腹腔镜胰体尾切除32例体会

目的总结腹腔镜胰体尾切除术(laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy,LDP)的手术体会,探讨其治疗胰体尾肿物的可行性和临床应用价值。 方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2019年12月就诊于沧州市人民医院肝胆外科诊断为胰体尾部占位性病变,行LDP的32例患者的临床资料。其中男12例、女20例,年龄13～75岁,平均(41.3±3.7)岁;术中根据肿物性质、肿物与脾血管解剖关系以及术中脾脏具体的损伤程度决定是否保留脾脏。 结果本研究纳入的32例胰体尾部占位性病变的患者中,仅有1例患者因肿瘤较晚侵犯了部分横结肠所以选择了中转开腹行胰腺尾部肿瘤＋部分横结肠切除术,其余31例患者均顺利在腹腔镜下完成胰体尾肿瘤切除术。其中行保留脾脏的腹腔镜胰体尾切除术(spleen preserving laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy,SPLDP)12例[其中应用Kimura法(脾血管保留) 8例、应用Warshaw法(脾血管切除)4例],腹腔镜联合脾脏胰体尾切除术20例。平均手术时间(252 ±75)min,平均术中出血量(162±51)ml;平均术后住院时间(11.6±3.2)d。32例胰体尾占位性病变患者的术后病理分别为：实性假乳头状瘤10例、浆液性囊腺瘤6例、黏液性囊腺瘤4例、神经内分泌肿瘤4例、腺癌3例、导管内乳头状黏液瘤3例、胰腺假性囊肿1例、胰尾部外伤性损伤1例。术后并发症：胰瘘10例,该10例患者通过保证创面通畅引流,同时给予抗感染、抑制胰液分泌等对症治疗后好转痊愈出院;乳糜漏1例,术后通畅引流,逐渐退管、闭管后好转痊愈出院;腹腔出血1例,通过给予生长抑素、止血药等保守治疗后痊愈出院;术后新发糖尿病5例,术后内分泌科随诊控制血糖。 结论LDP治疗胰体尾肿瘤是安全有效的,但是需要具有丰富腹腔镜手术经验的术者实施,术前综合精准评估制订良好的手术策略,术中熟练的手术操作技巧是提高LDP安全性、降低术后并发症的关键。     

腹腔镜胰体尾切除术6例报告

目的探讨腹腔镜胰体尾切除术（laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy,LDP）治疗胰体尾肿瘤的临床价值。方法2008年6月～2013年6月,行LDP6例,年龄33～76岁,平均45．8岁。其中胰腺体尾部实性占位4例,囊实性占位2例。结果手术均在全腹腔镜下一次成功。手术时间125～365min,平均250min。出血量50～350ml,平均168ml。术后病理报告胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤1例,黏液性囊腺瘤1例,囊腺癌4例。1例术后胰漏,经保持引流通畅、抑制胰酶分泌等保守治疗痊愈。术后住院5～19d,平均7．8d。结论LDP创伤小,术后恢复快,是治疗胰体尾肿瘤安全、可行的方法,但术者需有丰富的腹腔镜手术和胰腺外科手术经验。     

治疗性腹腔镜胰腺手术的临床应用

目的探讨腹腔镜手术治疗胰腺疾病的临床应用价值。方法2002年6月~2004年12月共对7例胰腺疾病患者施行腹腔镜了手术,其中囊腺癌2例,潴留性囊肿2例,副脾1例,胰岛细胞瘤1例,假性囊肿1例。手术种类包括:胰体尾切除术4例(其中保脾1例),囊肿剜除术2例,囊肿空肠吻合术1例。结果手术均在全腹腔镜下一次成功,平均手术时间278.8(95~465)m in,平均出血121.5(50~300)m l。1例发生胰漏,经保守治疗痊愈。术后平均住院7.15(4~8)d。结论腹腔镜技术治疗胰腺疾病具有创伤小、恢复快等优点值得在临床中进一步推广。     

��ǻ���������������������е�Ӧ�ü�����

胰腺囊性肿瘤生物学行为多样。手术是治疗胰腺囊腺瘤惟一有效方法。目前,腹腔镜治疗胰腺囊性肿瘤术式包括胰腺囊肿剜除术、腹腔镜下保留脾或不保留脾的胰体尾切除术、腹腔镜胰腺节段切除、胰腺假性囊肿引流术及腹腔镜下胰十二指肠切除术或全胰切除术。腹腔镜治疗胰腺囊性肿瘤具有创伤小、并发症少、术后恢复快等优点,是未来胰腺囊性肿瘤治疗的主要方式。     

