吡那地尔对体外培养大鼠大脑皮层神经细胞缺氧缺糖损伤的保护作用

目的 :探讨ATP敏感性K+ 通道 (KATP)开放剂吡那地尔 (pinacidil,Pin)对缺氧缺糖再复氧损伤大鼠大脑皮层神经细胞的保护作用。方法 :体外培养大鼠大脑皮层神经细胞 ,细胞培养至 10d ,建立神经细胞缺氧缺糖损伤模型 ,观察Pin及KATP阻断剂格列苯脲对缺氧缺糖不同时间 ,再复氧 2 4h后细胞死亡率、丙二醛 (MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活力的影响。结果 :缺氧缺糖、再复氧后大鼠的神经细胞死亡率均显著升高、MDA生成增多、SOD的活力下降 ,Pin干预后 ,细胞死亡率下降、MDA生成减少、SOD的活力升高 ;格列苯脲能拮抗Pin这种保护作用。结论 :Pin对缺氧缺糖损伤神经细胞具有保护作用 ,并与拮抗氧自由基有关     

吗啡预处理对大鼠体外工作心脏的保护作用

目的研究吗啡预处理对大鼠体外工作心脏缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用．并探讨其机制。方法50只雄性大鼠随机分为5组．每组10只．建立体外工作心脏模型．用4c St.ThomasⅡ停搏液诱导心脏停搏30min，心脏停搏前采用5min缺血．10min再灌往的缺血预处理或0.3μmol／L吗啡灌注两种处理方法，并分别用纳洛酮和格列苯脲对吗啡的作用进行干预，观察心脏复灌后心功能指标、心肌酶值变化、心肌超微结构改变及心肌含水率。结果吗啡组和缺血预处理组在心排血量恢复牢、左室收缩压力变化速度、左室发展压恢复率及心肌乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）均优于对照组（均P〈0．05）；吗啡组和缺血预处理组心肌含水率明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）；心肌线粒体等超微结构损伤明显减轻；纳洛酮和格列苯脲可以完全阻断吗啡预处理的心肌保护作用。结论吗啡预处理可以产生与缺血预处理同样的心肌保护作用。吗啡是通过心脏局部的阿片受体及心肌细胞ATP敏感性钾通道介导产生心肌保护作用。     

异氟醚对幼兔缺血再灌注心肌细胞凋亡及Fas/Fasl表达的影响*

目的 探讨异氟醚对幼兔缺血再灌注心肌细胞凋亡及Fas,Fasl表达的影响。方法 取32只日本大耳白幼兔随机分为4组：假手术组只穿线不结扎;缺血再灌注组：结扎 30 min, 再灌注2 h;异氟醚预处理组：缺血前吸入1%异氟醚30 min, 洗脱15 min后处理同缺血再灌注组;格列苯脲组：异氟醚吸入前于耳缘静脉注射格列苯脲0.5 mg∕kg后处理同异氟醚预处理组。观察心肌细胞凋亡和Fas,Fasl蛋白表达情况,电镜观察细胞超微结构。结果 异氟醚预处理细胞凋亡明显较处理缺血再灌注组和格列苯脲组少（P<0.05）,异氟醚预处理组Fas,Fasl表达低于缺血再灌注组和格列苯脲组（P<0.05）,电镜显示异氟醚预处理组细胞损伤程度小于缺血再灌注组和格列苯脲组。结论 异氟醚能明显降低幼兔缺血再灌注心肌细胞的凋亡,其心肌保护作用与促进K-ATP通道开放有关。     

