三阴性乳腺癌患者化疗诱发中性粒细胞减少症对预后的影响

目的 评估三阴性乳腺癌患者引起化疗诱导粒细胞减少症对预后的影响。方法 回顾性研究笔者医院接受环磷酰胺联合表柔比星4周期序贯多西他赛4周期（EC×4-T×4）方案化疗117例三阴性乳腺癌患者数据。按照中性粒细胞减少症程度分组,无中性粒细胞减少（中性粒细胞计数≥2.0×10⁹/L）为1组、轻度中性粒细胞减少[（1.0~1.9）×10⁹/L]为2组、重度中性粒细胞减少（<0.9×10⁹/L）为3组。结果 各组临床病理特征比较,差异无统计学意义,比较1组与2组总生存时间差异有统计学意义（P=0.000）,1组与3组总生存时间差异有统计学意义（P=0.022）。单因素分析中,病理T分期、N分期、Ki-67、脉管癌栓及中性粒细胞减少症是影响OS的因素（P=0.002、P=0.000、P=0.021、P=0.004、P<0.05）。在多因素分析中,轻度粒细胞减少症死亡风险比为0.581（95% CI：0.546~0.785,P=0.005）,重度粒细胞减少症死亡风险比为0.623（95% CI：0.612~0.798,P=0.005）。结论 中性粒细胞减少症提示患者预后较好,可能是化疗有效性的表现。     

重型新型冠状病毒肺炎早期治疗效果的影响因素分析

目的 探讨影响重型新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）早期治疗效果的相关危险因素。方法 回顾性分析2020年1月至2月在湖北省武汉市汉口医院住院的71例严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）核酸检测阳性的重型COVID-19患者资料。收集患者入院早期生命体征、临床表现、静息状态下脉搏氧饱和度、血常规、肝功能、肾功能、血生物化学、电解质、超敏肌钙蛋白T、凝血功能、脑钠肽前体、肺部CT表现、序贯器官功能衰竭评分（SOFA）,以及治疗方式和早期治疗转归等资料。根据治疗2周后的治疗效果分为临床改善组和临床进展组,比较两组患者各项指标的差异,分析影响早期治疗效果的危险因素。结果 临床缓解组患者43例,经治疗后均转为普通型;临床进展组患者28例,10例死亡,15例进展至危重型,3例治疗后无明显改善。两组患者发病前均存在武汉疫区居住史。临床进展组患者中吸烟者所占比例（75.0%,21/28）高于临床缓解组患者（46.5%,20/43）,差异有统计学意义（P=0.033）。与临床缓解组患者相比,临床进展组患者淋巴细胞计数［0.80（0.70,0.90）×10⁹/L vs 0.70（0.60,0.70）×10⁹/L］、血小板计数［222（174,310）×10⁹/L vs 193（152,232）×10⁹/L］、纤维蛋白原水平［4.22（3.71,4.80）g/L vs 3.81（2.96,4.38）g/L］降低,差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。两组患者常见临床症状、生命体征、静息状态下脉搏氧饱和度、其余实验室检查指标、SOFA评分、治疗方式等差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,吸烟（OR=4.88,95% CI 1.33～25.00,P=0.020）、白细胞计数≤3.5×10⁹/L（OR=10.00,95% CI 1.47～100.00,P=0.008）、淋巴细胞计数<0.1×10⁹/L（OR=16.67,95% CI 3.33～100.00,P<0.001）是影响患者早期治疗效果的危险因素。结论 有吸烟史、白细胞计数≤3.5×10⁹/L及淋巴细胞计数<0.1×10⁹/L的重型COVID-19患者早期治疗效果不佳的风险较高,建议临床上对有上述危险因素的重型COVID-19患者进行重点诊疗,及早采取有效治疗措施进行干预,以改善预后。     

