男性冠状动脉慢血流和红细胞压积的相关性研究

目的 探讨男性冠状动脉慢血流（SCF）与红细胞压积的相关性。 方法 以北京安贞医院心内科2011年8月至2012年8月经造影证实冠状动脉狭窄〈40%的205例男性患者为研究对象,其中101例红细胞压积〉42.9%者作为研究组,104例红细胞压积≤42.9%作为对照组,比较两组临床变量。 结果 研究组年龄低于对照组,而白细胞计数、血小板平均体积、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、前降支动脉TIMI帧数、右冠状动脉TIMI帧数及前降支动脉SCF比例均高于对照组（P〈0.05）。相关分析结果提示,前降支动脉TIMI帧数（r=0.238,P=0.001）、前降支动脉SCF比例（r=0.206,P=0.003）和右冠状动脉TIMI帧数（r=0.209,P=0.003）与红细胞压积正相关。Logistic回归分析校正年龄等因素后提示,前降支动脉TIMI帧数［OR=1.031,95%CI（1.006,1.056）,P=0.014］、前降支动脉SCF的比例［OR=1.919,95%CI（1.038,3.547）,P=0.038］与红细胞压积独立相关。 结论 男性前降支动脉SCF与红细胞压积独立相关,高水平红细胞压积可能促进了SCF的发生发展。     

冠状动脉慢血流现象的冠状动脉血流成像分析

Objective To non-invasive assess coronary blood flow velocity changes of patients with slow coronary flow phenomenon (SCFP) by coronary blood flow imaging (CFI).Methods Twenty-one patients who had no significant coronary artery stenosis but had thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) slow-flow phenomenon were the experimental group,nine patients who has no significant coronary stenosis and TIMI flow normal were the control group.Using corrected TIMI frame count(CTFC) assess velocity of coronary artery.The left ventricular end diastolic diameter,end systolic diameter,ejection fraction,E peak velocity,A peak velocity,E/A ratio were measured by conventional echocardiography.The distal anterior descending coronary artery diastolic peak flow velocity(Vmax),mean velocity(Vmean) and blood flow velocity time integral(VTI) were measured by CFI.Results The corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC) of left anterior descending artery blood flow in slow blood group was (45.37 ± 8.62)frame,that in control group was (15.94± 4.66)frame,the difference was statistically significant (t = -9.596,P =0.000).The conventional echocardiographic measurements of two groups were not significantly different.The left anterior descending artery Vmax was (22.86 ± 3.04)cm/s,Vmean was (17.62 ± 2.89)cm/s,VTIwas (8.49± 2.01)cm in the slow blood flow group,the left anterior descending artery Vmax was (31.78 ± 9.28) cm/s,Vmean was (23.67 ± 7.60) cm/s,VTI was (10.91 ± 4.47) cm in the control group.The difference was statistically significant.The left anterior descending artery CTFC with Vmax and Vmean was negative correlation in the control group and the slow blood flow group.The left anterior descending artery CTFC was negatively correlated with VTI in the control group,there was no correlation between left anterior descending artery CTFC and VTI in the slow blood flow group.Conclusions Coronary artery flow velocity in the left anterior descending artery was declined.CFI can reflect changes in coronary TIMI flow,but in the diagnosis of coronary slow flow phenomenon CFI has limitations.     