吗啡对大鼠离体工作心脏延迟性保护作用的实验研究

目的研究吗啡预处理对大鼠离体工作心脏缺血再灌注的延迟性保护作用,并探讨其机制。方法48只Wistar大鼠随机分为6组,每组8只,即对照组、吗啡组、纳络酮组、格列本脲组、吗啡 纳络酮组和吗啡 格列本脲组。腹腔注射给药24h后,建立离体工作心脏模型,4℃St.Thom asⅡ停搏液诱导心脏停搏30min,复灌45min。观察心脏缺血再灌注前后血流动力学恢复率、心肌酶及心肌超微结构的变化。结果吗啡组的心排出量(CO)恢复率、左室发展压(LVDP)恢复率、左室压力微分(±dp/dtmax)恢复率及乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)漏出量均优于对照组(P<0.05);30min缺血再灌注后心肌超微结构损伤明显减轻;纳络酮和格列本脲可以完全阻断吗啡的作用,而单独使用纳络酮或格列本脲对大鼠心脏不产生影响。结论吗啡预处理对缺血心肌可以产生延迟性保护作用,其作用与阿片受体和心肌细胞ATP敏感性钾通道(KATP通道)介导有关。     

吡格列酮保护乳鼠心肌细胞与ATP敏感性钾通道表达的关系

目的探讨吡格列酮对缺氧复氧诱导的乳鼠心肌细胞凋亡和心肌细胞ATP敏感性钾通道亚单位表达的影响。方法原代培养的sD乳鼠心肌细胞随机分为6组：溶媒组、缺氧复氧组、0．1μmol／L吡格列酮组、1．0μmol／L吡格列酮组、2．0μmol／L吡格列酮组、2．0μmol／L吡格列酮＋GW9662组（GW9662组）,药物预处理24h后建立缺氧复氧模型,利用膜联蛋白-v与溴化丙啶双染法检测心肌细胞凋亡,利用RT—PCR及Western—blot技术检测心肌细胞ATP敏感性钾通道亚单位的表达。结果0．1、1．0、2．0μmol／L吡格列酮组心肌细胞凋亡率与缺氧复氧组及GW9662组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;0．1、1．0、2．0μmol／L吡格列酮组心肌细胞线粒体ATP敏感性钾通道（mitoKATP）亚单位Kir6．1mRNA及蛋白的表达与缺氧复氧组及GW9662组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,各组细胞膜ATP敏感性钾通道（sarcKATP）亚单位Kir6．2mRNA表达间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论吡格列酮抑制缺氧复氧诱导的乳鼠心肌细胞凋亡,此保护作用可能与激活PPARγ及上调mitoKATP通道亚单位表达有关,sarcKATP未参与这种保护过程。     

异氟醚对幼兔缺血再灌注心肌细胞凋亡及Bcl-2、Bax和Caspase-3表达的影响

目的 探讨异氟醚对幼兔缺血再灌注心肌细胞凋亡及Bcl-2、Bax和Caspase-3表达的影响.方法 取32只日本大耳白幼兔随机分为4组,假手术组:冠状动脉(冠脉)只穿线不结扎;缺血再灌注组:结扎冠脉30min,再灌注2 h;异氟醚预处理组:缺血前吸入1.1%异氟醚30 min,洗脱15 min后处理同缺血再灌注组;格列苯脲组:异氟醚吸入前于耳缘静脉注射格列苯脲0.5mg/kg后处理同异氟醚预处理组.观察心肌细胞凋亡和Bcl-2、Bax和Caspase-3蛋白表达情况,电镜观察超微结构.结果 异氟醚预处理组细胞凋亡较缺血再灌注组和格列苯脲组明显减少(P<0.05),异氟醚预处理组Bcl-2表达高于缺血再灌注组和格列苯脲组(P<0.05),而Bax和Caspase-3表达少于缺血再灌注组和格列苯脲组(P<0.05),电镜显示异氟醚预处理组细胞损伤程度小于缺血再灌注组和格列苯脲组.结论 异氟醚预处理对幼兔缺血再灌注心肌损伤有明显的保护作用,其机制与促K-ATP通道开放有关.     

