洋川芎内酯A和洋川芎内酯I的降解产物研究

目的 考察影响洋川芎内酯A和洋川芎内酯I稳定性的因素,分离和鉴定其室温自然光照条件下放置2个月后的降解产物,并推测其可能降解途径。方法 半制备HPLC分离制备降解产物,UV、MS和NMR鉴定结构。结果 氧是影响洋川芎内酯A和洋川芎内酯I稳定性的主要因素,室温自然光照2个月后,洋川芎内酯A通过脱氢反应完全转化为丁基苯酞;洋川芎内酯I通过异构化反应部分转化为其同分异构体 (E)-6, 7-反式-双羟基藁本内酯。结论 洋川芎内酯A和洋川芎内酯I要尽量保存在低温、避光和无氧环境中,以保持其稳定性。     

复方血脂宁中4种活性成分的降解动力学研究

[目的]研究复方血脂宁中4种主要活性成分在不同pH和温度条件下的降解动力学规律。[方法]建立高效液相色谱分析方法,考察不同pH(1.2、6.8、8.3)、不同温度(60、70、80、90℃)条件下血脂宁中4种活性成分单体:红镰霉素-6-O-β-D-龙胆二糖苷(红镰霉素)、二苯乙烯苷、荷叶碱、金丝桃苷的稳定性,并利用化学动力学方法计算降解反应动力学参数。[结果]红镰霉素、二苯乙烯苷、荷叶碱和金丝桃苷在不同pH和温度条件下均发生不同程度的降解,且均符合一级动力学规律;温度对降解速率影响较大,温度升高降解速率明显加快。根据Arrhenius方程计算得到,红镰霉素、二苯乙烯苷、荷叶碱和金丝桃苷4种成分单体在水溶液中的降解活化能分别为90.56、74.66、72.66、74.42 k J/mol。[结论]复方血脂宁中4种活性成分在高温条件下均易降解。室温条件下,在不同pH值缓冲液中,荷叶碱和红镰霉素降解较慢,而金丝桃苷、二苯乙烯苷在弱碱性条件下降解较快。     

紫外线-B辐射对当归苯酞类成分含量的影响

目的研究紫外线(UV)-B辐射对当归苯酞类成分含量的影响。方法在大田试验条件下,设置自然光(CK,只用灯罩,不安装灯管)、UV-B辐射T1[7.11 KJ/(m2·d)]、UV-B辐射T2[8.67 KJ/(m2·d)]3个处理,11月初采收当归,采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法检测当归药材中阿魏酸松柏酯、欧当归内酯A、洋川芎内酯A、洋川芎内酯I、洋川芎内酯H、藁本内酯6种苯酞类成分的含量,并进行比较。结果在UV-B辐射T2处理下,当归阿魏酸松柏酯、欧当归内酯A、洋川芎内酯A、洋川芎内酯I、洋川芎内酯H、藁本内酯含量及总含量均大于CK和UV-B辐射T1处理,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 UV-B辐射增强有利于当归中苯酞类成分的积累,提示当归在高海拔UV辐射强度大的条件下,有利于高品质的形成。     

超高效液相色谱法比较鲜川芎和川芎药材中6种成分含量

目的 采用超高效液相色谱法(ultra-high performance liquid chromatography, UPLC)比较鲜川芎和川芎药材中6种活性成分(川芎嗪、阿魏酸、洋川芎内酯I、洋川芎内酯H、洋川芎内酯A、藁本内酯)的含量差异,为该药材的产地加工提供实验依据。方法 采用75%甲醇超声提取,UPLC测定鲜川芎和川芎药材中6种活性成分,根据样品处理条件计算质量分数并进行比较。流动相为乙腈(A)-0.1%甲酸水溶液(B),梯度洗脱,流速为0.2 mL/min,检测波长为294 nm,柱温30 ℃,进样体积2 μL。结果 经检测,阿魏酸、藁本内酯、洋川芎内酯A为鲜川芎和川芎药材的共有成分,鲜川芎中未检测到洋川芎内酯I及洋川芎内酯H。鲜川芎样品中各成分的质量分数为阿魏酸0.003 9%、洋川芎内酯A 0.006 4%、藁本内酯0.54%;川芎药材中各成分的质量分数为阿魏酸0.088%、洋川芎内酯I 0.20%、洋川芎内酯H 0.031%、洋川芎内酯A 0.76%、藁本内酯 1.3%。结论 川芎药材与鲜川芎中化学成分存在差异,推测在川芎的产地加工及贮藏过程中存在成分的转化。     

川芎的化学成分研究

[目的]研究川芎的化学成分.[方法]采用回流提取法提取,硅胶、反相硅胶等手段分离纯化.利用化合物理化性质及波谱分析方法进行结构鉴定.[结果]从川芎中分离得到4个化合物,分别鉴定为棕榈酸(Ⅰ)、洋川芎内酯H(Ⅱ)、洋川芎内酯I(Ⅲ)和阿魏酸(Ⅳ).     

