金荞麦药酒对佐剂性关节炎大鼠氧自由基和免疫功能的影响

目的 研究金荞麦药酒对佐剂性关节炎模型大鼠的治疗效果,探讨其作用机制.方法 将大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、阳性对照组(每天灌胃雷公藤多苷片混悬液0.03 g/kg),低、中、高剂量金荞麦组(每天灌胃金荞麦药酒0.54、1.08、2.16 g/kg).建立佐剂性关节炎模型12 d后给药21 d,观察大鼠左后足跖肿胀体积,检测血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)和足跖软组织TNF-α、前列腺素E2(PGE2)、一氧化氮(NO)含量;流式细胞术分析脾脏淋巴细胞凋亡率,免疫组化法检测膝关节滑膜巨噬细胞密度.结果 与正常组比较,模型组足跖肿胀体积、血清TNF-α、MDA和足跖软组织TNF-α、PGE2、NO水平、膝关节滑膜巨噬细胞密度明显升高(P<0.01),血清SOD、脾脏淋巴细胞凋亡率明显降低(P<0.01).与模型组比较,金荞麦可明显降低足跖肿胀体积、TNF-α、PGE2、NO水平和膝关节滑膜巨噬细胞密度,升高脾脏淋巴细胞凋亡率(P<0.05或P<0.01),但SOD、MDA无明显变化(P>0.05).结论 金荞麦药酒治疗类风湿关节炎的机制可能与调节TNF-α、PGE2、NO水平、膝关节滑膜巨噬细胞密度、脾脏淋巴细胞凋亡率有关.     

番茄红素对脓毒血症大鼠心肌损伤的影响

目的:观察番茄红素对脓毒血症大鼠心肌损伤的影响。方法:雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组(NOR)、脓毒血症组(SEP)及番茄红素处理组(LYC)。大鼠通过腹腔注射内毒素(20 mg/kg)制备脓毒血症模型,番茄红素处理组大鼠在以番茄红素预处理2 h后腹腔注射内毒素,6 h后,收集血样品及心脏。检测血清炎症细胞因子水平、抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量;观察心肌组织学变化;检测心肌组织炎症调节蛋白磷酸化核因子κB(p-NF-κB)、环氧酶-2(COX-2)的表达。结果:与对照组比较,脓毒血症组大鼠血清炎症细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白介素-6(IL-6)及MDA含量升高,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性降低,心肌组织p-NF-κB和COX-2水平升高;番茄红素处理明显降低血清TNF-α和IL-6及MDA含量,提高SOD活性,降低心肌组织p-NF-κB和COX-2表达。形态观察可见脓毒血症组大鼠心肌纤维损伤、排列疏松,番茄红素处理减轻了心肌纤维损伤。结论:番茄红素预处理可减轻脓毒血症大鼠的心肌损伤,其机制可能通过下调炎症信号NF-κB/COX-2实现。     

维拉帕米对梗阻性黄疸大鼠肝组织核因子κB表达的影响

目的:探讨维拉帕米对梗阻性黄疸时肝组织核因子-κB(nuclear factor kappa B, NF-κB)表达的影响. 方法:将雄性SD大鼠48只随机分成胆管结扎组、维拉帕米组和假手术组.分别于术后第7天、14天处死大鼠,观察肝组织NF-κB p65表达、丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量以及血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白介素-6(IL-6)的变化. 结果:维拉帕米组肝组织NF-κB p65表达、MDA含量及血清TNF-α,IL-6水平均明显低于胆管结扎组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01). 结论:维拉帕米可下调肝组织NF-κB的表达,减轻梗阻性黄疸时肝损伤.     