冠状动脉慢血流现象的冠状动脉血流成像分析

目的 应用冠状动脉血流成像(CFI)无创性评估冠状动脉慢血流现象患者的冠状动脉血流速度变化.方法 冠状动脉无明显狭窄且心肌梗死溶栓试验(TIMI)提示慢血流现象患者21例,冠状动脉造影无明显狭窄且TIMI血流正常者9例作为对照组.采用校正的TIMI血流计帧法(CTFC)评价冠状动脉血流速度.常规超声心动图测量左室舒张末期内径、收缩末期内径、左室射血分数、E峰、A峰、E/A值.CFI测量冠状动脉前降支远端舒张期峰值血流速度(Vmax)、舒张期平均流速(Vmean)和血流速度时间积分(VTI).结果 慢血流组前降支CTFC为(45.37±8.62)帧,对照组为(15.94±4.66)帧,二者差异有统计学意义(t=-9.596,P=0.000).慢血流组与对照组常规超声心动图测值差异均无统计学意义.慢血流组前降支Vmax为(22.86±3.04)cm/s,Vmean为(17.62±2.89)cm/s,VTI为(8.49±2.01)cm;对照组前降支Vmax为(31.78±9.28)cm/s,Vmean为(23.67±7.60)cm/s,VTI为(10.91±4.47)cm,两组差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).对照组及慢血流组前降支CTFC与Vmax和Vmean呈负相关,对照组前降支CTFC与VTI呈负相关,慢血流组前降支CTFC与VTI无相关性.结论 冠状动脉慢血流现象患者冠状动脉前降支远端血流速度减慢,CFI能够反映冠状动脉造影TIMI血流的变化,但诊断冠状动脉慢血流现象有局限.

Abstract：

Objective To non-invasive assess coronary blood flow velocity changes of patients with slow coronary flow phenomenon (SCFP) by coronary blood flow imaging (CFI).Methods Twenty-one patients who had no significant coronary artery stenosis but had thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) slow-flow phenomenon were the experimental group,nine patients who has no significant coronary stenosis and TIMI flow normal were the control group.Using corrected TIMI frame count(CTFC) assess velocity of coronary artery.The left ventricular end diastolic diameter,end systolic diameter,ejection fraction,E peak velocity,A peak velocity,E/A ratio were measured by conventional echocardiography.The distal anterior descending coronary artery diastolic peak flow velocity(Vmax),mean velocity(Vmean) and blood flow velocity time integral(VTI) were measured by CFI.Results The corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC) of left anterior descending artery blood flow in slow blood group was (45.37 ± 8.62)frame,that in control group was (15.94± 4.66)frame,the difference was statistically significant (t = -9.596,P =0.000).The conventional echocardiographic measurements of two groups were not significantly different.The left anterior descending artery Vmax was (22.86 ± 3.04)cm/s,Vmean was (17.62 ± 2.89)cm/s,VTIwas (8.49± 2.01)cm in the slow blood flow group,the left anterior descending artery Vmax was (31.78 ± 9.28) cm/s,Vmean was (23.67 ± 7.60) cm/s,VTI was (10.91 ± 4.47) cm in the control group.The difference was statistically significant.The left anterior descending artery CTFC with Vmax and Vmean was negative correlation in the control group and the slow blood flow group.The left anterior descending artery CTFC was negatively correlated with VTI in the control group,there was no correlation between left anterior descending artery CTFC and VTI in the slow blood flow group.Conclusions Coronary artery flow velocity in the left anterior descending artery was declined.CFI can reflect changes in coronary TIMI flow,but in the diagnosis of coronary slow flow phenomenon CFI has limitations.     

血液细胞成分与女性冠状动脉慢血流的关系

目的 探讨血液细胞成分与女性冠状动脉慢血流(slow coronary flow,SCF)的关系.方法 经冠状动脉造影证实冠状动脉狭窄＜40％的女性患者169例,根据校正的TIMI血流计帧法分为SCF组95例,对照组74例,比较2组临床血液细胞成分变化.结果 2组年龄、高血压病、2型糖尿病及吸烟史比例比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);SCF组前降支动脉、回旋支动脉和右冠状动脉校正的TIMI血流帧数(28.2(23.5,32.9)、34.0(26.0,42.0)、28.0(22.0,34.0))高于对照组(17.6(13.2,20.0)、20.0(16.0,24.0)、18.0(16.0,22.0)帧)(P＜0.01),而白细胞计数((5.95(5.21,7.01))×109/L)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(1.70(1.35,2.28))、红细胞分布宽度(42.2(40.4,43.8)fL)、血小板平均体积(10.5(9.9,11.1)fL)与对照组((6.09(5.54,7.03))×109/L、2.06(1.45,2.59)、41.6(40.0,43.6)fL、10.5(10.0,11.0)fL)比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);SCF组红细胞压积(38.90％(36.70％,41.70％))高于对照组(38.00％(35.60％,40.00％))(P＜0.05).结论 红细胞压积是女性冠状动脉SCF的影响因素,高水平红细胞压积可能参与了SCF的病理生理过程.     

