右位心、肝脾反位1例

患儿 ,女 ,3岁 5个月 ,因入幼儿园于 1999年 8月 18日来我所进行入园健康检查 ,体检发现其心尖搏动位于胸骨右缘第四肋间锁骨中线内侧 ,心率 10 0次 ｍｉｎ ,律齐、未闻及杂音。肝上界于左锁骨中线第五肋间 ,肝肋下触及 ,剑突下 0 .5ｃｍ ,右肋下脾脏未触及 ,Ｘ光胸片示 :右位心 ;Ｂ型超声波示 :肝脾反位。讨论该例右位心、肝脾反位 ,其生长发育 ,体重身高按联合国世界卫生组织 0～ 6岁儿童生长发育评价 ,均在正常范围之内。有资料显示 :目前全世界右位心的人占十万分之一 ,而象该例这样既是右位心 ,又为肝脾反位的人实为罕见右位心、肝脾…     

腹部巨大囊性淋巴管瘤1例报告

<正> 患者,女,62岁。1978年发现腹部逐渐增大,呈妊娠八个月腹型,1979年7月来我院就诊。当时用国产A型超声行腹部探查,为巨大囊性肿物,体表投影面积为40×27×11cm,其间呈纯液平段1—2—9cm,伴有高单波隔房反射,肿物边界左上缘至左锁骨中线第6肋间,右上缘到右锁骨中线肋弓下,下缘达联骨联合上缘。     

寰椎椎弓的解剖学测量及其临床意义

目的 :为临床行椎弓切除减压术提供解剖学依据。方法 :对 10 3例寰椎前、后弓进行了解剖学观测。结果 :前结节与横突孔间距 :左 :2 4 .83± 3.4 6 0mm ,右 :2 5 .4 2± 3.346mm ;后弓 :外侧半距 :左 :19.6 0± 3.5 81mm ,右 19.35± 3.135mm ;内侧半距 :左 :11.5 7± 2 .997mm ,右 11.4 2±2 .6 34mm。结论 :前路手术显露前弓范围在 2 1～ 2 8mm内 ,但不能切除前弓。后路手术显露后弓范围在 15～ 2 3mm内 ,切除后弓范围在 10～ 11mm内。     

肝尾状叶切除术大量气栓致心跳骤停成功救治一例报告

1　临床资料　患者男性 ,33岁 ,无明显诱因出现上腹持续性隐胀痛 1周 ,于 2 0 0 1年 12月 2 2日入院。查体 :肝右锁骨中线肋下 4 cm,剑突下 5 cm,质中 ,表面光滑 ,无结节 ,无压痛 ,上界位于锁骨中线第五肋间 ,肝区无叩痛 ;脾肋下未及。B超示肝尾状叶占位 (131mm× 12 6 mm× 117m m)。 CT示肝明显增大 ,尾状叶处有不均质的低密度影 ,边界软清 ,大小为12 0 m m× 130 mm,呈类圆形 ,并有假包膜形成 ,上腔静脉受压向外侧推移 ,部分胰腺受压 ,且与肿瘤边界不清晰 ,增强后见肿瘤早期不均匀强化 ,中央坏死区未见强化 ;脾轻度增大 ,后腹膜内未见…     

新生儿肝的形态学观察

观测30例(男18、女12)新生儿肝的形态和位置;肝的形状(前面观)分八型;Ⅰ～Ⅳ型占70.00±8.37％。肝裸区的形状分三型;Ⅰ型占56.67±9.05％。肝左右径为100.80±8.07mm,前后径为42.87±4.48mm,上下径为63.40±7.49mm,重为130.68±3.700g。新生儿肝相对地比成人大。肝右叶均大于肝左叶。肝大部分位于右季肋区、腹上区及右腰区,小部分达脐区、左季肋区及左腰区。详细地观测了肝的体表投影;新生儿肝的上下界均比成人低。     

原发性肝癌伴皮下转移一例

患者男,57岁。发现右侧背部进行性肿大的包块3个月,伴有疼痛及明显消瘦(3个月体重减轻10kg)。体检:颈部及前胸可见蜘蛛痣数枚,右上腹略膨隆,腹壁静脉怒张,肝上界右锁骨中线第四肋间,肝肋缘下5cm,剑突下3 cm,边缘钝,质坚硬,表面结节感,肝区明显触痛。脾上界腋中线第8肋间,肋缘下3cm,中等硬度,边缘整齐,腹水征阴性。右背部肩胛线11肋处可见7cm×5cm×3cm     

肝脏炎性假瘤1例

病人,女,53岁,因右上腹痛1月余,加重伴发热1周,于1991年4月14日入院.查体:T38.8℃,Bp13/8kPa.慢性病容,精神不振,全身情况欠佳,皮肤及巩膜无黄染,上腹部稍隆起未见腹壁静脉曲张,肝脏剑突下8cm,肋下3cm并触及一6cm×6cm的肿物,质较硬,不光滑,压痛,肝区叩痛,肝上界位于右锁骨中线第五肋间,脾     

镜像右位心合并左前分支阻滞1例

1病例介绍 患者女,73岁,主因急性上呼吸道感染入院,既往有心绞痛病史1年.查体:血压120/80 mm Hg(1mm Hg=0.133kPa),神志清楚,咽部发红,扁桃体无肿大,肺肝浊音界位于左侧锁骨中线第V肋间,双肺未闻及干湿罗音.心尖搏动最强点在右侧第V肋间锁骨中线内侧,心率88次/min,律齐,未闻及杂音,腹平软,左侧肋弓处叩诊实音,右侧肋弓处叩诊鼓音.     

Ebstein氏畸形一例报告

<正> 患者男,30岁。七年来腹胀、胸闷、呼吸困难,活动后更明显.当地医院发现肝大以“肝炎”治疗无效而入我院.体检:口唇微绀,巩膜无黄染,颈静脉怒张.两肺呼吸音清,心脏理学检查未发现增大,心率92,偶闻期前收缩,心音弱,各瓣膜区未闻及杂音。肺肝界:右锁骨中线第三肋间,肝下界肋弓下4cm,剑突下6—7cm,有触痛.腹平软,腹水征(-)。常规化验均正常。心电:异位心率,心房扑动2—3∶1,不正常心电图、完全右束枝传导阻滞。X线胸透:右房增大。胸正位片:心胸比例增大,心右缘右房段显著向上、向下及向右突出延     

腰椎结核流注脓肿误诊为嵌顿疝1例分析

患者，女58岁，因右上腹不适1周就诊，考虑患者为熟人未给予全面检查。B超：于右侧胸腔位置锁骨中线第四、五肋间以下，肩胛线第七肋以下，均探及无回声暗区，最大直径20．0cm，内见分隔，肋下剑突下探及部分肝组织。肺部查体：右侧第四前肋以下第七后肋以下叩诊浊音，听诊呼吸音由减弱至消失，右侧肋弓下4．0cm处可触及肝下缘。考虑为右侧胸腔积液，收入院准备实施胸穿排液，入院后常规检查发现：胸片示双肺纹理清晰，双侧肋膈角锐利、右侧横膈上提于第四间肋间(2004年10月12号片号04001)。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.