技术,观察U50,488H(β-阿片受体选择性激动剂)对正常和缺氧心肌细胞L型钙电流的作用。结果 U50,488H剂量依赖性(0．1～100μmol／L)抑制正常心肌细胞的L型钙电流及异丙肾上腺素(0．1μmol／L)激动的钙电流,而细胞缺氧后,这一抑制作用减弱;U50,488H对Forskolin(10μmol／L)激动的L型钙电流无明显影响。结论 β-阿片受体对β-受体信号的负性调节作用在细胞缺氧后减弱,其作用位点可能发生于β-受体与腺苷酸环化酶环节之间。