中药提取过程计算机控制系统的设计与应用

简要介绍用于中药提取过程的计算机控制系统的设计和应用，其中包括提取过程对控制系统的要求、控制系统的硬件设计、控制系统的应用软件设计、系统的应用效果。     

医药工业净化空调自动控制系统设计及注意问题

介绍了在医药工业净化厂房用数字直接控制系统的设计原理，并介绍了西门子公司APOGEE顶峰系统在通风和空调系统中的设计及其应用。     

临床实践教学质量控制系统的建立与实践

临床实践教学质量控制系统实际上是采用科学的方法和手段，对临床实践教学过程进行全面设计，组织实施和检查评价，以保证能够实现预期教学目标的闭环控制系统。本文从临床实践教学质量影响因素着手，从系统科学的角度出发，阐述了质量控制的“四性”原则，初步构建了质量控制系统模式。     

乙烯精馏塔压差实时专家控制系统

针对乙烯精馏过程的复杂性，设计并实现了乙烯装置中乙烯精馏塔压差实时专家控制系统(RECS)，阐述了该系统的工艺特点、系统设计及控制软件实现。在某大型乙烯生产装置中的成功应用表明，此系统不但控制效果优良，而且与Honeywell TDC—3000集散控制系统(DCS)内部系统有机结合，有效地实现了人机对话功能，便于实时监控与维护。     

基于ARM的机器人移动底盘设计

移动底盘是机器人中较为独立的部分。本文介绍了机器人乐队底盘移动部分磁引导AGV的设计,主要包括系统结构、控制系统和软件。该AGV以Philips公司的ARM LPC2114为控制核心,构成了先进的嵌入式控制系统。在ADS1.2集成开发环境下使用C语言编写控制软件。机器人乐队的成功展出表明设计方案合理,运行可靠性高。     

虚拟仪器语言在药品冷冻干燥测控程序中的应用

为了提高冷冻干燥系统的可靠性，冷冻干燥系统的各类参数的采集与控制对于冻干工艺过程十分必要。本文使用虚拟仪器语言LabVIEW进行软件编程，与各类硬件通讯，来实现对冷冻干燥系统中药瓶的质量、各点的温度。干燥箱压力等进行监控，并拟将数据保存。本文结合冷冻干燥机，进行测量控制系统的设计；测量与控制系统硬件的选型；测量与控制方案的设计；测量与控制参数的选择和整定；自动采集与控制软件的研制。     

运动诱发电位与间隙内压监测对筋膜间隙综合征诊断价值的对比研究

目的探讨运动诱发电位对筋膜间隙综合征的诊断价值。方法2001年10月-2007年8月,对267例小腿、足损伤患者经双侧腘窝磁刺激坐骨神经,以最大输出量的70%刺激。同心圆针电极插入小腿及足部各筋膜间隙内相应的肌肉中,记录各自的运动诱发电位的潜伏期及波幅变化。同时采用Whiteside法测压装置监测各筋膜间隙内压的变化并观察临床表现。结果23例主诉伤肢无法忍受的剧痛进行性加重,并伴有明显伤肢肿胀,相应肌肉MEP潜伏期明显延长,当潜伏期为健侧的（1.86±0.31）倍时,筋膜间隙内压均大于30mmHg,确诊为筋膜间隙综合征。结论通过磁刺激运动诱发电位与间隙内压监测对筋膜间隙综合征诊断的对照研究发现：MEP作为诊断筋膜间隙综合征的客观指标具有重要的价值。     

经颅磁共振引导聚焦超声治疗的临床操作技术要点及注意事项

经颅磁共振引导聚焦超声治疗(简称"磁波刀"), 按照规定的操作步骤, 可以进行精确的脑内靶区消融。"磁波刀"治疗系统主要由与磁共振设备接驳的治疗床、包含1 024个阵元的头盔式相控阵超声换能器及机械定位单元、前端柜、冷却水循环系统、机柜和电脑控制系统组成。治疗包括治疗前计划、术前准备、治疗操作及术后管理4个阶段。本文着重介绍"磁波刀"治疗系统构成及治疗操作流程。从文献知识及作者实践经验中, 总结"磁波刀"治疗的临床操作技术要点及注意事项, 为此项技术在国内的推广应用提供参考。     

植入式左心室辅助装置在我国的应用与发展

<正>植入式左心室辅助装置(left ventricular assist device,LVAD)的概念最早于20世纪60年代由De Bakey及其团队提出^[1]。LVAD历经搏动式、轴流式、离心式(液力悬浮、磁液悬浮、全磁悬浮)三代血泵的改进和数十年的发展，目前已成为治疗终末期心力衰竭(以下简称心衰)的重要手段，美国每年约3000例患者使用LVAD，超过了心脏移植的数量。美国食品药品监督管理局批准植入式LVAD用于INTERMACS分级1～4级的终末期心衰患者，     