督脉加药发泡疗法治疗大鼠佐剂性关节炎的研究

目的观察督脉加药发泡疗法对大鼠佐剂性关节炎(AA)的疗效,并初步探讨其作用机理。方法采用大鼠足跖皮内注射福氏完全佐剂建立AA模型,采用雷公藤膏、斑蝥膏、斑蝥雷公藤膏督脉穴位贴敷(发泡)疗法,观察足跖肿胀度、足爪组织病理学变化、脾脏指数、血清和足跖炎症组织中的PGE2含量。结果斑蝥膏组、斑蝥雷公藤膏组可有效抑制AA大鼠足跖肿胀度和足爪组织病理学变化,尤其以斑蝥雷公藤膏组为更显著。发泡疗法可提高大鼠脾脏指数值以及血清中的PGE2含量,而足跖炎症组织中PGE2含量各组间无明显差异。结论督脉发泡疗法对AA具有良好的抗炎消肿作用,在发泡剂中添加雷公藤后疗效更佳,其机理可能与免疫调节有关,与血清和足跖炎症组织中的PGE2含量变化无关。     

原花青素对CIA大鼠足爪组织中NF-κB/p65蛋白和血清中某些促炎性细胞因子表达的影响

目的研究原花青素对Ⅱ型胶原诱导的类风湿性关节炎(CIA)大鼠足爪组织中核转录因子NF-κB/p65蛋白表达的抑制作用和血清中炎性细胞因子IL-1β、TNF-α等水平的影响。方法建立Ⅱ型胶原诱导的CIA大鼠模型,免疫组化法检测足爪组织中NF-κB/p65蛋白的表达,ELISA法检测CIA大鼠血清中IL-1β和TNF-α的含量。结果原花青素能剂量依赖性地下调NF-κB/p65蛋白的表达,降低CIA大鼠血清中TNF-α和IL-1β的水平。结论原花青素对CIA大鼠炎症的抑制作用可能与其下调NF-κB/p65蛋白表达、降低促炎性细胞因子TNF-α、IL-1β的水平有关。     

金樱子对糖尿病大鼠肝MCP-1、TNF-α和NF-κB表达的影响

目的 研究金樱子对链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin, STZ)和高糖高脂诱导的实验性糖尿病大鼠肝脏MCP-1、TNF-α和NF-κB表达的影响.方法 用STZ腹腔注射和饲喂高糖高脂诱导法建立SD 大鼠糖尿病模型,随机分为糖尿病模型组和金樱子干预组,同时另设正常对照组和金樱子对照组.每4周检测血清血糖和胰岛素水平, 24周后处死大鼠,取肝组织,酶法测定MDA、SOD、TAC含量.用免疫组化方法 检测肝脏组织细胞MCP-1、TNF-α和NF-κB三个因子的表达.结果 金樱子可以降低实验性糖尿病大鼠血糖、胰岛素含量(P<0.05),降低肝组织MDA含量(P<0.05),增强肝组织中SOD、TAC含量(P<0.05),下调肝MCP-1、TNF-α和NF-κB的表达(P<0.05).结论 金樱子对实验性糖尿病鼠肝有保护作用,其机制与抑制肝MCP-1、TNF-α和NF-κB的表达有关.     

独活寄生汤对膝关节骨性关节炎模型大鼠NF-κB信号通路的影响

目的观察独活寄生汤对膝关节骨性关节炎模型大鼠NF-κB信号通路的作用,探讨其缓解膝关节骨性关节炎的可能机制。方法将大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、纳曲酮组和独活寄生汤组,采用寒冷刺激法建立膝关节骨性关节炎模型。各组给予相应的药液灌胃。观察大鼠膝关节关节软骨病理形态变化;ELISA检测大鼠血清中IL-1、TNF-α的表达;Real time-PCR和Western bolt检测软骨中IκBα、NF-κBp65的基因和蛋白表达水平。结果纳曲酮组和独活寄生汤组大鼠的膝关节肿胀程度、活动度、饮食和精神都要优于模型组。纳曲酮组和独活寄生汤组大鼠膝关节软骨表面较粗糙,稍有不平整,软骨细胞排列较规则,炎性细胞浸润明显好转。与空白组比较,模型组大鼠血清中IL-1、TNF-α表达水平升高(P0.01);与模型组比较,纳曲酮组和独活寄生汤组大鼠血清中IL-1、TNF-α表达下降(P0.01,P0.05)。与空白组比较,模型组大鼠软骨中IκBα、NF-κBp65的基因和蛋白表达水平升高(P0.01);与模型组比较,纳曲酮组和独活寄生汤组大鼠软骨中IκBα、NF-κBp65的基因和蛋白表达水平降低(P0.01,P0.05)。结论独活寄生汤能缓解膝关节骨性关节炎模型大鼠的症状,其机制可能与其调节大鼠软骨中NF-κB信号通路的表达有关。     