11C-PIB-PET/CT与神经心理量表在轻度认知功能障碍和阿尔茨海默病中的相关性研究

目的： 探索¹¹C-匹兹堡化合物B正电子发射断层扫描成像（[N-methyl-¹¹C]-2-（4-methylaminophenyl）-6-hydroxybenzothiazole,positron emission tomography,¹¹C-PIB-PET/CT）与神经心理量表在轻度认知功能障碍（mild cognitive impairment,MCI）和阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer''s disease,AD）的关系。 方法： 选取吉林大学中日联谊医院神经内科2018年1月至2020年12月符合纳入标准的阿尔茨海默病及轻度认知功能障碍门诊及住院患者27例,收集患者一般资料、神经心理测试量表评分和¹¹C-PIB-PET/CT成像,使用pMOD软件对患者¹¹C-PIB-PET/CT成像进行处理,得到患者各脑区¹¹C-PIB的标准摄取值比（standardized uptake value ratio,SUVR）,组间对比得到显著差异的脑区,对所有患者具有显著差异的脑区SUVR与神经心理测试量表进行统计学分析。 结果： ①AD组SUVR均值高于MCI组SUVR均值,组间差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）。②2组患者SUVR值具有统计学差异（P<0.01）的脑区为：左侧额下回（P=0.009）、左侧额上回（P=0.008）、左侧海马旁回及周围回（P=0.005）、右侧海马旁回及周围回（P=0.002）、左侧梭形回（P=0.002）、右侧梭形回（P=0.003）、左侧中央后回（P=0.003）、右侧楔叶（P=0.008）、左侧壳核（P=0.007）、右侧壳核（P=0.003）、右侧苍白球（P=0.006）、右侧扣带回前部（P=0.004）。③进一步将所有患者差异显著的脑区SUVR值与简易智能测试量表评分（mini-mental state examination,MMSE）及蒙特利尔认知评估（Montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA）行Pearson相关性分析。其中,左侧额上回（r=-0.454,P=0.029）、左侧海马旁回及周围回（r=-0.439,P=0.036）、左侧梭形回（r=-0.421,P=0.045）、左侧中央后回（r=-0.482,P=0.020）SUVR值与MMSE评分呈负相关（P<0.05）。左侧额上回（r=-0.430,P=0.040）、左侧海马旁回及周围回（r=-0.418,P=0.047）、左侧梭形回（r=-0.454,P=0.030）、左侧中央后回（r=-0.477,P=0.021）、左侧壳核（r=-0.422,P=0.045）、右侧壳核（r=-0.419,P=0.047）SUVR值与MoCA评分呈负相关（P<0.05）。 结论： ①AD组患者脑内¹¹C-PIB的SUVR值显著高于MCI组患者。②AD组与MCI组患者多个脑区SUVR值具有显著差异。③额上回（左）、海马旁回及周围回（左）、梭形回（左）、中央后回（左）、壳核（左、右）部位Aβ蛋白沉积水平与认知功能损害相关。研究结果可为AD的早期识别诊断提供一定的影像学证据。     

胸腺五肽对新辅助化疗的乳腺癌患者局部组织中浸润淋巴细胞的影响

目的 探讨胸腺五肽对新辅助化疗的乳腺癌组织微环境中浸润淋巴细胞的影响。方法 自2012年1月~2014年1月,前瞻性收集笔者医院收治的接受新辅助化疗的乳腺癌患者80例,将患者随机分为研究组和对照组,所有患者均行新辅助化疗,研究组在新辅助化疗期间给予胸腺五肽,化疗结束后进行手术切除肿瘤组织,留取乳腺癌组织标本,观察乳腺癌组织中和外周血中CD4⁺T细胞、CD8⁺T细胞、CD4⁺/CD8⁺T细胞比例、外周血中IL-6、IL-10、TGF-β1水平。结果 与对照组比较,研究组患者乳腺癌组织中CD4⁺T细胞显著降低（21.47%±3.29% vs 23.88%±3.43%,P=0.002）;CD8⁺T细胞显著增高（30.36%±4.38% vs 28.43%±4.16%,P=0.047）;CD4⁺/CD8⁺T细胞显著降低（0.71±0.14 vs 0.84±0.18,P=0.001）。两组患者治疗前外周血CD4⁺T细胞、CD4⁺/CD8⁺T细胞、IL-6、IL-10、TGF-β1等比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。与对照组比较,研究组患者术后外周血CD4⁺T细胞水平显著增加（27.67%±4.24% vs 25.09%±3.68%,P=0.005）;CD4⁺/CD8⁺T显著增加（0.83±0.14 vs 0.75±0.18,P=0.029）;IL-6水平显著增高（12.39±2.87 vs 9.24±3.38ng/L,P=0.000）;IL-10水平显著降低（8.49±2.59 vs 12.59±3.65ng/L,P=0.006）;TGF-β1水平显著降低（12.47±3.88 vs 17.76±4.12ng/ml,P=0.000）。两组患者住院时间、切口感染、手术部位出血、复发率和病死率等比较,差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论 胸腺五肽联合新辅助化疗可能有助于改善乳腺癌组织微环境中免疫状态和全身免疫功能。     

