蛋白尿和血清白蛋白水平对血清肿瘤标志物水平的影响

目的了解24h尿蛋白（Upro）水平和血清白蛋白（Salb）水平对慢性肾脏疾病（CKD）患者血清甲胎蛋白（AFP）、癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖蛋白抗原199（CA199）、糖蛋白抗原125（CA125）、糖蛋白抗原724（CA724）、糖蛋白抗原153（CA153）、前列腺特异抗原（PSA）、游离前列腺特异抗原（fPSA）、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、细胞角化素蛋白片段19（CYFRA21-1）和鳞癌抗原（SCC）血清浓度的影响。方法根据Upro将232例CKD患者分为Upro〈1．5g／d组，Upro 1．5～3．5g／d组和Upro〉3．5g／d组，比较各组肿瘤标志物水平；再根据Salb水平将上述患者分为Salb〈25g／L组、Salb25-35g／L组和Salb〉35g／L组；对其中的男性患者亦按上述方法分组，比较各组PSA和fPSA水平。结果CA125、CA153、CYFRA21-1、NSE和SCC水平在不同蛋白尿组间差异存在统计学意义，相关分析显示其血清水平均与Upro呈正相关，而CEA、CA199、AFP、CA724、PSA和fPSA水平在各组间差异无统计学意义；CA199、CA125、CYFRA21-1、NSE和SCC水平在不同Salb组间差异存在统计学意义，且其血清水平均与Salb水平呈负相关，而CEA、AFP、CA153、CA724、PSA和fPSA水平在各组间差异无统计学意义。结论在大量蛋白尿伴或低白蛋白血症的患者中，部分血清肿瘤标志物诊断相应肿瘤的假阳性率增高。     

多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测对原发性肝癌的诊断价值

【目的】探讨12种肿瘤标志物（testingmulti—tumor，TM）联合检测对原发性肝癌的诊断价值。【方法】应用蛋白芯片技术（C-12）定量测定62例原发性肝癌患者、53例良性肝病患者血清中糖类抗原-199（CA199）、神经原特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖类抗原-242（CA242）、铁蛋白（SF）、β-绒毛膜促性腺激素（β-HCG）、甲胎蛋白（AVP）、游离前列腺特异性抗原（Free—PSA）、前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）、糖类抗原125（CA125）、人生长激素（HGH）、糖类抗原-153（CA153）等12种TM的浓度。【结果】通过12种TM联合检测将原发性肝癌组阳性检出率提高到了100％；良性肝病组阳性检出率为22．6％；原发性肝癌组的TM测定值明显高于良性肝病组，有显著性差异，其中AFP最为显著（P〈0．001），其次为CA199、CEA、CA125（P〈0．01）；CA242、SF、β—HCG（P〈0．05）。两组比较无统计学意义为NSE、Free—PSA、PSA、HGH、CA15—3（P〉0．05）。原发性肝癌组TM阳性检出率由高到低依次为：AFP〉CA199〉SF〉CA125〉CEA〉CA242〉β—HCG〉CA153。【结论】应用12种TM联合检测原发性肝癌、良性肝病，可以为临床诊断提供更多的指标，提高辅助诊断的准确性，弥补单一TM特异性不强和敏感性较低的不足，有效地筛选出肿瘤高危人群，对原发性肝癌的早期发现、早期诊断具有重要意义。     

血清肿瘤标志物诊断胆道良恶性病变的价值

目的:探讨血清肿瘤标志物检测在鉴别胆道良恶性病变中的诊断价值。方法:选取我院2015年3月至2018年9月首次诊断为胆道癌病例171例作为实验组,胆囊良性疾病病例65例作为对照组。采用免疫化学发光法检测所有病例血清肿瘤标志物CA211、CA199、CEA、CA125、CA153、CA724、AFP和SCC表达水平,计算单个、联合标志物诊断胆道癌的灵敏度和特异度,计算受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积。结果:胆道癌组血清中CA211、CA199、CEA、CA125、CA153、CA724的水平高于胆囊良性疾病组(P<0. 05)。CA211+CA199联合检测诊断胆道癌的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0. 899,大于CA199+CEA的0. 829(P<0. 01)。结论:CA211、CA199、CEA、CA125、CA153、CA724检测有助于鉴别胆道良恶性病变,CA211+CA199联合检测可提高诊断胆道癌的灵敏度,有助于早期诊断。     