冠状动脉血流缓慢患者13例临床特点分析

冠状动脉血流缓慢现象(slow coronary flow,SCF)由Tambe于1972年首次提出,它是指因胸痛等心肌缺血症状行诊断性冠脉造影(coronary angiography,CAG)的患者,心外膜冠状动脉无器质性病变,而远端血流灌注延迟的现象。目前CAG仍是诊断SCF的     

院前肝素化联合一包药与急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者血管再通的相关性

目的 探讨院前肝素化联合一包药(阿司匹林300 mg,氯吡格雷300 mg,阿托伐他汀40 mg)与直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(primary percutaneous coronary intervention, PPCI)对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, STEMI)患者的血管再通价值。方法 选取2021年6月至2022年8月就诊于我院行PPCI的急性STEMI患者77例为研究对象，按照院前、院内肝素化联合一包药分为观察组(n=21)和对照组(n=56),其中观察组经胸痛中心联络微信群确诊为STEMI后立即静脉注射普通肝素5 000 U联合一包药；对照组是患者自行来院到我院急诊科确诊为STEMI后，院内给予普通肝素5 000 U联合一包药，立刻一键启动导管室行PPCI。对比分析两组的基线特征、即刻冠状动脉造影、血清学指标、术后主要心血管不良事件的发生情况、心肌梗死溶栓试验(the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction, TIMI)复流情况。结果 两组性别、年龄、高血...     

冠状动脉慢血流患者外周血内皮祖细胞数量的变化

目的:观察冠状动脉慢血流患者外周血内皮祖细胞(EPCs)数量的变化.方法:选择26例冠状动脉造影证实为慢血流的患者为CSF组,冠脉造影血流正常的患者20例为NCF组.以校正TIMI帧数＞27诊断为冠状动脉慢血流.分别抽取外周血进行EPCs的分离培养,于第10天对EPCs进行鉴定,并于倒置像差显微镜下计数EPCs克隆形成单位,评估两组患者外周血EPCs水平的差异.结果:(1)两组在年龄、性别、吸烟史、高血压、糖尿病、冠心病家族史、血脂方面均无明显统计学差异(P＞0.05);(2)CSF组外周血EPCs水平较NCF组明显下降(11.2±2.9 vs.17.1±2.4),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论:冠状动脉慢血流患者外周血EPCs数量减少.     

急性心肌梗死Ⅰ期康复治疗方案对心肌再灌注的影响

目的：探讨急性心肌梗死Ⅰ期康复治疗方案对心肌再灌注的影响，研究改善心肌再灌注的方法。方法：将来自中国医科大学第一医院心内科的120例ST段抬高的无合并症急性心肌梗死患者分为观察组60例(Ⅰ期康复治疗方案组)和对照组60例(传统4周康复治疗方案组)。在急性心肌梗死发病一至两周内行冠状动脉造影(coronary angiography，CAG)检查，收集患者校正心肌梗死溶栓治疗临床试验(thrombolysis in myocardial infaretion，TIMI)帧数记数(the corrected TIMI frame count,CTFC)。结果：观察组CTFC低于对照组[(26．1&;#177;5．3)和(30．8&;#177;4．4)帧]，差异有显著性意义(t=5．381，P=0．027)。结论：急性心肌梗死Ⅰ期康复治疗方案能有效改善心肌水平再灌注。     

急性心肌梗死首次经皮冠状动脉介入后亚理想的冠状动脉血流:发生率、简单的危险评分及预后

Uyarel H,Ayhan E,Cicek G,et al.Suboptimal coronary blood flow after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction:incidence,a simple risk score,and prognosis[J].Coron Artery Dis,2012Mar;23(2):98-104.回顾性研究2 056例连续就诊的经过首次经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)的ST段抬高心肌梗死(STEMI)患者,男1 738例,女     

