微型骨锚钉修复近侧指间关节侧副韧带断裂

目的探讨微型骨锚钉修复近侧指间关节侧副韧带断裂。方法25例近侧指间关节侧副韧带断裂患者采用微型锚钉修复断裂侧副韧带,稳定近侧指间关节。结果25例患者随访6～18个月,按TAM评定标准,优8例,良13例,差4例,优良率84％。结论微型骨锚钉修复近侧指间关节侧副韧带断裂疗效可靠,手术简单。     

近节指间关节侧副韧带断裂三种治疗方法的疗效比较

目的比较非手术治疗、韧带修复和韧带重建三种方法对治疗近节指间关节侧副韧带断裂的疗效。方法１９７５～１９９５年间，用上述方法治疗近节指间关节侧副韧带断裂６１例６７指。结果术后随访２．５～１９年，按Ｓａｅｔａ等评定标准评定疗效，１９指用保守疗法者其优良率为５５％，２３指行侧副韧带修复术和２５指行掌长肌腱移植重建侧副韧带者，其优良率为６８％和９４％。结论近节指间关节侧副韧带断裂时应首选侧副韧带重建术。     

保留指深屈肌腱止点肌腱移位重建远指间关节侧副韧带

目的 研究保留指深屈肌腱止点部分肌腱腱条移位重建远指间关节侧副韧带的方法及疗效.方法 2005年至2011年,对14例16指新鲜远指间关节侧副韧带中部损伤及陈旧性损伤的患者,采用保留指深屈肌腱止点部分肌腱腱条移位重建侧副韧带.结果 术后14例16指获得6个月至3年的随访,平均2.3年.按Saetta等评定标准评定疗效:优10例12指,良3例3指,可1例1指;优良率为93.8％.结论 该方法对于肌腱移位后的手指屈伸功能及肌力无影响,保留指深屈肌腱止点部分肌腱腱条移位重建远指间关节侧副韧带,是治疗手指远指间关节侧副韧带损伤的一种简单、有效的方法.     

应用微型单孔钩钢板治疗手指关节侧副韧带损伤伴撕脱骨折

[目的]探讨应用微型钩钢板内固定治疗手指关节侧副韧带损伤伴骨折的临床效果。[方法]应用微型钩钢板内固定治疗手指关节侧副韧带损伤伴骨折患者31例,男21例,女10例,年龄16~56岁,平均32.5岁。受伤至手术时间2 h~3个月,平均8 d。其中拇指掌指关节损伤23例,示指近侧指间关节损伤2例,中指近侧指间关节损伤1例,环指近侧指间关节损伤2例,小指近侧指间关节损伤3例;右手18例,左手13例。闭合伤25例,开放伤6例。新鲜损伤(2周)26例,陈旧损伤(2周)5例。撕脱骨折块大小约为3 mm×4.0 mm~6.0 mm×7.5 mm。[结果]本组31例患者术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合,随访6个月~6年,平均3年。根据Saetta等疗效评定标准评价手指功能,优27例,占87.1%,良4例,占12.9%。[结论]应用微型钩钢板内固定治疗手指关节侧副韧带损伤伴骨折是一种行之有效的方法。     

应用微型骨锚重建手指侧副韧带-附7例报告

目的探讨微型骨锚在修复手指侧副韧带撕脱伤中的临床疗效。方法2004年3月-2006年1月，对7例手指侧副韧带损伤的患者，先用一枚直径为0．8mm克氏针斜行将患指近侧指间关节固定于平伸位，然后采用1．3mm Mitekmero微型带双针40 Ethibond骨锚植入近节指骨头或中节指骨基底侧方侧副韧带的腱附着处，用锚尾部的缝合线缝合撕脱的侧副韧带重建起止点。结果术后7例获得3至11个月随访，平均4．8个月。按TAM功能评定方法评定：优6例，良1例。x线片示骨锚未见松动、脱落。结论微型骨锚用于修复与重建手指侧副韧带．其操作容易掌握，简便、快捷，疗效可靠。     

手指关节损伤的MRI检查

目的了解MRI检查对手指关节损伤的诊断作用。方法对外伤后致手指损伤的18例24个近侧指间关节或掌指关节进行X线片和MRI检查;其中对6例8个指间关节损伤进行了手术治疗,对12例16个指间关节行石膏固定。结果X线片显示24个损伤关节中发现4例(4个)指关节有损伤并伴有指骨骨折;MRI显示24个指关节均有不同程度的损伤,其中侧副韧带损伤12个关节,侧副韧带损伤伴指骨骨折4个关节,侧副韧带损伤伴掌板撕裂伤8个关节。治疗后3个月,所有病例均获得随访。手功能按TAM评定标准评定疗效:优20个,良4个,优良率达100%。结论MRI检查对手指关节损伤的阳性诊断率很高,检测方便,为临床治疗提供了可靠的依据。     