坎地沙坦对糖尿病心肌纤维化及氧化应激、NF-κB的抑制作用

目的:研究坎地沙坦(Candesartan)对糖尿病大鼠心肌纤维化及氧化应激、NF-κB表达的影响。方法:30只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组(NC组)、糖尿病组(DM组)和坎地沙坦干预组(Cand组)。腹腔注射链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病大鼠模型,Cand组于造模成功后给予坎地沙坦8mg/(kg·d)灌胃。12周末取血及心脏标本,测定血糖、心脏质量指数(HMI)及左心室质量指数(LVMI);Masson染色观察心肌形态及测算心肌间质胶原容积分数(CVF)(%),测定血清和左心室心肌组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性及还原型谷光甘肽(GSH)含量变化;Western法及免疫组织化学方法检测左心室心肌NF-κB p65及TNF-α蛋白表达水平。结果:与NC组比较,DM组HMI、LVMI显著增加(P<0.01),血清及心肌MDA含量显著增高,GSH含量及SOD活性均显著降低(P<0.05);心肌NF-κB p65及TNF-α表达明显升高;心肌细胞排列紊乱,胶原纤维增多,CVF明显升高(P<0.01)。与DM组比较,Cand组HMI、LVMI降低(P<0.05),血清及心肌MDA含量降低,SOD及GSH明显增高(P<0.05);Cand组心肌NF-κB p65及TNF-α表达明显减少(P<0.01);心肌间质纤维减少,CVF下降(P<0.01)。结论:坎地沙坦可通过抑制氧化应激及NF-κB活化、下调TNF-α表达,抑制糖尿病心肌纤维化。     

核转录因子κB在非酒精性脂肪肝大鼠肝组织中的表达

目的观察高脂饮食诱导的非酒精性脂肪肝大鼠肝组织核转录因子κB(NF-κB)的表达、脂质过氧化损伤及血清细胞因子的变化情况,探讨非酒精性脂肪肝的发病机制.方法20只大鼠随机分为正常组10只、模型组10只,模型组予高脂饲料喂养,正常组予普通标准饲料喂养,连续12周,观察肝组织的病理改变,免疫组化法检测大鼠肝组织NF-κBp65的表达,TBA法检测肝匀浆MDA含量,黄嘌呤氧化酶法检测肝匀浆SOD活力,放免法测定血清中TNF-α、IL-6的含量,硝酸还原酶法检测血清NO含量.结果模型组大鼠肝组织可见重度脂肪变、炎症细胞浸润、肝细胞坏死、汇管区渗出.NF-κBp65在模型组大鼠肝组织中表达较在正常组中明显增高(P＜0.01),模型组大鼠肝匀浆MDA含量和血清TNF-α、IL-6、NO含量均较正常组明显升高,肝匀浆SOD活力则较正常组明显降低(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).结论高脂饮食可引起大鼠肝脏发生非酒精性脂肪变性,NF-κB参与了高脂饮食诱导的非酒精性脂肪肝损伤过程,在其发生发展中可能起重要作用.     

原花青素对CLA大鼠足爪组织中NF-κB／p6S蛋白和血清中某些促炎性细胞因子表达的影响

目的研究原花青素对Ⅱ型胶原诱导的类风湿性关节炎（CIA）大鼠足爪组织中核转录因子NF-κB／p65蛋白表达的抑制作用和血清中炎性细胞因子IL-1β、TNF-α等水平的影响。方法建立Ⅱ型胶原诱导的CIA大鼠模型，免疫组化法检测足爪组织中NF-κB／p65蛋白的表达，ELISA法检测CIA大鼠血清中IL-1β和TNF-α的含量。结果原花青素能剂量依赖性地下调NF-κB／p65蛋白的表达，降低CIA大鼠血清中TNF-α和IL-1β的水平。结论原花青素对CIA大鼠炎症的抑制作用可能与其下调NF—KB／p65蛋白表达、降低促炎性细胞因子TNF-α、IL-1β的水平有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.