介入治疗对急性心肌梗死心肌灌注呈色影响的研究进展

目前,经皮冠状动脉介入(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)治疗已成为急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)最主要的血管开通手段.然而梗死相关动脉开通后心肌灌注程度才是心肌存活的最主要因素,因此准确评价心肌灌注状况对患者预后有重要意义.当前,临床用于评价心肌灌注状况的方法较多,例如TIMI血流分级法、心肌灌注呈色(myocardial blush grade,MBG)分级法、正电子放射断层扫描(PET)、心肌声学造影(MCE)和99mTc-MIBI心肌灌注断层显像(SPECT)等方法.其中MBG分级法具有客观、简单、经济、重复性好等特性,已广泛用于临床,尤其随着介入技术的发展如支架置入技术、血栓抽吸技术及冠状动脉内注入血小板GP IIb/IIIa受体拮抗剂等,这些技术都提高了心肌灌注MBG程度,现就近几年来这方面的研究进展做一综述.     

Impaired cerebral circulation in patients with slow coronary flow

Slow coronary flow (SCF) is characterized by delayed opacification of coronary arteries during coronary angiography and is associated with myocardial perfusion abnormalities, ischemia or myocardial infarction. We hypothesized that SCF could be a part of systemic circulatory abnormalities. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate whether cerebral blood flow velocity is altered in patients with SCF. The study included 16 patients suffering from chest pain with angiographically proven SCF and 16 subjects suffering from atypical chest pain with angiographically normal coronary flow. All study subjects were selected among those who undergone routine cardiac catheterization. SCF was defined based on thrombolysis in myocardial infarction frame count that reflects coronary artery flow. Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction frame count was significantly higher in patients with SCF than those with normal coronary flow. The average peak systolic, end diastolic and mean flow velocities of the middle cerebral artery were measured and recorded in both groups by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. Baseline demographic properties were similar in both groups. Echocardiographic parameters were also similar in patients with SCF and those with normal coronary flow. In contrast, both right and left middle cerebral artery peak systolic, end diastolic and mean flow velocities were significantly lower in patients with SCF than those with normal coronary flow. We conclude that cerebral blood flow velocity is significantly lower in patients with SCF. SCF phenomenon may reflect a part of impaired systemic circulation.     

直接介入治疗中影响血栓抽吸效果的因素分析

目的 分析能够改善前向血流,进行有效血栓抽吸的影响因素.方法 采用单中心回顾性研究,入选2008年1月至2008年12月期间因急性心肌梗死在北京安贞医院住院行直接介入治疗术并于术中应用了血栓抽吸导管的患者共226例,将抽吸后TIMI血流改善＞1者178例为有效组,而无明显改善者48例患者作为对照组,将两组ST段回落率、直接支架率;发生无复流/慢血流比率;冠脉内应用替罗非班率;术后冠状动脉TIMI 3级血流率进行比较,并对影响抽吸有效性的因素进行logistic分析.结果 有效组吸烟史、糖尿病史、术前TIMI 0级血流比例、PCI术后无复流/慢血流、冠脉内应用替罗非班比例均显著低于对照组,而术后TIMI 3级血流比例、直接支架置入率则显著高于对照组,两组之间差异具有统计学意义.多因素分析结果显示吸烟史(OR=1.551,95%CI:1.018～2.154,P=0.012)、糖尿病史(OR=1. 132,95%CI:0.276～3.562,P=0.044)、术前TIMI0级血流(OR=0.544,95%CI:0.368～1.911,P=0.035)是血栓抽吸有效的独立影响因素.结论 直接PCI中有效的血栓抽吸能够显著提高术后TIMI 3级血流率,重视影响抽吸有效性的因素,尽早控制,改善预后.     

