高敏肌钙蛋白T对静脉溶栓后急性缺血性脑卒中患者预后判断的临床价值

目的：研究高敏肌钙蛋白T（hs?cTnT）升高对急性缺血性脑卒中（acute ischemic stroke,AIS）行静脉溶栓患者的临床预后和病死率的影响,并探讨影响hs?cTnT升高的因素。方法：回顾性分析本院262例患者的临床资料,分为hs?cTnT升高组（70例）和hs?cTnT正常组（192例）,预后不佳组（94例）和预后良好组（168例）,死亡组（24例）和存活组（238例）,分别进行组间比较、单因素和多因素回归分析。结果：多因素回归分析结果显示,高龄（OR=1.062,95%CI：1.029~1.097,P < 0.001）、男性（OR=4.35,95%CI：1.982~9.545,P < 0.001）、入院时美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）评分（OR=1.062,95%CI：1.019~1.106,P=0.004）是hs?cTnT升高的危险因素。高龄（OR=1.031,95%CI：1.003~1.059,P=0.028）、入院时NIHSS评分（OR=1.086,95%CI：1.042~1.131,P < 0.001）是AIS患者术后90 d预后不佳的危险因素。hs?cTnT升高（OR=5.31,95% CI：1.025~27.517,P=0.047）、入院NIHSS评分（OR=1.126,95%CI：1.057~1.200,P < 0.001）、高血压（OR=4.254,95% CI：1.387~13.046,P=0.011）是AIS患者术后90 d死亡的危险因素。结论：高龄、男性、入院时NIHSS评分高的AIS患者hs?cTnT检测水平更高,因而hs?cTnT可作为潜在的标志物来预测AIS患者静脉溶栓后的90 d病死率。     

单纯冠状动脉旁路移植术围术期主动脉内球囊反搏应用的预后分析

目的对单纯冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)围术期主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)应用情况进行回顾性分析,分析IABP辅助患者院内死亡的高危因素。方法入选2008年1月至2015年12月阜外医院单纯CABG使用IABP辅助发生院内死亡及生存出院的患者临资料,比较死亡与存活患者入院一般情况、术前合并症、术中及术后情况、IABP辅助情况等临床特点,通过Logistic回归分析导致院内死亡的独立危险因素。结果 8年间阜外医院单纯CABG共15 764例,围术期IABP植入共313(0.21%)例,院内死亡44例,死亡率为14.06%。IABP相关并发症总体发生率为2.56%,无IABP相关死亡。IABP应用院内死亡的独立危险因素分析显示高龄(年龄65岁)[OR=2.32,95%可信区间(95%CI):1.096~4.923,P=0.047]、住院时间长(OR=0.941,95%CI:0.873~0.970,P0.001)、呼吸机时间长(OR=1.02,95%CI:1.068~1.451,P=0.041)、并发症(OR=26.929,95%CI:1.240~15.196,P0.001)、同时行体外膜肺氧合(ECMO)辅助(OR=5.661,95%CI:9.943~72.93,P0.001)为院内死亡的独立危险因素。结论 IABP是高危CABG患者有效、安全的机械循环辅助装置,IABP相关的并发症发生率低。CABG围术期IABP应用死亡的独立危险因素为高龄、呼吸机时间及住院时间长、并发症的出现以及同时行ECMO辅助。     