合煎与单煎对四物汤中4种化学成分溶出量的影响

[目的]建立同时测定四物汤水提液中芍药苷、阿魏酸、藁本内酯和洋川芎内酯I 4种化学成分含量测定的方法,并考察合煎与单煎对这4种成分溶出量的影响。[方法]采用反相高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为Cosmosil C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.3%甲酸水溶液梯度洗脱,检测波长为280 nm,流速为1 m L/min,柱温为30℃,分析在合煎、单煎条件下四物汤中4种化学成分溶出量的变化。[结果]芍药苷、阿魏酸、藁本内酯、洋川芎内酯I在19.38~310.00μg/m L(r=0.999 4),1.51~24.16μg/m L(r=0.999 4),1.50~24.00μg/m L(r=0.999 6),2.00~32.00μg/m L(r=0.999 4)线性范围内关系良好;平均加样回收率分别为95.89%(RSD=2.90%),97.08%(RSD=2.28%),96.84%(RSD=2.87%),98.77%(RSD=1.98%)。四物汤合煎液中洋川芎内酯I的溶出量低于当归、川芎药材溶出总量,而阿魏酸和藁本内酯的溶出量均高于当归、川芎药材溶出总量,芍药苷溶出量高于芍药药材溶出量。[结论]合煎与单煎中化学成分的溶出量并不是组方药味的简单叠加,而有其内在的配伍规律。     

血必净注射液对急性胰腺炎小鼠p38MAPK信号通路的影响

[目的]观察血净注射液对雨蛙素诱导的急性胰腺炎(AP)小鼠的影响,并探讨p38蛋白激酶(p38MAPK)在血必净治疗胰腺炎症中的作用。[方法]将健康雄性小鼠C57BL/6J随机分成3组(n=5):正常对照组、雨蛙素诱导AP模型组、血必净注射液治疗组。模型组和治疗组均腹腔注射雨蛙素(50μg/kg,每天5次,间隔1 h,注射3天),治疗组在每天注射第5次雨蛙素30 min后给予尾静脉注射血必净注射液(13 mL/kg)。在腹腔注射雨蛙素最后一次造模完成后24 h,摘眼球取血至动物死亡。苏木精-伊红染色(HE)观察胰腺组织病理学变化;检测血清淀粉酶;酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测胰腺组织中单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)蛋白含量表达;Western blot检测MAPK信号通路中c-Jun氨基末端激酶(JNK),胞外信号调节激酶(ERK1/2)和p38相关蛋白的表达。[结果]雨蛙素诱导的AP模型组在注射第3天第5次雨蛙素造模结束24 h后,血清淀粉酶明显升高,胰腺组织中MCP-1含量显著增加,与对照组相比有统计学差异(P0.05);血必净治疗组血清淀粉酶、胰腺组织中MCP-1均较AP模型组明显降低,与模型组相比有具有统计学差异(P0.05)。AP模型组在造模结束24 h后胰腺组织可见明显病理损伤,而血必净组治疗组病理损伤较轻。在正常对照组、AP模型组、血必净治疗组中胰腺组织MAPK信号通路中JNK,ERK1/2以及pJNK,p-ERK1/2蛋白表达均未有明显差异(P0.05);与正常对照组相比AP模型组p38MAPK蛋白的表达明显上调,血必净治疗组与AP模型组相比p38MAPK蛋白的表达明显下调(P0.05)。[结论]血必净注射液可能通过抑制AP小鼠胰腺组织中p38MAPK炎症信号通路的激活,从而达到AP的保护作用。     

基于化学动力学的异绿原酸A在水溶液中的降解规律研究

[目的]研究异绿原酸A在水溶液中,于不同pH值、温度、光照、初始药物浓度等条件下的降解动力学特征。[方法]采用超高液相色谱(UPLC)法考察不同环境下异绿原酸A含量随时间的变化情况,以化学反应动力学方法计算不同条件下的降解半衰期(t1/2)等反应动力学参数,利用Arrhenius方程计算降解反应的活化能。[结果]异绿原酸A在多种条件下的降解均符合一级动力学模型,降解速率呈现pH和温度依赖性;金属离子Fe~(3+)、Fe~(2+)的引入以及紫外光均会使异绿原酸A的降解反应速率加快,而初始药物浓度及氧化的变化对其降解速率影响不明显。在25℃,中性条件下异绿原酸A的降解活化能为96.71 kJ/mol,t_1/2为1 381.9 h。[结论]异绿原酸A在酸性,低温环境中较为稳定,高温、强碱、活波金属离子及紫外光均可加速其降解。异绿原酸A在中药材及中成药中广泛存在,此类药物在生产、储存和使用过程中应避免含铁容器,应选择在低温、避光环境下保存。     

改性凹凸棒基复合肥对当归产量及主要有效成分含量的影响

目的 研究改性凹凸棒基复合肥对当归产量及主要有效成分含量的影响.方法 在大田试验条件下,采用完全随机设计,设置3组进行试验,分别为T1组(施30％改性凹凸棒基复合肥)、T2组(施磷酸二铵)和CK组(不施肥),测定收获期当归产量及根中主要有效成分阿魏酸、洋川芎内酯Ⅰ、洋川芎内酯H、阿魏酸松柏酯、洋川芎内酯A、正丁基苯酞、...     

女贞子中5种环烯醚萜苷类成分的降解动力学研究

[目的]研究女贞子中5种环烯醚萜苷类成分在不同温度、酸碱性、光照强度以及金属离子等条件下的降解动力学特征.[方法]采用超高液相色谱(UPLC)考察不同环境下5种成分含量随时间的变化情况,以化学反应动力学方法获得一系列反应动力学参数,总结其降解规律.[结果]5种成分在多种条件下均发生不同程度的降解,且均符合一级动力学模型...     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.