Expression of MCP-1 and TGF-β1 and its significance in early stage of obstructive jaundice in rats

Objective To investigate the expression of MCP-1 and TGF-β1 in early stage of ob-structive jaundice and explore its relation to liver correlated injury indexes in rats. Methods Fifty male Wistar rats were randomized into the control group, sham-operated group and biliary obstruction group. On day 10, serum ALT and BIL-T levels were determined in inferior caval blood and hepatic MDA was estimated in liver homogenates. Meanwhile, serum TGF-β1 level was measured by ELISA and the MCP-1 infiltration determined with immunohistochemistry. Results Serum ALT and BIL-T values were elevated. Meanwhile, the liver MDA content was increased. The positive expression of MCP-1 was augmented and serum TGF-β1 was over-expressed in the early stage after obstructive jaun-dice in rats. The hepatic MCP-1 expression had a positive correlation with the elevated ALT, BIL-T and MDA levels. However, the serum TGF-β1 content only had a positive correlation with ALT and BIL-T. Conclution Hepatic MCP-1 and serum TGF-β1 expression in the early stage after biliary tract obstruction is related to liver injury and extrahepatic cholestasis. Meanwhile, the hepatic MCP-1 ex-pression is correlated with hepatic oxidation stress. They have an important significance in liver injury in rats during the early period of obstructive jaundice.     

人全厚皮片移植裸鼠模型烧伤后 MMP-1、TIMP-1、TGF-β1的表达

目的研究基质金属蛋白酶-1(MMP-1)、金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子-1(TIMP-1)、转移生长因子-1(TGF-β1)在烧伤创面愈合至瘢痕(HS)形成过程中的表达、关系和作用.方法将人的正常全厚皮肤移植于裸鼠,待其完全存活后造成深Ⅱ度烧伤创面.用免疫组织化学染色的方法,观察MMP-1、TIMP-1、TGF-β1在烧伤创面愈合至HS形成全过程中的表达.结果 MMP-1于烧伤后第2天出现,第3～15天表达较强,第28天已下降到基底值.TIMP-1于烧伤后第2天出现,一直持续到烧伤后5个月HS形成,其表达类似于MMP-1的接触界面模式,但无MMP-1规则,且在血管周围有明显的分布.TGF-β1于烧伤后12 h出现,一直持续到烧伤后5个月HS的形成.三种因子在不同结构的接触界面表达明显.结论在创伤愈合的炎症期和增生期,MMP-1和TIMP-1两种力量处于动态平衡;在重塑期,TIMP-1通过抑制MMP-1的表达减少胶原降解,从而诱导HS形成.TGF-β1在创伤愈合过程中广泛和长期的表达模式,与它对细胞功能广泛的调节作用一致,与它对MMP-1的抑制作用也一致.     

强脉冲光对培养的人成纤维细胞表达MMP-1和TIMP-1的影响

目的：观察强脉冲光照射对体外培养的成纤维细胞表达基质金属蛋白酶（MMP-1）和基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子（TIMP-1）的影响，探讨IPL嫩肤作用的分子生物学机制。方法：采用能量密度分别为20、25、30J／cm^2的强脉冲光对培养的人成纤维细胞进行照射，于照射后24h及48h应用ELIsA法测定上清液中MMP-1和TIMP-1的表达并与对照组比较。结果：照射24h后25及30J／cm^2组上清液中检测到的MMP-1、TIMP-1含量轻度升高；48h时各能量组MMP-1均升高，但各组间并无显著性差异。TIMP-1随能量的升高而含量增高。结论：强脉冲光照射成纤维细胞后可引起MMP-1，TIMP-1表达的增加，但是TIMP-1的增加远远大于MMP-1的增加，提示IPL嫩肤作用的生物学机制可能与成纤维细胞产生的TIMP-1增加有关。     

内皮素对人肾小球系膜细胞表达细胞粘附分子的影响

目的 探讨内皮素-1(ET1-1)对体外培养的人肾小球系膜细胞表达细胞间粘附分子-1(ICAM-1)和血管细胞粘附分子-1(VCAM-1)的调节作用。方法 利用Northern杂交技术和细胞ELISA方法分别从mRNA和蛋白质两个水平观察ICAW-1和VCAM-1的变化。结果 在正常培养条件下,人肾小球系膜细胞仅低水平表达一定量的ICAM-1、VCAM-1的mRNA和蛋白质;ET-1(10~(-7)mol)刺激后,这两种细胞粘附分子的mRNA表达迅速上调,且随后其相应蛋白质表达也显著增加并呈时间依赖性。结论 提示ET-1对粘附分子表达的促进作用可能在传小球疾病的发生中具有重要意义。     