肿瘤标志物联合检测在乳腺癌诊断中的价值

目的 探讨微阵列酶联免疫法( Array-ELISA)检测肿瘤标志物诊断乳腺癌的价值.方法 采用Array-ELISA对146例乳腺癌患者、64例乳腺良性疾病患者及119例健康体检者的血清进行甲胎蛋白(AFP)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、癌抗原125(CA125)、癌抗原153(CA153)、糖链抗原199(CA199)、前列腺特异抗原(PSA)6种肿瘤标志物检测.应用Logistic回归和ROC曲线对各指标进行分析.结果 乳腺癌组CA153、CA125均明显高于乳腺良性疾病组与正常对照组(P＜0.05);其他四种肿瘤标志物(AFP、PSA、CA199、CEA)在3组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).CA153、CA125两项联合检测,其敏感性为81.51％、准确度为86.93％、阴性预测值为86.08％,与单项指标比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜o.05).CA153、CA125两项肿瘤标志物单独检测时,CA153 的AUC为0.874较CA125大;两项联合指标的AUC达0.913,大于各单项肿瘤标志物(P＜0.05).结论 CA153、CA125是乳腺癌的肿瘤相关性标志物,CA153对于乳腺癌的诊断价值更大.2项指标联合检测优于单一的肿瘤标志物,可提高诊断乳腺癌的正确性.Array-ELISA检测多种肿瘤标志物可应用于乳腺癌的诊断.     

C-12肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测对胰腺癌的诊断价值

目的研究C-12肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测在胰腺癌中的诊断价值。方法 应用C-12肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测37例胰腺癌患者血清中12项肿瘤标志物：AFP、CEA、NSE、CA125、CA153、CA242、CA199、PSA、f-PSA、FER、β-HCG及HGH。结果 标志物阳性率由高至低顺序为CA199（48．7％），CA125（43．2％），FER（43．2％），CA242（40．5％），CEA（35．1％），CA153（29．7％），β-HCG（27．0％），AFP（21．6％），NSE（16．2％），PSA（13．5％），f-PSA（8．1％）及HGH（5．4％）。胰腺癌血清肿瘤标志物检测CAl99、NSE、CEA、CA242、CA125五项指标与正常人和良性病变有显著差异（P〈0．05）。五项指标联合检测阳性率为64．9％，明显较单项检测阳性率高。结论 蛋白芯片检测中，CA199、NSE、CEA、CA242、CA125五项指标对胰腺癌的诊断有较高的临床应用价值。     

卵巢肿瘤患者中5种肿瘤标志物检测的临床意义

目的探讨在卵巢肿瘤的诊断中5种肿瘤标志物的检测意义及其价值。方法选取不同性质的卵巢肿瘤患者,对所有研究对象的CA125、CA724、CA199、CEA、AFP水平进行检测。结果与卵巢良性肿瘤比较,5种肿瘤标志物在卵巢癌患者中均具有较高水平（P〈0．05）,良性肿瘤中CA125水平显著高于交界性肿瘤患者（P〈0．05）。将CA724和CA125进行对比分析发现,对于卵巢癌的诊断CA724具有较高的特异性,而CAl25具有较高的灵敏度。CA125在恶性卵巢上皮性肿瘤中,腹水阳性时具有明显较高的水平（P〈0．05）;上皮性黏液性腺癌中CA199水平显著高于浆液性腺癌（尸〈0．05）;在恶性生殖类肿瘤中AFP明显具有较高的水平（P〈0．05）。结论在卵巢肿瘤中,对CA125、CA724、CA199、CEA、AFP等5种肿瘤标志物的检测对疾病的诊断具有非常重要的临床意义。     