手指关节侧副韧带损伤的治疗

报道64例指关节侧副韧带损伤,手术治疗50例,其中拇指掌指关节16例,手指近侧指间关节34例,除失败1例外,49例术后关节稳定,屈伸活动明显改善;非手术方法治疗14例,其中陈旧性损伤2例效果较差。     

手部近指间关节闭合性损伤的基础与临床研究

目的 探讨近指间关节(proximal interphalangeal joint,PIP)闭合性损伤的解剖特点及不同结构损伤的治疗及预后.方法 通过对20个成年人新鲜尸体手指标本的解剖学研究,了解近指间关节损伤及关节囊挛缩发生的机制.临床上对21例近指间关节损伤的患者进行手术.结果 解剖学研究发现,副韧带及掌板近侧损伤对近指间关节活动度无明显影响.侧副韧带损伤主要破坏关节侧方的稳定性,掌板损伤主要破坏关节前后方的稳定性.21例术后随访3～13个月,平均7个月.各指近指间关节主动屈、伸活动范围:屈曲60°～95°,平均78°;背伸0°～15°,平均8°.被动屈、伸活动范围:屈曲71°～98°,平均82°;背伸0°～18°,平均11°.结论 对于掌板及侧副韧带损伤,应尽早进行手术修复及止点重建,可防止关节囊挛缩.     

微型骨锚在远指间关节侧副韧带起止点损伤中的应用

目的探讨应用微型锚钉修复远指间关节侧副韧带起止点损伤的临床疗效。方法 2017年5月-2018年8月,对15例远指间关节侧副韧带起止点损伤患者在中节指骨头或末节指骨基底应用1.3 mm微型骨锚重建侧副韧带起止点以修复损伤,术后评价效果。结果术后均一期愈合,无感染及皮肤坏死、锚钉外露,所有患者获得随访3～14个月,平均9个月。根据Dargan功能评定,优11例,良3例,可1例,优良率93%,查体关节稳定。结论应用微型骨锚修复远指间关节侧副韧带起止点损伤是一种快捷、可靠的方法,适于临床推广应用。     

近指间关节侧副韧带损伤的分型与治疗

近指间关节侧副韧带损伤临床常见，但缺乏明确的量化治疗标准，给临床治疗方法的选择造成一定困难，如治疗不当或不治疗将会造成关节长期的疼痛和不稳定，晚期会造成创伤性关节炎和关节僵硬，影响治疗效果。1995年至今，我科收住近指间关节侧副韧带损伤患者283例，根据伤后症状、体征和就诊时间等因素将其分为4型，分别采用简单固定、韧带修复、韧带重建的治疗方法，取得满意疗效，现报道如下。     

胸腰椎骨折椎弓根内固定断裂与植骨融合方式的相关性分析

[目的]探讨胸腰椎骨折椎弓根螺钉内固定系统内固定术后,椎弓根螺钉断裂与植骨融合方式之间的关系,以探讨胸腰椎骨折植骨融合的最佳方式。[方法]回顾性研究1995年5月~2005年12月本院脊柱外科收治的胸腰椎骨折病人197例,其中A组单纯内固定(不植骨)患者14例,B组“H”形椎板植骨21例,C组横突间植骨67例,D组椎间、椎内联合横突间植骨95例。[结果]术后随访6~32个月,内固定断裂12例,其中A组4例,B组3例,C组5例,D组0例,4组中D组内固定断裂率显著低于其他3组(P<0.05)。[结论]椎间、椎体内联合横突间植骨重建脊柱三柱的稳定性,符合人体生物力学原理,能有效降低内固定断裂的发生。     

On the measurement of the functional properties of the CFTR

A number of methods are currently employed to assess the functional properties of CFTR channels and their response to pharmacological potentiators, correction of the defective CFTR trafficking, and vectorial introduction of new proteins. Here we review the most common methods used to assess CFTR channel function. The suitability of each technique to various experimental conditions is discussed.     

The Measurement of the Inclination Angle of the Hamate and Analysis of the Inclination Angle for the Rotation Deformity of the Little Finger in the Fixation of the Carpometacarpal Joint