肝细胞癌中Ephrin-A1及其受体的表达与血管生成的关系

目的:探讨Ephrin-A1 及其受体与肝细胞癌血管生成之间的关系。方法:采用免疫组织化学SP法和逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测52例肝细胞癌（肝癌组）和癌旁组织（癌旁组）标本中Ephrin-A1及其受体EphA1和EphA2蛋白及mRNA的表达情况，并分析其与肝细胞癌的临床病理因素及微血管密度(microvessel density, MVD)之间的关系。结果:在52例肝癌组中 Ephrin-A1及其受体EphA1，EphA2的蛋白阳性表达率分别为59.6%(31/52)，53.8%(28/52)和17.3%(9/52),而癌旁组织中的蛋白阳性表达率分别为23.1%(12/52)，28.9% (15/52)以及21.2%(11/52)。Ephrin-A1及其受体EphA1在两组中的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)，而EphA2在两组间的差异无显著性（P>0.05）。Ephrin-A1及其受体EphA1mRNA在肝癌组的阳性表达率为67.3%(35/52)和73.7%(38/52)，明显高于癌旁组中的阳性表达42.3%(22/52)和48.1% (25/52) (P<0.05)，而EphA2mRNA在两组间的差异无显著性（P>0.05）。Ephrin-A1蛋白的高表达与患者的甲胎蛋白(AFP)水平及有无门静脉癌栓有关(P<0.05)。Spearman等级相关分析显示，在肝癌组中Ephrin-A1的表达与EphA1的表达呈正相关(r=0.671,P<0.01);而Ephrin-A1与EphA2的表达无相关性;肝癌组中Ephrin-A1的表达与MVD呈正相关(r=0.826,P<0.01)。结论:Ephrin-A1通过与其受体EphA1相结合，促进肝细胞癌的血管生成，从而促进肝细胞癌的生长、浸润和转移; Ephrin-A1及其受体EphA1有望成为肝癌抗血管生成治疗新的靶点。     

急性胰腺炎肺损伤大鼠肺组织肿瘤坏死因子受体-1与窖蛋白-1的表达及清胰汤的治疗作用

目的 观察肿瘤坏死因子受体-1(TNFR-1)和窖蛋白-1(Cav-1)在急性胰腺炎肺损伤大鼠肺组织的表达及功能,探讨清胰汤的可能作用机制.方法 Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、地塞米松治疗组、清胰汤治疗组.经胰胆管逆行注射脱氧胆酸钠建立大鼠急性胰腺炎肺损伤模型.24 h后采血和肺组织,检测血清淀粉酶、肺湿/干重比值和肺组织病理切片判定损伤程度;放免法检测血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平;逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和Western blot分别检测肺组织中TNFR-1和Cav-1的mRNA及蛋白表达.结果 模型组血清淀粉酶、肺湿/干重比值、血清TNF-α(4.82±0.14比2.96±0.30,P＜0.01)和肺组织病理损伤程度均明显升高;肺组织TNFR-1的mRNA表达上调(1.29±0.15比0.43±0.05,P＜0.01),而Cav-1的mRNA表达则下调(1.14±0.10比2.00±0.10,P＜0.01);脂筏内外表达的TNFR-1均升高,尤以脂筏内升高明显,而Cav-1则表达下降.与模型组比较,地塞米松和清胰汤组的血清淀粉酶、肺湿/干重比值、血清TNF-α(地塞米松组:3.79±0.11,清胰汤组:3.66±0.10,模型组:4.82±0.14,P＜0.01)和肺组织病理损伤程度均下降;肺组织TNFR-1的mRNA表达下降(地塞米松组:0.48±0.01,清胰汤组:0.49±0.02,模型组:1.29±0.15,P＜0.01),而Cav-1的mRNA则表达升高(地塞米松组:1.66±0.06,清胰汤组:1.52±0.04,模型组:1.14±0.10,P＜0.01);脂筏内外表达的TNFR-1均下降,而Cav-1则上升.结论 TNF-α/TNFR-1的表达增加和Cav-1表达的下降与急性胰腺炎肺损伤密切相关.地塞米松和清胰汤都能够明显降低TNFR-1的表达并上调Cav-1的表达,有效减轻肺损伤程度,这可能是清胰汤治疗急性胰腺炎肺损伤的作用机制之一.     