神经重症患者发生神经源性心肌损伤的危险因素分析

目的探讨神经重症患者发生神经源性心肌损伤的危险因素。方法收集2018年10月至2019年12月浙江省人民医院收治的271例神经重症患者。记录患者的基本信息、既往病史、入院相关指标及住院相关指标。采用二元logistic回归筛选发生神经源性心肌损伤的危险因素。结果271例神经重症患者中神经源性心肌损伤的发生率为70.1%（190/271）。多因素logistic回归分析发现患者发生神经源性心肌损伤的危险因素为性别（女性颐男性,OR=2.6419,95%CI：1.2790~5.4569,P=0.0087）、BMI（BMI≥24kg/m2颐＜24kg/m2,OR=3.6236,95%CI：1.8219~7.2070,P=0.0002）、Glasgow昏迷评分（GCS）评分（7~8分颐3~4分,OR=0.3142,95%CI：0.1457~0.6777,P=0.0032）、急性生理与慢性健康Ⅱ（APACHEⅡ）评分（≥25分颐≤16分,OR=2.8833,95%CI：1.1134~7.4664,P=0.0292）、ICU住院时间（9~15d颐0~3d,OR=6.1388,95%CI：1.6883~22.3202,P=0.0059;≥16d颐0~3d,OR=6.4070,95%CI：1.5219~26.9729,P=0.0113）、急性肾损伤（AKI）（出现颐未出现,OR=3.9478,95%CI：2.0051~7.7730,P=0.0001）是神经重症患者发生神经源性心肌损伤的危险因素。结论神经重症患者发生神经源性心肌损伤的风险较高,临床应引起高度重视;女性、超重的患者更容易发生;GCS评分、APACHEⅡ评分、ICU住院时间、住院期间是否出现AKI是神经重症患者发生神经源性心肌损伤的危险因素。     

急性缺血性卒中一年预后不良的影响因素分析

目的 探讨急性缺血性卒中（acute ischemic stroke, AIS）1年预后不良的影响因素。方法 选取2014年1月至2018年11月河北省任丘康济新图医院的AIS患者，根据1年随访改良Rankin量表（modified Rankin scale, mRs）评分标准分为预后良好组（0 相似文献   

多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌血流感染危险因素及死亡风险回顾性分析

目的：明确多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌(MDRAB)血流感染的危险因素和死亡风险。方法：回顾分析2018年1月至2020年12月鲍曼不动杆菌血流感染住院患者60例的临床资料。以多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌血流感染患者为病例组（42例）,非多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌（Non-MDRAB）血流感染患者为对照组（18例）,分析MDRAB血流感染危险因素及其感染患者相关死亡风险。结果：除替加环素与多黏菌素外,2018—2020年鲍曼不动杆菌对临床常见抗菌药物的耐药率均超过70%。不恰当的经验性抗生素治疗（OR=8.62;95%CI:2.078～35.751）和有过ICU入住史（OR=5.952;95%CI:1.461～24.249）是住院患者MDRAB血流感染的独立危险因素。与Non-MDRAB血流感染患者相比,MDRAB血流感染患者住院期间具有更高的死亡风险（log-rank P<0.05）。重症肺炎（HR=2.667;95%CI:1.011～7.039）和休克（HR=5.294;95%CI:1.522～18.411）是鲍曼不动杆菌血流感染患者住院期间的潜在死亡因素。结论：本研究进一步明确了MDRAB血流感...     

孕晚期妇女焦虑、抑郁发生状况及影响因素研究

目的 :了解孕晚期妇女焦虑、抑郁的发生状况,探讨影响因素,为孕晚期妇女的心理健康调适提供科学依据。方法 :采用横断面研究方法,于2014年6月~2014年7月选取湖南省妇幼保健院住院待产的孕晚期妇女606名进行自填式匿名问卷调查。结果 :焦虑发生率为33.3%(95%CI:29.5%~37.1%);抑郁发生率为56.7%(95%CI:42.8%~60.6%)。个人为独生女(OR=0.55;95%CI:0.36~0.83),计划内妊娠(OR=0.54;95%CI:0.35~0.81),参与医保(OR=0.75;95%CI:0.43~0.87)是发生焦虑的保护因素;有重大疾病史(OR=2.34;95%CI:1.15~4.77),和丈夫家人同住(OR=2.75;95%CI:1.72~4.39)、和自己家人同住(OR=2.25;95%CI:1.23~4.10),妊娠压力源3升高(OR=1.65;95%CI:1.19~2.27),其他妊娠压力升高(OR=1.63;95%CI:1.11~2.39)是发生焦虑的危险因素。文化程度越高(OR=0.53;95%CI:0.39~0.73),职业为工人(OR=0.45;95%CI:0.28~0.73),有不良妊娠史(OR=0.26;95%CI:0.12~0.59),计划内妊娠(OR=0.39;95%CI:0.26~0.59)是抑郁发生的保护因素。居住在农村(OR=3.23;95%CI:1.73~6.03),妊娠压力源3升高(OR=1.41;95%CI:1.03~1.92)是抑郁发生的危险因素。焦虑、抑郁自评得分与社会支持得分呈负相关。结论 :孕晚期妇女的焦虑、抑郁发生率较高,应重视该人群的心理健康调适。危险因素的研究有助于有针对性采取干预措施。     