去甲肾上腺素诱导热休克蛋白70保护心肌细胞的机制

目的探讨去甲肾上腺素预处理心肌细胞后诱导心肌热休克蛋白70(HSP70)的表达及其对心肌细胞保护作用机制。方法 Wistar大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞培养,分为3组:对照组:心肌培养3～5天未施加任何因素;缺氧/复氧组:心肌细胞培养3～5天后,模拟缺氧(加入饱和氮气pH 6.8 D-Hank’s液培养细胞)3 h,复氧(用含20%新生牛血清的DMEM液培养细胞)孵育6 h;去甲肾+缺氧/复氧组:模拟缺氧前30 min加入100 nmol/L去甲肾,其它同缺氧/复氧组。测定心肌HSP70和bcl-2以及相关的细胞凋亡指标。结果 HSP70和bcl-2的表达在去甲肾+缺氧/复氧组明显高于缺氧/复氧组,去甲肾+缺氧/复氧组的细胞凋亡率明显低于缺氧/复氧组。结论去甲肾上腺素预处理可能通过诱导心肌组织HSP70和bcl-2高表达,发挥其对供心的保护作用。     

吡格列酮抑制体外高糖培养乳鼠心肌细胞凋亡作用的研究

目的探讨吡格列酮对体外高糖培养乳鼠心肌细胞凋亡的抑制作用。方法 W istar乳鼠进行原代心肌细胞培养致75%融合后,换无血清的DMEM培养基并转移到24孔板上,随机分为空白对照组、G lu组及PGZ组。48h后,分别测定各组心肌细胞乳酸脱氢酶含量、生长情况、增殖活性及凋亡情况。结果与空白对照组相比较,经过吡格列酮干预后,乳酸脱氢酶含量显著下降、细胞存活率增高、坏死细胞和凋亡细胞明显减少。结论吡格列酮能够抑制体外高糖培养的乳鼠心肌的细胞凋亡。     

异氟醚对未成熟兔缺血再灌注心肌细胞间黏附分子-1、核因子-κB表达的影响

目的:探讨异氟醚对幼兔缺血再灌注心肌细胞间黏附分子-1,NF-κB的影响及其对心肌缺血再灌注保护的作用机制。方法:取32只日本大耳白幼兔随机分为4组,假手术组只穿线不结扎;缺血再灌注组:结扎30 min,再灌注2h;异氟醚预处理组:缺血前吸入1.1%异氟醚30min,洗脱15min后处理同缺血再灌注组;格列苯脲组:异氟醚吸入前于耳缘静脉注射格列苯脲0.5m g/kg后处理同异氟醚预处理组。观察心肌细胞凋亡和细胞间黏附分子-1,NF-κB蛋白表达情况,电镜观察超微结构。结果:异氟醚预处理组细胞凋亡较缺血再灌注组和格列苯脲组明显减少(P<0.05),异氟醚预处理组细胞间黏附分子-1,NF-κB的表达明显较缺血再灌注组和格列苯脲组低(P<0.05),电镜显示异氟醚预处理组细胞损伤程度小于缺血再灌注组和格列苯脲组。结论:异氟醚预处理对幼兔缺血再灌注心肌损伤有明显的保护作用,其机制通过下调细胞间黏附分子-1,NF-κB蛋白表达并与促K+ATP通道开放有关。     

利多卡因对缺氧/复氧后肝细胞NO、MDA生成及细胞凋亡的影响

目的:探讨利多卡因预处理对正常人肝细胞株(L02)缺氧/复氧后肝细胞一氧化氮(NO)、丙二醛(MDA)生成及细胞凋亡的影响。方法:将体外培养的L02细胞随机分为3组:缺氧/复氧组(H组)、利多卡因预处理组(L组)和正常对照组(N组)。肝细胞缺氧4h后,复氧10h,测定复氧后细胞培养液中NO、MDA、ALT、AST含量,流式细胞仪检测肝细胞凋亡率,通过透射电镜观察细胞的超微结构变化。结果:复氧10h后,与N组比较,H组细胞培养液中NO浓度明显降低,ALT、AST、MDA含量及肝细胞凋亡率明显增高,电镜下显示细胞损伤明显;L组细胞培养液中NO浓度较N组明显升高,MDA、ALT、AST水平及肝细胞凋亡率高于N组但明显低于H组,电镜下显示细胞损伤较H组轻。结论:利多卡因预处理可以在一定程度上减轻缺氧/复氧后肝细胞损伤,降低细胞凋亡率,NO和MDA参与了这一过程。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.