通过PD-1/PD-L1共刺激通路诱导小鼠胰岛移植免疫耐受的研究

目的 观察重组腺病毒Ad-PD-L1对诱导小鼠胰岛移植免疫耐受的作用.方法 酶切含有小鼠全长PD-L1 cDNA的pSport 1-mCD274质粒,亚克隆到穿梭质粒pShuale-GFP-CMV(-)上,再通过酶切、连接等方法构建腺病毒骨架质粒pAdxsi-GFP-CMV-PD-L1,转化DH5α感受态细菌,筛选阳性克隆.经酶切、测序鉴定正确,线性化后脂质体法转染293细胞进行包装、扩增,氯化铯密度梯度离心纯化病毒.链脲霉素(250 mg/kg)腹腔注射诱导C57BL/6(H-2b)小鼠糖尿病模型,将C57BL/6小鼠随机分为3组,A为对照组,B为Ad-EGFP处理组,C为Ad-PD-L1处理组,在进行胰岛移植的前1天,经尾静脉输注5×108 pfu的Ad-PD-L1.将DBA/2(H-2d)小鼠的胰岛移植在糖尿病小鼠肾被膜下.术后监测不同时间各组小鼠的血糖变化及胰岛移植物的存活时间,并观察混合淋巴细胞反应的特异性.结果 酶切及测序证实Ad-PD-L1构建成功.Ad-PD-L1在小鼠体内可以高效地表达PD-L1,Ad-PD-L1治疗组胰岛移植物的存活时间明显延长到27.63±3.51 d(P<0.01),混合淋巴细胞反应表明小鼠对供体反应特异性降低. 结论通过PD-L1/PD-1共刺激通路可以抑制T细胞的活化,从而延长了胰岛移植物的存活时间.     

雷公藤甲素对TNF-α诱导的肾系膜细胞MCP-1和ICAM-1表达干预及其机制的研究

目的：观察雷公藤甲素对TNF-α诱导的肾系膜细胞（GMC）MCP-1,ICAM-1表达的干预并探讨其作用机制。方法：把培养的GMC按刺激及干预情况分为正常对照组、TNF-α刺激组、雷公藤甲素低（5ng/ml）,中（10ng/ml）,高浓度（15ng/ml）干预组,以及吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸盐（PDTC）干预组（阳性对照组）、PDTC与雷公藤甲素（10ng/ml）联合干预组。TNF-α刺激干预诱导24h后,分别提取细胞上清液、细胞质、细胞核等成分,采用ELISA法检测MCP-1,ICAM-1,IκB,IκBα,ELISA结合EMSA方法检测各组NF-κB p65,以RT-realtime PCR方法检测MCP-1,ICAM-1的mRNA。结果：TNF-α刺激组MCP-1、ICAM-1的mRNA及蛋白表达、NF-κB p65分子水平较对照组显著增高（P〈0.01）;各浓度雷公藤甲素或PDTC干预后上述指标显著下降（P〈0.01）,其中PDTC与雷公藤甲素联合干预组较单用PDTC干预组MCP-1、ICAM-1更低。相关分析表明NF-κB p65与MCP-1及ICAM-1的蛋白和mRNA表达水平呈正相关。GMC经TNF-α刺激后IκB有所下降,雷公藤甲素呈剂量依赖性上调κB,TNF-α刺激后磷酸化的IκBα较正常对照组显著升高（P〈0.05）,低浓度雷公藤甲素可显著下调其水平（P〈0.05）。结论：雷公藤甲素能显著抑制GMC分泌MCP-1、ICAM-1等促炎因子的mRNA及蛋白表达,其机制可能是促进IκB表达上调,并抑制IκBα磷酸化,从而阻断细胞核NF-κB p65活化所致。     

SYBR GreenⅠ实时荧光定量PCR检测结直肠癌中Tiam-1和HPA-1基因的表达

目的：检测Tiam-1基因和HPA-1基因在结直肠癌组织中的表达水平,探讨两者与结直肠癌侵袭转移及预后的关系。方法：选取2009年8月-2010年1月我院行手术治疗的结直肠癌患者53例。采用SYBR GreenⅠ实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）方法检测Tiam-1 mRNA及HPA-1 mRNA在结直肠癌组织、癌旁组织（距癌2cm）及远离结直肠癌的手术切缘正常组织中（距癌5cm以上）的表达水平,并分析两者与结直肠癌临床病理参数的关系。结果：HPA-1 mRNA和Tiam-1 mRNA在结直肠癌中的表达水平（35.87±12.30,40.79±9.32）显著高于癌旁组织（13.13±6.71,12.39±5.38）和正常组织（4.06±3.55,6.09±4.86,P均〈0.05）,癌旁组织中二者的表达水平高于正常组织,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。Tiam-1和HPA-1的基因表达水平在肿瘤的高/中分化和低分化之间,T1～T2和T3～T4之间,有淋巴结转移和无淋巴结转移之间、有血行转移和无血行转移之间及Ⅰ～Ⅱ和Ⅲ～Ⅳ期之间的差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0.05）。Spearman等级相关分析证明了Tiam-1与HPA-1的表达呈正相关趋势（OR=0.46,P=0.048）。结论：Tiam-1 mRNA和HPA-1 mRNA在结肠癌组织中呈高表达,且二者的表达增强可促进结肠癌的侵袭转移,联合检测Syndecan-1及HPA-1对于指导结肠癌临床治疗及判断预后有重要价值。     