血小板计数对老年男性缺血性动脉血栓事件和死亡风险的预测价值

目的 探讨血小板计数在老年男性缺血性动脉血栓性事件及全因性死亡中的预测价值。方法 纳入338例2008年4月～2009年4月在中国人民解放军总医院南楼行健康体检的老年男性（年龄≥65岁）,有血小板计数的患者。随访患者健康查体后,首次因急性缺血性动脉血栓性（心肌梗死、心源性猝死、缺血性脑卒中、不稳定型心绞痛、短暂性脑缺血发作）及全因性死亡住院的事件及时间,所有患者随访截止至2014年12月31日。结果 经过平均77个月的随访,终点事件发生率为26.6%,通过受试者工作特征曲线（receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC）分析发现,血小板计数对终点事件的发生有预测价值（AUG=0.59,95% CI：0.53～0.64,P=0.02）,截断点血小板计数为214×10⁹/L。应用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析血小板计数>214×10⁹/L组的患者,终点事件发生率是≤214×10⁹/L组患者的2.32倍（P=0.000）。经多因素校正后,其终点事件发生率是≤214×10⁹/L组患者的2.19倍（P=0.00）。结论 血小板计数偏高对急性缺血性动脉血栓事件及全因性死亡有一定的预测价值。     

急性阑尾炎病理分型与血小板参数的相关性

目的 探讨血小板参数PLT、PDW、MPV与急性阑尾炎（AA）病情进展程度的相关性。方法 选取2017年1月至2019年7月在蚌埠市第三人民医院接受阑尾切除术的116例AA患者作为研究对象,所有患者术前均行PLT、PDW、MPV检查,术后均将切除的标本送病理检查。根据病理检查结果,将患者分为单纯性阑尾炎组（41例）与复杂性阑尾炎组（75例）,评估PLT、PDW、MPV与AA病情进展的相关性。结果 单纯性阑尾炎组患者PDW为（13.37±3.00）%、MPV为（11.42±1.27）fL、PLT为（220.96±58.79）×10⁹/L,与复杂性阑尾炎组相比,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。PLT和MPV、PDW均呈负相关（r=-0.499,P=0.000;r=-0.464,P=0.000）,MPV和PDW则呈正相关（r=0.933,P=0.000）。结论 PLT、PDW、MPV与AA病理类型及病情严重程度有一定关联,可作为AA临床诊断参考。     

18F-FDG PET-CT与乳腺癌新辅助化疗疗效中的关联性分析

目的 本研究旨在探讨¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT与乳腺癌新辅助化疗疗效的关联性。方法 2014年1月~2015年12月,收集笔者医院收治的行新辅助化疗的乳腺癌患者98例。前瞻性分析¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT与乳腺癌新辅助化疗疗效的关联性。结果 与病理无效组相比,病理有效组患者SUV_max0显著增加（9.54±3.11 vs 6.12±3.21,P=0.015）;SUV_max1变化率显著增加（53%±17% vs 29%±11%,P=0.000）;SUV_max2变化率显著增加（61%±21% vs 34%±12%,P=0.000）。与未pCR组相比,pCR组患者SUV_max0显著增加（10.54±4.11 vs 5.87±2.21,P=0.000）;SUV_max1变化率显著增加（57%±17% vs 28%±10%,P=0.000）;SUV_max2变化率显著增加（64%±23% vs 33%±11%,P=0.000）。结论 ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT可作为评价乳腺癌新辅助化疗效果的一种影像学方式,值得临床进一步推广。     