中青年和老年患者后循环脑梗死的相关危险因素特点分析

目的：探讨中青年和老年患者后循环脑梗死的相关危险因素及其特点。方法：回顾性分析2011年2月—2017年3月入住江苏大学附属医院神经内科1 881例急性脑梗死患者。依据年龄不同分为中青年组（18~59岁）和老年组（≥60岁）,每组再根据梗死部位不同分为后循环脑梗死组和前循环脑梗死组。对中青年组和老年组前后循环脑梗死的相关资料进行采集,并采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析对相关危险因素进行统计分析。结果：中青年组患者多因素Logistic回归分析结果表明糖尿病（OR=1.955,P<0.05,95%CI：1.042~3.667）有统计学意义。老年组患者中多因素Logistic回归分析显示：年龄（OR=0.973,P<0.001,95%CI：0.958~0.988）、高血压（OR=1.799,P<0.001,95%CI：1.316~2.460）、糖尿病（OR=2.605,P<0.001,95%CI：1.791~3.788）、空腹血糖（OR=1.069,P<0.05,95%CI：1.002~1.141）和尿酸（OR=0.998,P<0.05,95%CI：0.997~0.999）有统计学意义。糖尿病为中青年组后循环脑梗死的独立危险因素;高血压、糖尿病和空腹血糖高为老年组后循环脑梗死的独立危险因素,其中年龄相对小和尿酸水平高可能是前循环脑梗死的独立危险因素。结论：糖尿病为中青年组患者后循环脑梗死的独立危险因素。高血压、糖尿病和空腹血糖高为老年组患者后循环脑梗死的独立危险因素。     

青少年特发性脊柱侧凸术后发生恶心呕吐的危险因素分析

目的 探讨术中药物干预对青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(AIS)患者术后发生恶心呕吐的预测因素。方法 分析南京鼓楼医院2012年12月~2016年1月986例（男156例，女830例）AIS后路矫形手术患者相关资料。记录美国麻醉医师协会（ASA）分级、体质量指数（BMI）、术前Cobb角、术前呼吸合并症、心血管合并症、手术时间、麻醉方式、输入胶体液总量、晶体液总量、输血总量、术中出血量、尿量、术中平均动脉压（MAP）最低值及中心静脉压（CVP）最低值、术中芬太尼用量、术中应用右美托咪定、应用地塞米松、恩丹司琼以及氟哌利多的情况。记录术后48 h内恶心呕吐的发生情况、手术前后血红蛋白变化值（ΔHb）、术后镇痛的情况、使用止吐药的次数及种类和术后住院时间。进行单因素分析后，应用多因素Logistic 回归分析（前进法），筛选术后48 h内发生术后恶心呕吐的预测因素。结果 986例AIS患者中151例发生术后恶心呕吐（发生率15.3%）。多因素Logistic回归分析提示，术中芬太尼用量大（>0.65 mg）[P<0.001，OR=9.303，95%CI 2.373~8.622]、手术前后Hb变化值大（>28.5 g/L）（P<0.001， OR=1.107，95%CI 1.060~1.157）、使用芬太尼自控镇痛（P<0.001，OR=11.671，95%CI 2.381~11.284）是AIS矫形患者发生术后恶心呕吐的危险因素。术中应用右美托咪定（P=0.002，OR=0.027，95%CI 0.006~0.123）、术中应用地塞米松复合恩丹司琼（P= 0.032，OR=0.241，95%CI 0.066~0.886）是其保护因素。结论 术中芬太尼用量大、ΔHb大以及术后使用芬太尼自控镇痛，增加AIS术中患者发生术后恶心呕吐的风险。术中使用右美托咪定以及使用地塞米松复合恩丹司琼是发生术后恶心呕吐的保护因素。     