肌肉细胞特异性泛素蛋白连接酶在癌性恶液质小鼠骨骼肌中的表达

)g、(108.80±14.82)mg比(125.00±10.00)mg(P＜0.05).荷瘤组腓肠肌中Atrogin-1和MuRF1在mRNA水平表达分别达对照组的24.83和2.9.02倍,其蛋白水平表达也升高.结论 E3表达上调在癌性恶液质肌萎缩发生机制中起重要作用.     

下肢静脉高压对局部可溶性黏附分子水平表达的影响

目的研究下肢静脉高压对局部血清黏附分子含量的影响。方法经过双功彩超和静脉造影，选取单下肢慢性静脉功能不全（chronic venous insufficiency，CVI）的患者20例，在下肢静止下垂30min后分别抽取双下肢静脉血，同时取上肢静脉血作为对照组，而后取平卧位15min后再取双下肢静脉血。分为曲张静脉直立组（Vh组）、正常静脉直立组（Nh组）、曲张静脉平卧组（Vr组）、正常静脉平卧组（Nr组）和上肢对照组5组。用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测血清中的sICAM-1、sVCAM-1的含量。结果（1）Vh组和Nh组这两组静脉高压组的sICAM-1、sVCAM-1明显高于对照组（P〈0．01），而Vh组和Nh组之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。（2）Nr组和Nh组相比，sICAM-1、sVCAM-1均下降（P〈0．05）。（3）Vr组和Vh组相比，sICAM-1、sVCAM-1无明显变化（P〉0．05）。结论下肢静脉系统在血流淤滞和静脉高压的情况下，无论是否本身静脉有异常，局部的内皮细胞和白细胞均有激活并表达黏附分子。而在短时间静脉高压解除后，曲张静脉中局部的黏附分子高水平表达提示炎症仍持续，而正常静脉则有所下降。曲张静脉中炎症反应的持续性表达可能是CVI发展的重要环节。     

肝部分切除后肝再生中Notch/Jagged信号及TNF和IL-1的表达

目的 研究Notch/Jagged信号传导通路及TNF和IL-1在大鼠肝部分切除术后肝再生中所起的作用.方法 取Wister大鼠行肝部分切除术,术后0,5,15,30 min和1,3,6,12 h及1,2,4,7 d留取再生肝组织,检测Notch-1、Jagged-1和增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)蛋白的表达,RT-PCR检测Notch-1和Jagged-1的mRNA的表达,ELASA法测血清中TNF-α和IL-6的浓度.结果 肝部分切除后Notch-1蛋白在肝血窦内皮及门脉周围细胞表达增强,Jagged-1蛋白在胆管及门脉周围肝细胞上较强地表达.Noteh-1的mRNA表达量在6～48 h下调,Jagged-1的mRNA表达星在3～6 h上调,12～24 h下调.PCNA表达在术后12 h明显增加,1～2 d达到高峰.IL-6血清浓度在术后24 h达到高峰.TNF-α血清浓度高峰在3 h左右出现.结论 在肝脏被部分切除后,Notch/Jagged信号通路可以促进胆管的形成和结构维持,有助于新生血管的形成及肝细胞的增殖.TNF-α可以激活IL-6的表达,而IL-6参与肝细胞增殖过程中的启动、调控、终止等多个环节.     

