室温、恒温与微波骨组织脱钙实验方法的比较

为了探求简单、便捷、快速、有效的骨组织脱钙法,比较室温、恒温与微波三种脱钙实验方法的效果,选择同一新西兰兔双侧桡骨,选取A、B、C 3种脱钙液,分别于室温、37℃恒温水浴、10%(相对微波发射能量)微波、30%(相对微温发射能量)微波条件下进行脱钙,两种微波脱钙温控在37℃。每小时更换一次脱钙液,分别收集脱钙液,至脱钙终点,将每个脱钙骨标本的全部脱钙液,用原子吸收分光光度计测量钙脱出量,并将脱钙骨标本常规处理切片进行光镜观察。比较3种脱钙液分别在4种脱钙条件下,脱钙骨标本到达脱钙终点的时间、钙脱出量、光镜观片效果。结果,A、B、C 3种脱钙液分别在4种脱钙条件下,①到达终点的时间:室温组与恒温、10%微波、30%微波组之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);恒温组、10%微波、30%微波组间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);②终点钙脱出量:用原子分光光度计测得钙脱出量为56.43～66.51mg/100mg标本骨,每种脱钙液室温组、恒温组、10%微波、30%微波组间进行比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。恒温脱钙法与微波脱钙法到达脱钙终点的时间是室温脱钙法的1/12～1/6;三种脱钙法脱钙效果无差异,脱钙后切片光镜观片三者清晰度均满意,但恒温脱钙法较微波脱钙法操作简单,设备要求不高。     

环孢素A对脱钙骨基质植入物钙离子的影响

目的　探讨环孢素A对脱钙骨基质植入物钙离子的影响。方法　用 40只新西兰大白兔 ,分 4组 ,每只植入 6块脱钙骨制备物 (同种或异种脱钙骨 )。然后 ,分别肌注含环孢素A的实验液或对照液。记录植入物钙离子含量。结果　第 4周时 ,同种脱钙骨实验组植入物的钙含量较对照组增加了 3 4% ,但无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。异种脱钙骨实验组植入物的钙含量较对照组增加了 3倍 ,有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　环孢素A能使同种脱钙骨植入物钙含量的峰值提前 1周出现 ,能增加异种脱钙骨植入物的钙含量。     

改良硝酸脱钙方法的研究及应用

目的探讨低温微波-硝酸快速脱钙方法对骨、牙齿及其他钙化组织的脱钙效果。方法实验组采用＂低温微波-硝酸快速脱钙＂方法脱钙,对照组采用室温（20℃）硝酸脱钙液脱钙,硝酸脱钙液的浓度均为10%。应用HE染色,显微镜下观察染色效果。结果低温微波-硝酸快速脱钙方法与室温（20℃）硝酸脱钙液脱钙比较,前者能得到一张高质量的HE切片。结论低温微波-硝酸快速脱钙能在短时间内获得满意的染色效果。     

骨电镜标本微波快速脱钙终点的测定

骨电镜标本微波快速脱钙终点的测定杨传红，赖晃文，唐庚云，姜秀英广州军区广州总医院医学实验科，广州市，５１００１０关键词骨；脱钙，微波；电子显微镜目前骨常规脱钙方法时间太长，超微结构保存不良，不利于临床病理的快速诊断。我们用微波（Ｍｉｃｒｏｗａｖｅ，Ｍ...     

骨与钙化组织脱钙过程的探讨(脱钙终点的控制问题)

<正> 习用的脱钙终点控制多赖于操作者的经验作近似终点的定性判断,难于确切地取得最佳切片染色效果。Mawhinney 和 Richar-dson 等人提出称量组织块失重作为脱钙终点控制依据,把定性判断提高到了定量水平。但对含水样块难于精确地称取实际重量,加以手续麻烦,妨碍了广泛应用。本文作者认为以脱出到溶液中的总钙量不再增加或骨标本中的钙正好脱尽,作为脱     