冠状动脉慢血流现象与血液生化指标的相关性分析

目的:探讨冠状动脉慢血流现象(coronary slow flow phenomenon,CSFP)与血尿酸(UA)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、红细胞压积(Hct)及红细胞分布宽度(RDW)的相关性。方法:对因胸闷、胸痛症状行冠状动脉造影术(coronary angiography,CAG)住院患者的病例资料进行回顾性分析,选择其中CAG显示心外膜冠状动脉无明显狭窄但存在CSFP的121例患者作为CSFP组(SCF组),另将CAG证实心外膜冠状动脉完全正常且血流正常的606例患者设为正常血流组(NCF组)。比较两组患者UA、Hcy、Hct及RDW的差异,并分析CSFP与上述指标、UA与其他生化指标间的相关性。结果:SCF组UA、Hcy、Hct水平均较NCF组升高(P0.001);两组RDW水平差异无统计学意义。条件Logistic回归分析发现,UA、Hcy、Hct均为CSFP的危险因素;Spearman相关及偏相关性分析示UA与Hcy正相关(P0.001)。结论:UA、Hcy、Hct是CSFP发生的危险因素,UA与Hcy可能协同促进CSFP的发生发展。     

Clinical and procedural predictors of no-reflow in patients with acute myocardial infarction after primary percutaneous coronary intervention

BACKGROUND:

The treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is thought to restore antegrade blood flow in the infarct-related artery (IRA) and minimize ischemic damage to the myocardium as soon as possible. The present study aimed to identify possible clinical predictors for no-reflow in patients with AMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

METHODS:

A total of 312 consecutive patients with AMI who had been treated from January 2008 to December 2010 at the Cardiology Department of East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine were enrolled in this study. Inclusion criteria were: (i) patients underwent successfully primary PCI within 12 hours after the appearance of symptoms; or (ii) patients with ischemic chest pain for more than 12 hours after a successful primary PCI within 24 hours after appearance of symptoms. Exculsion criteria were: (i) coronary artery spasm; (ii) diameter stenosis of the culprit lesion was <50% and coronary blood flow was normal; (iii) patients with severe left main coronary or multivessel disease, who had to require emergency revascularization. According to thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI), the patients were divided into a reflow group and a no-reflow group. The clinical data, angiography findings and surgical data were compared between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to determine the predictors for no-reflow.

RESULTS:

Fifty-four (17.3%) of the patients developed NR phenomenon after primary PCI. Univariate analysis showed that age, time from onset to reperfusion, systolic blood pressure (SBP) on admission, Killip class of myocardial infarction, intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) use before primary PCI, TIMI flow grade before primary PCI, type of occlusion, thrombus burden on baseline angiography, target lesion length, reference luminal diameter and method of reperfusion were correlated with no-reflow (P<0.05 for all). Multiple logistic regression analysis identified that age >65 years [OR=1.470, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.460–1.490, P=0.007], long time from onset to reperfusion >6 hours (OR=1.270, 95%CI 1.160–1.400, P=0.001), low SBP on admission <100 mmHg (OR=1.910, 95%CI 1.018–3.896, P=0.004), IABP use before PCI (OR= 1.949, 95%CI 1.168–3.253, P=0.011), low (≤1) TIMI flow grade before primary PCI (OR=1.100, 95%CI 1.080–1.250, P<0.001), high thrombus burden (OR=1.600, 95%CI 1.470–2.760, P=0.030), and long target lesion (OR=1.948, 95%CI 1.908–1.990, P=0.019) on angiography were independent predictors of no-reflow.

CONCLUSION:

The occurrence of no-reflow after primary PCI for acute myocardial infarction can predict clinical, angiographic and procedural features.KEY WORDS: Acute myocardial infarction, No-reflow phenomenon, Percutaneous coronary intervention, Thrombus     

急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死尿激酶原选择性冠状动脉内溶栓联合介入治疗与直接冠状动脉内介入治疗的对比研究