具有小滞后的连续控制系统的容错控制器设计

研究了小滞后线性连续控制系统的容错控制问题，证明了通过适当选取Ｒｉｃｃａｔｉ方程中的权矩阵Ｑ和Ｒ，当小时滞满足一个不等式时，含有执行器或传感器故障的系统模型的闭环系统为渐进稳定的。给出了系统的容错控制器的设计方法。并用一个例子说明了该方法的有效性。     

Magnetic suspension hip joint: an ideal design of an artificial joint

Background Artificial joints present certain problems such as osteal absorption and lysis induced by wear debris which leads to loosening of the prosthesis over a period of time. Here we propose a design of an artificial magnetic suspension joint that was prepared by integrating the medical theories of modern material science, magnetism, and medical physics.Methods According to clinical characteristic of biological and mechanical for hip joint, we designed the appearance and dimensions of magnetic suspension joint and placed neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets in the prosthesis.As the same time, we performed mechanical and biological experiments using artificial magnetic suspension hip joints models.Results By simulated the human hip structure and the external load, we discovered the artificial magnetic suspension hip joints models had much lesser amount and size of wear debris than the ceramic/ceramic artificial hip joint prosthesis in friction wear tests. The force between the artificial joints with magnetic materials that we have calculated is feasible for application of artificial joint. The design of artificial magnetic suspension hip joints models was plausible technically and safe biologically.Conclusion Artificial magnetic suspension hip joints may effectively reduce the incidence of the loosening of prosthesis over a period of time.     

磁悬浮关节:一种新的人工关节设计

Background Artificial joints present certain problems such as osteal absorption and lysis induced by wear debris which leads to loosening of the prosthesis over a period of time. Here we propose a design of an artificial magnetic suspension joint that was prepared by integrating the medical theories of modern material science, magnetism, and medical physics.Methods According to clinical characteristic of biological and mechanical for hip joint, we designed the appearance and dimensions of magnetic suspension joint and placed neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets in the prosthesis.As the same time, we performed mechanical and biological experiments using artificial magnetic suspension hip joints models.Results By simulated the human hip structure and the external load, we discovered the artificial magnetic suspension hip joints models had much lesser amount and size of wear debris than the ceramic/ceramic artificial hip joint prosthesis in friction wear tests. The force between the artificial joints with magnetic materials that we have calculated is feasible for application of artificial joint. The design of artificial magnetic suspension hip joints models was plausible technically and safe biologically.Conclusion Artificial magnetic suspension hip joints may effectively reduce the incidence of the loosening of prosthesis over a period of time.     

免疫磁珠法分离纯化SD大鼠神经干细胞

目的应用微小免疫磁珠分离提纯SD胎鼠大脑皮层组织中的神经干细胞并进行培养,为研究神经干细胞的特性与神经干细胞的培养和移植研究创造有利条件。方法取SD胎鼠的大脑皮层组织制成单细胞悬液,用微小磁珠（平均直径≤50nm）分选出神经巢蛋白（nestin）阳性的细胞群,以流式细胞术检测阳性细胞纯度,以台盼蓝染色法检测细胞活性。结果分离的神经干细胞流式细胞仪检测细胞nestin阳性表达率为（88．5&#177;3．6）％,细胞存活率为（96．3&#177;1．8）％。结论微小免疫磁珠法分离胎鼠脑神经干细胞群落简便、有效,可以为神经干细胞的细胞培养和移槽提供细胞来源。     

Design and Construction of a Low Cost dsPIC Controller Based Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulator (rTMS)

In this work, a digital signal peripheral interface controller (dsPIC) based repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulator (rTMS) was designed and tested under low voltages. In addition, some limited knowledge of TMS, especially design parameters and notions concerned with it, also were investigated. The reason employing the dsPIC in the design is that design parameters can effectively be controlled. Pulse width modulation and switching output of the control unit, which is necessary to control the rTMS device, were controlled in a more effective way. The other novelty is that developed system can be used for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes in future work provided by digital signal processing performance of dsPIC. Bounded-cylindrical in shape head model made from nonmagnetic material, was used during the tests of the system. Spectrum analyses of clicking sounds were performed with FFT by using MATLAB. The effectiveness of the designed system have been proved by its’ measurement results compared with previous works.     

抗sHLA-Ⅰ免疫磁珠的制备与鉴定

目的制备抗sHLA—Ⅰ免疫磁珠去除红细胞悬液和机采血小板中的sHLA—Ⅰ分子。方法将单克隆抗体W6／32以共价偶联的方式包被制备免疫磁珠,以FITC标记的羊抗鼠二抗标记磁珠,用流式细胞仪鉴定包被效果。取10例红细胞悬液和机采血小板上清和制备好的免疫磁珠孵育后移去磁珠,用ELISA检测吸附前后sHLA—Ⅰ浓度变化评价吸附效果。结果制备的抗sHLA—Ⅰ免疫磁珠包被效率约为75％。对红细胞悬液和机采血小板中sHLA—Ⅰ的吸附效果可达到84％和83％。结论采用单克隆抗体W6／32制备的免疫磁珠能有效去除红细胞悬液和机采血小板中的sHLA—Ⅰ分子,在改善临床输血安全方面有广阔的应用前景。     