不同肿瘤标志物联合检测对原发性肝癌的诊断效能分析

目的:探索不同肿瘤标志物联合检测对原发性肝癌的诊断效能,为临床诊断提供参考依据。方法:收集来我院就诊的临床诊断为原发性肝癌的患者72例作为观察组,诊断为良性肝病的患者65例作为良性肝病组,80例健康体检者作为健康对照组,所有对象采用化学发光法测定肿瘤标志物甲胎蛋白(AFP)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原-199(CA199)、糖类抗原-125(CA125)和糖类抗原-153(CA153)的含量,然后对单组患者的5种肿瘤标志物的检测结果、各指标对各组检测阳性率进行比较,并对不同肿瘤标志物单独检测与联合检测原发性肝癌的诊断价值分析。结果:观察组AFP、CA199和CA153的值高于良性肝病组,AFP、CEA、 CA199、 CA125和CA153的值高于健康对照组,良性肝病组的CA199和CA125的值高于健康对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);AFP、CEA、 CA199和CA153对观察组的检测阳性率高于良性肝病组,AFP、CEA、 CA199和CA125对观察组的检测阳性率高于健康对照组,AFP、CEA、 CA199和CA125对良性肝病组的检测阳性率高于健康对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);各指标联合检测原发性肝癌的灵敏度为86.4%,特异度为89.2%,正确指数为75.6%,误诊率为13.6%,漏诊率为10.8%,且联合检测比各指标单独检测的正确指数都高。结论:血清肿瘤标志物AFP、CEA、 CA199、 CA125和CA153联合检测可提高原发性肝癌诊断的灵敏度和特异度,对原发性肝癌有较好的诊断价值。     

血清肿瘤标志物水平联合检测在乳腺癌诊断中的临床价值分析

目的分析血清肿瘤标志物水平联合检测在乳腺癌诊断中的临床价值。方法选取2018年1月至2019年8月本院治疗的乳腺疾病患者105例,依据B型超声、病理诊断结果分为乳腺良性疾病组(n=51)、乳腺癌组(n=54)。采集入选者空腹静脉血,通过全自动化学发光免疫分析仪测定糖链抗原153(CA153)、糖链抗原125(CA125)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)、糖链抗原199(CA199)水平。观察两组CA153、CA125、CEA、AFP、CA199水平,并计算CA153、CA125、CEA、AFP、CA199单项及联合诊断乳腺癌的敏感度、特异度。结果乳腺癌组CA153、CA125、CEA、AFP、CA199水平均高于乳腺良性疾病组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CA153+CA125+CEA+AFP+CA199诊断乳腺癌的敏感度(94.44%)高于各指标单项诊断(75.93%、48.15%、37.04%、44.44%、68.52%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CA153+CA125+CEA+AFP+CA199联合诊断乳腺癌的特异度与各指标单项诊断比较差异无统计学意义。结论乳腺癌患者血清中CA153、CA125、CEA、AFP、CA199水平升高,且将上述指标联合检测有助于提升诊断效能,为乳腺癌诊治提供确切信息。     

肿瘤标志物在特发性肺纤维化患者的表达及意义

目的探讨多种肿瘤标志物在IPF患者表达的意义。方法检测27例特发性肺纤维化患者和24例正常对照外周血多种肿瘤标志物（AFP、CEA、CA125、CA153、CA199）,同时检测了患者肺功能等临床指标。结果27例IPF患者外周血AFP、CEA、CA125、CA153、CA199均明显高于正常对照组,具有显著性差异（P〈0．05）;经激素治疗后,27例IPF患者外周血CA199、CA125、CA153明显下降（P〈0．05）,IPF患者外周血CA199与FEV1／FVC％呈明显负相关（r=-0．538,P=0．004）;各肿瘤标志物与ESR和CRP无相关（P〉0．05）。结论肿瘤标志物尤其CA199反应了IPF病情的严重度,是预后不良的指标,可能提示肺纤维化进展,但与疾病活动无关。     

蛋白芯片法检测恶性胸腹水肿瘤标志物的临床应用价值

目的探讨多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片技术检测对良、恶性胸腹水的鉴别诊断价值。方法检测100例患者的胸腹水癌胚抗原(CEA)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)、癌抗原125(CA125)、癌抗原153(CA153)、糖链抗原199(CA199)、糖链抗原242(CA242)、前列腺特异性抗原/游离前列腺特异性抗原(PSA/f-PSA)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、人绒毛膜促性腺激素β(β-HCG)、生长激素(HGH)、铁蛋白(FerritinFe)水平,并对检测数据进行统计学分析。结果良恶性组标本的胸腹水NSE、PSA/F-PSA含量比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),而两组另9种肿瘤标志物含量比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。胸腹水多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测系统在鉴别良恶性胸腹水诊断中的敏感性、特异性均高于常规检验。结论检测胸腹水肿瘤标志物有助于良、恶性胸腹水鉴别诊断。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.