缺血性心脏病合并消化道出血患者的住院死亡危险因素分析

  目的   探讨缺血性心脏病（ischemic heart disease, IHD）合并消化道出血（gastrointestinal bleeding, GIB）患者发生住院死亡的危险因素。   方法   纳入2015年1月?2018年1月在四川大学华西医院住院治疗的IHD合并GIB的患者,收集其一般资料、基础疾病史、既往抗凝抗血小板药物史、入院时实验室检查及住院治疗措施等资料。以住院期间死亡作为研究终点事件,通过多因素二元logistic回归等统计方法分析该类患者住院期间死亡的独立危险因素,绘制受试者操作特征（receiver operating characteristic, ROC）曲线并计算曲线下面积（area under curve, AUC）。   结果   本研究共纳入符合标准的患者395例,其中342例患者好转出院,53例患者发生住院死亡事件,死因分析中心源性死亡居首位（54.7%）,其次是感染性死亡（24.5%）。logistic回归分析结果显示ST段抬高型心梗（ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction, STEMI）患者的死亡风险是非急性冠脉综合征患者的2.527倍〔比值比（odds ratio, OR）=2.527,95%置信区间（confidence interval, CI）:1.152～8.277,P=0.043〕,而合并慢性肾脏疾病患者的死亡风险是无肾脏疾病患者的2.89倍（OR=2.89,95%CI:1.187～7.037,P=0.019）。入院时较高的白细胞水平（OR=1.123,95%CI:1.057～1.193,P<0.001）和较低的血红蛋白水平（OR=1.014,95%CI:1.003～1.025,P=0.013）与患者住院死亡相关,而住院期间行内镜诊治（OR=0.305,95%CI:0.103～0.881,P=0.029）可降低患者的死亡风险。联合上述指标的ROC曲线,其预测患者发生住院死亡的AUC为0.79。   结论   IHD类型为STEMI、合并慢性肾脏疾病、入院时白细胞高和血红蛋白水平低,是IHD合并GIB的患者住院死亡结局的独立危险因素,而住院期间行内镜诊治是其保护因素。      

中国危重症住院患者急性肾损伤的流行病学分析

目的明确中国危重症住院患者中急性肾损伤（AKI）的流行病学现状,包括AKI的发生率、临床特征、院内预后及相关危 险因素。方法收集全国9家地区性中心医院2013年间所有成人危重症住院患者的住院病历资料及血肌酐检验资料,AKI诊断 及分期采用改善全球肾脏病预后组织（KDIGO）2012年提出的AKI诊断标准。回顾性分析所有纳入患者的人口学特征、临床合 并症、AKI分期、院内预后、危险因素等指标。结果符合入选标准的危重症患者共14305人,其中4298人（30.04%）发生AKI, AKI 1、2、3期患者分别为2240（52.1%）、845（19.7%）及1213（28.2%）。AKI患者死亡716 人,院内死亡率为16.7%,死亡风险优 势比为7.59（95% CI 6.54~8.79, P<0.001）。随着AKI分期升高,患者住院天数延长、日均住院花费增多、死亡率升高（P值均小于 0.001）。多因素Logistic回归分析发现慢性肾脏病（CKD）（OR=5.45, 95% CI: 4.71~6.32, P<0.001）,肾外器官衰竭（OR=12.57, 95% CI: 11.24~14.07, P<0.001）,休克（OR=2.44, 95% CI: 2.01~2.96, P<0.001）,心脏手术（OR=5.96, 95% CI: 5.16~6.87, P< 0.001）等是危重症患者发生AKI的独立危险因素。在血肌酐变化符合KDIGO诊断标准的AKI人群中,仅有5.4%的患者出院有 “AKI”诊断。结论危重症患者中AKI发生率高,预后差。AKI分期与院内预后相关,CKD、肾外器官衰竭、休克、心脏手术是危 重症住院患者AKI主要的危险因素。住院期间多数AKI被漏诊,我们应提高对住院患者尤其是危重症患者AKI的重视。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.