阿霉素磁微球的制备及在家兔肺内的靶向定位

根据Ｗｉｄｄｅｒ改良法自行制作了阿霉素磁性白蛋白微球，并测量微球的大小，载药量及磁反应性，在家兔左肺前后加有双极磁场（场强４９０ｍＴ）作为靶部位，并在用药后持续作用１ｈ，分别从家兔右耳缘静脉注射含有同等剂量阿霉素的磁微球及阿霉素溶液，肺病理切片色及阿霉素浓度检测结果表明，磁微球组家兔左肺铁染色较右肺浓重，左肺药物浓度明显高于右肺（Ｐ〈０．０１），阿霉素溶液组家兔左，右肺铁染色阴性，左，右肺阿霉素浓     

Preparation and characterization of polybutylcyanoacrylate magnetic nanoparticles.

OBJECTIVE: To Prepare and characterize polybutylcyanoacrylate (PBCA) magnetic nanoparticles. METHODS: The suspension of PBCA magnetic nanoparticles was prepared by emulsion polymerization method. The particle size, size distribution, polydispersity and other parameters were determined by photon correlation spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy, and the iron content in the nanoparticles by ultraviolet spectroscopy. RESULTS: The data of the particle size and size distribution of aqueous decanoic acid stabilized Fe3O4 magnetic fluids were acquired, and the influences of concentrations of butylcyanoacrylate (BCA) and Dextran-70 on the particle size and size distribution of PBCA magnetic nanoparticles were characterized. CONCLUSION: We have for the first time successfully prepared stable suspension of PBCA magnetic nanoparticles by emulsion polymerization method at pH 6.3-6.4 in aqueous medium.     

聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯磁性纳米球的制备与表征

目的 制备聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯(PBCA)磁性纳米球。方法 乳化聚合法制备磁性纳米球的悬浮液,光子相关光谱仪和透射电镜测定磁性纳米球的粒径及其分布;紫外分光光度法测定磁性纳米球中Fe含量。结果 获得了水溶性正癸酸稳定的Fe₃O₄磁流体的粒径及其分布,以及载体浓度与稳定剂浓度对磁性纳米球粒径及其分布的影响。结论 首次在pH=6.3~6.4条件下用乳化聚合法制备了PBCA磁性纳米球的稳定悬浮液。     

两种牙科磁性附着体静磁场磁通密度和固位力的测定

目的 测定、分析MAGNEDISC 800(MD800)、MAGFIT EX600W(EX600)这两种常用牙科磁性附着体的静磁场磁通密度和固位力,为磁性附着体的临床应用提供指导。方法 采用数字高斯计分别测定开放磁路、闭合磁路下以及模拟临床情况将衔铁与磁体水平错开一定距离、衔铁与磁体垂直拉开一定距离时,两种磁性附着体静磁场磁通密度。采用拉力试验机测定标准闭合磁路下以及模拟临床情况将衔铁与磁体水平错开一定距离、衔铁与磁体垂直拉开一定距离时,两种磁性附着体的固位力值。结果 两种磁性附着体在开放磁路、闭合磁路下均存在漏磁,MD800、EX600在开放磁路下磁体表面的磁通密度分别达275．0mT、147．0mT,闭合磁路下两种附着体的漏磁量均明显下降,相应表面磁通密度分别减小为11．4mT、4．5mT,附着体周围磁通密度随距附着体表面距离的增大而递减。当附着体衔铁与磁体水平错开或垂直拉开一定距离时漏磁量增大。两种磁性附着体在标准闭合磁路下其固位力值最大,MD800、EX600分别为6．20N和4．80N,随衔铁与磁体水平错开或垂直拉开距离的增大其固位力值逐渐减小。结论 磁性附着体存在一定的漏磁,当其应用于患者口腔中时,若衔铁与磁体未完全对位,漏磁量将增大,同时附着体固位力减小,故临床应用磁性附着体时应将磁体与衔铁准确对位。     

无充气腋窝入路完全腔镜甲状腺手术的“三推进”悬吊建腔法

无充气腋窝入路完全腔镜下甲状腺手术具有手术视野清晰、操作简便、术者学习曲线短、手术切口隐蔽以及患者术后颈部无疤痕、吞咽不适感轻微等优点。该术式由侧方入路,分离路径需经胸大肌表面、胸锁乳突肌肌间隙、颈内静脉等解剖结构,会面临颈部肌肉、血管和神经的各种变异,采用自腋窝—锁骨、锁骨—胸锁乳突肌肌间隙、胸锁乳突肌肌间隙—甲状腺三次拉钩推进,配合术中悬吊向上拉钩进行建腔的方法可以为手术操作打下良好基础。本文介绍“三推进”悬吊建腔法的主要步骤、要点及其注意事项。