三种脱钙液对骨组织免疫组化染色的影响

目的探讨三种脱钙液对骨组织免疫组化染色的影响。方法选择12例骨组织,随机分为3组。A组用14%硝酸脱钙液进行处理,B、C组分别用EDTA脱钙液、PLANK脱钙液进行处理,同时对CD3、CD68、Ki-67和TTF-1染色。结果室温条件下,硝酸脱钙液的脱钙时间最短,但对组织损伤最大。PLANK脱钙液和EDTA脱钙液脱钙效果较好,组织结构完整,形态清晰,免疫组化染色较好。结论室温条件下,三种脱钙液中PLANK脱钙液和EDTA脱钙液对骨组织脱钙及免疫组化染色效果较好。但由于EDTA脱钙液脱钙时间过长,PLANK脱钙液脱钙均匀,速度快,更适合用于临床病理检查。硝酸脱钙液脱钙最快,但是免疫组化染色效果较差。     

"低温微波-硝酸快速脱钙"技术研究及应用

目的 探讨低温微波-硝酸快速脱钙技术对骨及软组织抗原活性的影响。方法 根据实验条件分为4组：①低温(10℃)微波硝酸；②室温(20℃)微波硝酸；③室温(20℃)硝酸，硝酸脱钙液的浓度分别是5％、8％、10％和13％；④10％乙烯二胺四乙酸钠(EDTA)脱钙液。应用免疫组织化学LSAB染色，光镜观察免疫组化染色结果。结果 以硝酸作为脱钙剂时，①组和④组的阳性细胞相近，均显著高于②、③组，经8％和10％硝酸脱钙的免疫组化染色阳性细胞明显多于5％和13％的硝酸。低温微波硝酸快速脱钙技术能显著缩短脱钙时间。结论 低温微波．硝酸快速脱钙能在短时间内获得满意的染色效果。     

脱钙骨制作标准的探讨

本文报告用Perkin—Elmer 2280型原子吸收分光光度仪对不同脱钙时间的免骨皮质及脱钙液中的钙量进行测定,求出其线性回归方程。结果显示:脱钙时间与脱钙量之间在一定条件下存在着正相关。作者认为:线性回归方程可用于指导各种脱钙骨的制作。     

骨组织制片中改良脱钙液与传统脱钙液的比较

目的探讨改良脱钙液与传统脱钙液脱钙能力的差异和对HE染色的影响。方法选取36例手术切除的新鲜骨标本,分别使用改良的脱钙液和传统的脱钙液脱钙,比较脱钙效果和HE染色效果。结果改良脱钙液组脱钙时间短于传统脱钙液组(P<0.01);改良脱钙液组切片质量良好率高于传统脱钙液组(P<0.05);改良脱钙液组染色效果良好率高于传统脱钙液组(P<0.01)。结论改良脱钙液脱钙彻底,组织清晰结构完整性更好。     

不同脱钙条件对骨组织免疫组织化学染色抗原性的影响

目的:探讨不同脱钙条件对骨组织免疫组织化学染色抗原活性的影响。方法:用8%硝酸分别在冰箱(4℃)、室温(2 0℃)、温箱(37℃)、温箱(6 0℃)、超声波、微波、光波、光波/微波组合Ⅰ组、光波/微波组合Ⅱ组条件下脱钙,应用LSAB免疫组织化学染色技术检测ANP、5 HT、S 1 0 0、NF、GFAP、CD3 1 、CD3 4 和Vimentin的表达,并对其染色结果进行图像分析和统计学处理。结果:8%硝酸脱钙从4℃、2 0℃、37℃到6 0℃随着脱钙液温度的温度升高,脱钙时间逐渐缩短,光波、微波和超声波中脱钙所用的时间比2 0℃、37℃、6 0℃明显缩短,比光波/微波组合Ⅰ、Ⅱ中所用的时间长。光波/微波组合Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组脱钙的免疫组化染色结果均明显比2 0℃、37℃、6 0℃、微波组、光波组和超声波组的好(P <0 .0 1 ) ,而光波/微波组合Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组之间,微波组、光波组和超声波组之间的免疫组化染色结果均无明显差异(P >0 .0 5 )。结论:光波/微波组合Ⅱ 8%硝酸脱钙所用时间最短,免疫组化染色效果最好。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.