小鼠慢性肝损伤对尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖苷酰转移酶1A1 mRNA表达的影响

目的探讨慢性肝损伤对小鼠尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖苷酰转移酶(UGT)1A1mRNA表达的影响。方法通过四氯化碳(CCl4)灌胃建立小鼠慢性肝损伤模型,采用33只雄性昆明鼠,随机分为三组:A组(正常对照),B组(实验组,以10%CCl4花生油溶液0.1ml/10g灌胃/每3天,持续30天),C组(实验组,以10%CCl4花生油溶液0.1ml/10g灌胃,每3天,持续60天)。观察肝功能改变,肝脏形态变化,并以逆转录—聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法检测各组肝脏UGT1A1mRNA表达的差异。结果各组间UGT1A1mRNA表达有显著差异(P<0.05),实验组UGT1A1mRNA表达比正常组降低,且肝损伤程度越严重表达越低。结论CCl4所致慢性肝损伤中能降低肝脏UGT1A1mRNA的表达。     

INI1-Deficient Thyroid Carcinoma is an Aggressive Disease with Epithelioid and Rhabdoid Phenotype. A Case Report,Survey of INI1 Expression in Thyroid Lesions and Literature Review

Integrase interactor 1 (INI1)-deficient carcinomas, recently described in several sites including the head and neck, are associated with basaloid or rhabdoid histology and aggressive behavior irrespective of origin. INI1-deficient thyroid carcinoma is extremely rare. We present here the phenotype and genotype of an INI1-deficient thyroid carcinoma and report on the INI1 protein expression in various thyroid lesions. Case report with clinicopathologic and molecular characterization and INI1 assessment in 184 thyroid lesions. A 67-year-old woman presented with globus sensation due to a large thyroid mass with extrathyroid extension, focal necrosis and cervical and mediastinal nodal involvement. Histologically, tumor cells had a solid, alveolar and pseudopapillary architecture in a myxoid stroma, exhibited monomorphic epithelioid and focal rhabdoid/plasmacytoid morphology and lacked glandular, squamous or follicular cell differentiation. Tumor cells were positive for AE1/AE3 and CK18 but negative for TTF1, thyroglobulin and PAX8. INI1 nuclear expression was absent. A frameshift SMARCB1/INI1 mutation was detected. In addition, TET2 and Notch1 mutations were present but alterations of BRAF, RET, PAX8/PPAR8 or RAS were not identified. Patient death occurred 14 months after diagnosis from post-therapeutic complications. None of the 184 benign and malignant thyroid lesions tested, including 12 poorly and undifferentiated thyroid carcinomas, were INI1-deficient. INI1-deficient thyroid carcinoma shares the phenotype, genotype and biology of other INI1-deficient tumors. Epithelioid and plasmacytoid/rhabdoid changes are most frequent whereas basaloid morphology is not reported, in contrast with sinonasal tumors. Poorly differentiated and undifferentiated thyroid tumors with epithelioid or rhabdoid morphology should be tested for INI1 protein expression to better characterize these aggressive neoplasms and identify patients eligible for targeted therapy.     

Polymorphisms of GSTT1 and related genes in head and neck cancer risk

BACKGROUND: Glutathione S-transferase T1 detoxifies some environmental carcinogens while activating others and is deleted in 15% to 38% of humans. We sought to determine whether GSTT1 genotype and genotypes of several related genes are associated with risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC). METHODS: Somatic genotypes for GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1, and CYP1A1 were determined in 283 individuals with HNSCC and 208 population-based controls. RESULTS: The OR for presence of GSTT1 was 1.6 (CI, 1.1-2.5, p = 0.03). HNSCC risk was not associated with GSTM1 null genotype, the presence of the GSTP1 Val/Val genotype, or the Val/Val homozygous genotype for CYP1A1. Stratified analysis revealed disparate ORs for women (OR, 3.0; CI, 1.5-6.3) and men (OR, 1.2; CI, 0.7-2.1) for the presence of GSTT1. CONCLUSIONS: In this population, the presence of GSTT1 gene was associated with a significant increase in the risk of HNSCC. This association was particularly robust in women.     

Genetic polymorphisms of CYP1A1, CYP2E1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 associated with head and neck cancer

BACKGROUND: Alcohol intake and tobacco smoke, in addition to other environmental and genetic factors, have been associated with head and neck cancer. We evaluated the role of metabolic enzyme polymorphisms on the risk of head and neck cancer in a hospital-based case-control study. METHODS: CYP1A1MspI, CYP2E1PstI, GSTM1, and GSTT1polymorphisms were evaluated in 103 histologically confirmed head and neck cancer cases and 102 controls by means of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. RESULTS: GSTM1null increased the risk of head and neck cancer (odds ratio [OR], 2.2; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.24-3.79), oral cancer (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.28-5.98), and pharyngeal cancer (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.08-4.63). CYP2E1PstI polymorphism indicated a risk for oral cancer (OR, 3.6; 95% CI, 1.29-11.56). The joint effect of GSTM1 null and CYP1A1 polymorphism increased the risk of head and neck cancer (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.13-5.10). CONCLUSIONS: GSTM1 null alone or associated with CYP1A1 increased the risk of head and neck cancer; the CYP2E1PstI mutated allele increased the risk for only oral cancer.