ObjectiveComplex base fractures of the fifth metacarpal bone and dislocation of the fifth carpometacarpal joint are more prone to internal rotation deformity of the little finger sequence after fixation with a transarticular plate. In the past, we have neglected that there is actually a certain angle of external rotation in the hamate surface of transarticular fixation. This study measured the inclination angle of the hamate surface relative to the fifth metacarpal surface for clinical reference.MethodsIn a prospective single‐center study, we investigated the tilt angle of 60 normal hamates. The study included thin‐layer computed tomography (CT) data from 60 patients from the orthopaedic clinic and inpatient unit from January 2017 to March 2020, including 34 men and 26 women who were 15~59 years old, average 35 years old. The CT data of 60 cases in Dicom format of the hand was input into Mimics and 3‐Matics software for three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction and measuring the angle α between hamate surface and the fifth metacarpal surface. According to the possible placement of the transarticular plate on the fifth metacarpal surface, we measured the angle β between the hamate surface 1 and the fifth metacarpal surface and the angle γ between the hamate surface 2 and the fifth metacarpal surface.ResultsThe average angle between the hamate surface and the fifth metacarpal surface was 11.66°. The hamate surfaces 1 and 2 have an external rotation angle of 7.30° and 7.51° on average with respect to the fifth metacarpal surface, respectively. There is no statistically significant difference in the angles between the two groups (P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe horizontal angle of the dorsal side of the hamate is different from the back of the fifth metacarpal surface, and the hamate has a certain external rotation angle with respect to the fifth metacarpal surface. No matter how the transarticular plate is placed, the plate always has a certain external rotation angle relative to the fifth metacarpal surface. When the fixation is across the fifth carpometacarpal joint, if the plate does not twist and shape, it will inevitably cause internal rotation of the fifth metacarpal, resulting in internal rotation deformity of the little finger sequence.     

静脉输注甘露醇开放血脑屏障对抗生素透过血脑屏障的影响

目的　通过快速静脉输注甘露醇可逆性开放血脑屏障 (BBB) ,探知此方法能否增加抗生素透过BBB的量 ,在何时达到最高峰 ,其通透量增加后临床上有无不良反应。方法　采用自身配伍设计 ,共 6个样本组。对照组仅使用抗生素 ;其余 5组分别在使用甘露醇前 60、3 0min ,同时使用甘露醇后 3 0、60min使用抗生素 ,各组皆取使用抗生素后 1h的脑脊液测其抗生素浓度。抗生素选用头孢三嗪。结果　测量值经过q检验 ,经 2 0 %甘露醇处理前后的CSF中的头孢三嗪浓度差异有非常显著性。全组患者经临床观察未出现神经系统的不良反应。结论　经静脉快速输注2 0 %甘露醇后可以使透过BBB的水溶性抗生素的量增加 ,两者使用的顺序是在抗生素使用 3 0min内即给予甘露醇快速滴注。该方法不会增加低神经毒性抗生素在中枢神经系统的不良反应。     

三角韧带损伤的手术治疗

[目的]探讨踝关节三角韧带损伤的手术治疗及效果。[方法]2002年4月-2005年4月治疗伴有三角韧带损伤的踝关节骨折40例，均采用切开复位和坚强内固定，并修复重建三角韧带，恢复踝关节内外侧结构的稳定性。下胫腓联合分离仍不稳定者，给予皮质骨螺钉横向内固定。[结果]全部病例得到16个月-3a随访，平均1．5a。按齐氏疗效评定标准：优良30例，可8例，差2例，优良率75％。[结论]强调踝关节骨折切开解剖复位，坚强内固定的同时，应充分重视修复重建三角韧带。     

Influence of the design of the prosthesis on the outcome after hemiarthroplasty of the shoulder in displaced fractures of the head of the humerus

We reviewed 39 patients with displaced three- and four-part fractures of the humerus. In 21 patients (group A) we had used an anatomical prosthesis for the humeral head and in 18 (group B) an implant designed for fractures. When followed up at a mean of 29.3 months after surgery the overall Constant score was 51.9 points; in group A it was 51.5 and in group B 52.4 points. The subjective satisfaction of the patients was assessed using a numerical rating scale and was similar in both groups. In group A complete healing of the tuberosities was found in 29% and 50% in group B. Partial integration was seen in 29% of group A and in only one patient in group B, while resorption was noted in 43% of group A and 44% of group B. The functional outcome was significantly better in patients with complete or partial healing of the tuberosities (p=0.022). The specific trauma prosthesis did not lead to better healing of the tuberosities. The difference in clinical outcome obtained by the two designs did not reach statistical significance.     

Preservation of the pylorus and resection of the head of the pancreas

The historical evolution of the pylorus-preservation resection of the head of the pancreas is traced from the first resections early in this century to relative standardization of the operation, to a lowering of the operative mortality, and to an interest in improving nutritional status after resection. There are many theoretical advantages for the function of the upper gastrointestinal tract after pylorus and gastric preservation, such as maintenance of gastric capacitance and equilibration of osmotic pressure in gastric digestants, foodstuff digestion and absorption, and bowel motility. After the pylorus-preserving resection, gastric emptying is normal, pyloric function to prevent duodenal reflux is often normal, and gastric acids and serum levels of duodenal hormones are at normal levels, whereas after standard pancreatoduodenectomy, all of these are often abnormal. No prospective blinded studies have been published comparing nutritional values after the two operative procedures, but evidence is presented of a satisfactory result with regard to gastric capacitance, body weight gain, and lack of postgastrectomy symptoms. An undoubted advantage of the pylorus-preserving feature is a simplification of the operation. These gains are achieved without increase in operative mortality, without increase in the incidence of jejunal ulcer, and without theoretical or actual decrease in value of the procedure as a cancer operation, except in patients with duodenal carcinoma proximal to the ampulla of Vater.