目的 探讨急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）选择性冠状动脉内溶栓联合介入治疗与直接冠状动脉内介入治疗的疗效。方法 2018年10月 2019年10月就诊于巩义市人民医院STEMI患者61例,采用随机单盲方法分为对照组（直接PCI）、治疗组（溶栓+PCI）,纳入对照组31例,治疗组30例。观察两组冠状动脉血管TIMI血流分级、N末端B型利钠肽原（NT ProBNP）水平、左心室射血分数（LVEF）值和住院期间病死率、再梗死率、出血事件发生率。结果 治疗后,治疗组TIMI血流分级提高优于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 冠状动脉内溶栓后介入治疗对比直接冠状动脉内介入治疗,更能改善患者心肌灌注水平,减少无复流的发生率,且同样能改善心功能和未增加住院期间出血事件的发生率。     

应用低分子肝素对梗死相关血管开通率及维持的影响

目的 评价溶栓前后应用低分子肝素（法安明）对梗死相关血管开通率及维持的影响。方法 将符合溶栓标准的８３例患者分成法安明组（４２例）和对照组（４１例），法安明组溶栓前给予法安明静注，并在溶栓后１２ｈ皮下注射，５０００Ｕ，每天２次，应用２周。对照组溶栓后１２ｈ皮下给予肝素钙７５００Ｕ，每天２次，应用２周。观察两组９０ｍｉｎ造影ＴＩＭＩ３级血流情况及住院期间心脏事件及出血发生率。结果 ９０ｍｉｎ造影梗死     

The Effect of Slow Coronary Flow on Right and Left Ventricular Performance

Objective

To evaluate left and right ventricular functions using tissue Doppler echocardiography (TDE) and myocardial performance index (MPI) methods in patients with slow coronary flow (SCF) and to determine the relationship between these parameters and thrombolysis in myocardial infarction frame count in SCF patients.

Subjects and Methods

Thirty-five patients (20 males and 15 females) with SCF who underwent coronary angiography and 35 age- and sex-matched controls (14 males and 21 females) without SCF who underwent elective coronary angiography were enrolled in the study. Left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) functions were examined using conventional echocardiography and TDE.

Results

LV systolic myocardial velocity (Sm), early myocardial velocity (Em), late myocardial velocity (Am), and Em/Am ratio were similar in both the SCF and control groups; however, isovolumetric relaxation time (IRT) was higher in the SCF group compared to the control group (IRT: 99 ± 17 vs. 88 ± 20; p = 0.01). In patients with SCF, LV MPI was higher than in the control group, but this was not statistically significant (0.61 ± 0.11 vs. 0.56 ± 0.12; p = 0.07). The RV tricuspid annular velocities and MPI were similar in the SCF and control groups.

Conclusion

This study showed that SCF affected LV functions echocardiographically and could cause partially reduced LV performance. In addition, SCF did not affect RV functions echocardiographically.Key Words: Right ventricular function, Left ventricular function, Myocardial performance index, Slow coronary flow, Tissue Doppler echocardiography, Coronary artery disease     

围术期强化瑞舒伐他汀钙治疗对急性心肌梗死直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗中冠状动脉血流的影响

目的评估围手术期强化瑞舒伐他汀钙治疗对急性心肌梗死直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PPCI)靶血管开通后即刻冠脉血流的影响。方法收集2018年6月至2019年6月诊断为急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)接受直接PCI治疗的患者122例,根据术前是否强化瑞舒伐他汀治疗分为研究组62例和对照组60例。研究组术前30 min内开始服用瑞舒伐他汀钙20 mg,连续服用7天,20 mg/d,后以10 mg/d长期维持;对照组术前不服用任何他汀类药物,PCI后开始服用瑞舒伐他汀钙10 mg/d,长期维持。观察PPCI靶血管开通后TIMI血流、校正TIMI帧数(Corrected TIMI frame count,CTFC)、住院期间心肌酶学、心电图以及出院后30天超声心动图情况。结果靶血管开通后,研究组CTFC及CTFC大于100帧者(相当于TIMI 0级)均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组肌钙蛋白I、肌酸激酶同工酶、B型利钠肽水平均低于治疗前,梗死相关导联ST段抬高总和明显降低,且研究组低于对照组(均P<0.05);两组超声心动图中左室射血分数、左室舒张末期容积比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论围术期瑞舒伐他汀钙治疗对急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗可有效的改善冠脉即刻血流,增加心肌组织灌注,具有较好的安全性。