妊娠期糖尿病患者BMI与同型半胱氨酸、妊娠结局的关联性分析

目的 探讨妊娠期糖尿病患者身体体重指数（body mass index,BMI）与同型半胱氨酸和妊娠结局的关联性。方法 自2015年1月~2016年10月,前瞻性收集妊娠期糖尿病患者120例,根据患者BMI水平,将患者分为肥胖组（BMI≥25kg/m²）和对照组（<25kg/m²）。主要观察指标包括两组患者同型半胱氨酸和妊娠结局。结果 与对照组比较,肥胖组孕妇孕12周时同型半胱氨酸显著增加（11.09±1.91 vs 8.92±1.57μmol/L,P=0.000）;BMI与同型半胱氨酸呈正相关（r=0.410,P=0.000）。与对照组比较,肥胖组剖宫产率显著增加（30.00% vs 15.00%,P=0.049）;巨大儿发生率显著增加（20.00% vs 5.00%,P=0.027）;新生儿体重显著增加（3672.15±475.45 vs 3220.93±461.36g,P=0.000）。两组患者妊娠周数、产后出血、头盆不称、胎位异常、宫缩乏力、胎膜早破和新生儿窒息发生率等比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 妊娠期糖尿病患者BMI与同型半胱氨酸、剖宫产、巨大儿和新生儿体重呈正相关。     

急性冠脉综合征发生与外周血红细胞源微粒致血栓活性的关系研究

目的 通过评估红细胞源微粒（RMPs）和急性冠脉综合征（ACS）发病之间的关联,描述RMPs在急性冠状动脉血栓形成过程中发挥的作用。方法 研究对象分ACS组（n=200）,其分为急性心肌梗死（AMI,n=100）和不稳定型心绞痛组（UAP,n=100）,对照组为非冠心病组（n=100）。获得患者知情同意后,收集ACS组以及对照组的外周血,离心后加入钙离子载体A23187,得到MPs。用特异性红细胞微粒抗体（glycophorine A）标记RMPs,后经流式细胞仪定量分析。在体外,将ACS患者血浆中提取的RMPs加入对照组血浆中,在荧光标记的血栓底物作用下诱导血栓形成并用荧光光度仪检测RMPs的致血栓活性。结果 RMPs水平在ACS的AMI亚组（163×10²）和UAP亚组（96×10²）都明显高于对照组（12×10²,P<0.05）。ACS患者在每一个时间段相对荧光单位较对照组显著提高（P<0.05）。研究结果显示,高浓度的MPs更易导致血栓形成且所需时间较短,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 ACS组的外周血中RMPs水平明显升高,提示RMPs参与了ACS的发生、发展过程。MPs诱导的血栓形成峰值前移,提示RMPs可能诱导凝血酶形成,揭示ACS发生急性血栓与RMPs有关。     

老年缺血性脑卒中患者认知功能障碍与血清同型半胱氨酸的关系

目的 本研究旨在探讨老年缺血性脑卒中伴有认知功能障碍患者的血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）、部分代谢指标的水平及与认知功能的关系。方法 120例确诊的老年缺血性脑卒中患者依据蒙特利尔评估量表（MoCA）、日常生活活动能力（ADL）量表评价结果分为认知功能正常组57例、认知功能障碍组63例,年龄性别相匹配的60例健康对象作为健康组,分别比较3组研究对象的Hcy及部分代谢指标的差异,并分析Hcy及部分代谢指标与认知功能评分的关系。结果 认知功能正常组、认知功能障碍组的Hcy分别为14.15±2.88、23.44±4.09μmol/L,显著高于健康组的10.57±2.16μmol/L（P<0.05）,认知功能正常组、认知功能障碍组的高密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）分别为0.99±0.12、0.95±0.14mmol/L,显著低于健康组的1.24±0.21mmol/L（P<0.05）。3组研究对象的总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）、肌酐（Cr）、空腹血糖值（FBG）、尿素氮（BUN）值差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。认知功能障碍组的MoCA总评分、视空间与执行能力、注意力与计算能力、抽象能力评分与Hcy值呈显著负相关（P<0.05）;MoCA总评分、视空间与执行能力、注意力与计算能力评分与HDL-C值呈显著的正相关（P<0.05）。结论 对于老年脑卒中患者,Hcy、HDL-C水平与患者的认知功能障碍具有一定的相关性,早期监测Hcy、HDL-C具有重要意义。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.