脾血管优先技术在腹腔镜保留脾脏胰体尾切除术中的应用

[摘 要] 目的 探讨脾血管优先技术在腹腔镜保留脾脏胰体尾切除术中的应用。方法 回顾性分析2011年6月至2017年12月浙江省人民医院和浙江省长兴县人民医院采用腹腔镜保留脾脏胰体尾切除术治疗的58例胰体尾良性或交界性占位病变患者的临床资料。结果 中转开腹2例;余56例均顺利完成手术,其中保留脾动、静脉的保脾胰体尾切除术（Kimura法）53例,离断脾血管、保留胃短血管的保脾胰体尾切除术（Warshaw法）3例。手术时间65～220（160±30）min,出血量30～500（100±25）mL,术后住院时间5～21（8±5）d。术后并发生化瘘15例,B级胰瘘2例,C级胰瘘1例,腹腔出血1例,腹腔脓肿2例,肺部感染2例。术后病理诊断为胰腺内分泌肿瘤8例,胰腺导管内乳头状黏液瘤10例,胰腺实性假乳头状瘤12例,黏液性囊腺瘤10例,浆液性囊腺瘤13例,慢性胰腺炎肿块5例。结论 脾血管优先技术具有简便、安全的特点,有助于主动选择术式和规划手术路径,提高腹腔镜胰尾切除术的安全性和保脾成功率。     

腹腔镜胰体尾切除30例报告

目的探讨腹腔镜胰体尾切除的安全性和可行性。方法 2013年1月~2016年6月对30例胰体尾占位性病变施行腹腔镜下胰体尾切除。术中定位肿物及胰腺切线,充分游离胰颈并应用Endo-GIA切断胰腺,根据肿物性质及肿物与脾血管关系决定是否保留脾脏。结果 4例因脾血管出血难以控制中转开腹。行腹腔镜保留脾脏胰体尾切除15例,其中保留脾血管的保脾胰体尾切除(Kimura法)10例,手术时间210~260 min,(232±14)min,术中出血量120~200 ml,(165±21)ml;不保留脾血管的保脾胰体尾切除(Warshaw法)5例,手术时间110~170 min,中位手术时间135 min,术中出血量50~130ml,中位出血量80 ml。胰体尾及脾切除11例,手术时间95~190 min,(137±31)min,术中出血量30~150 ml,(83±41)ml。术后住院时间7~22 d,(12.2±2.4)d。术后病理:黏液性囊腺瘤9例,实性假乳头状瘤7例,神经内分泌肿瘤6例,浆液性囊腺瘤3例,胰腺囊肿3例,导管内乳头状黏液瘤1例,异位脾脏1例。术后胰漏发生率36.7%(11/30),部分脾梗死1例。21例随访中位时间15个月(6~36个月),未见肿瘤复发。结论对于胰体尾良性、交界性或低度恶性肿瘤,选择腹腔镜下胰体尾切除安全可行,创伤小,恢复快。     

腹腔镜保脾胰体尾切除八例的手术经验

目的总结保留脾脏腹腔镜胰体尾切除术的临床经验与手术技巧。方法自2003年11月至2008年2月,我们对8例胰体尾部良性占位病变患者施行保留脾脏腹腔镜胰体尾切除术。结果本组8例均在腹腔镜下完成,其中1例合并胆囊切除,1例合并右肾上腺肿瘤切除,1例合并子宫肌瘤挖出、左卵巢畸胎瘤挖出,1例合并子宫肌瘤挖出。本组手术时间120—290min,出血量150—600ml。术后住院时间3～9d,无胰漏发生。术后病理诊断：潴留性囊肿2例,浆液性囊腺瘤1例,黏液性囊腺瘤2例,上皮性囊肿2例,先天性囊肿1例。随访9～60个月,症状消失,未见复发。结论对于胰体尾部良性病变,可行保留脾脏的胰体尾部切除,对拥有丰富高级腹腔镜手术经验的术者,开展保留脾脏的腹腔镜胰体尾切除术是安全可行的。     

保留脾血管的腹腔镜胰体尾切除术

目的:探讨保留脾脏血管腹腔镜胰体尾切除术的可行性与安全性。方法:回顾分析2011年3月至2014年7月为38例患者行保留脾血管腹腔镜胰体尾部肿瘤手术的临床资料。结果:手术时间116~295 min,平均(170.5±50.2)min;术中失血量15~565 ml,平均(112.3±33.6)ml;均未输血。病理检查结果示胰腺导管腺癌11例,浆液性囊腺瘤6例,黏液性囊腺瘤9例,黏液性囊腺瘤局部癌变2例,胰岛素瘤4例,实性假乳头状肿瘤6例。术后3例发生胰漏,经保守治疗好转。余者术后均恢复顺利,无并发症发生,术后平均住院(7.36±2.13)d。结论:腹腔镜保留脾脏血管胰体尾切除术是有效治疗远端胰腺肿瘤的新术式,具有微创优势,安全、可行。     

腹腔镜胰体尾切除术的临床应用(附5例报告)

目的:探讨腹腔镜胰体尾切除术(laparoscop ic d istal pancreatectomy,LDP)治疗胰体尾肿瘤的临床价值。方法:2002年6月~2005年12月我院行LDP5例(保留脾脏1例),平均39.8(31~48)岁。其中胰腺体尾部实性占位2例,囊实性占位3例。结果:手术均在全腹腔镜下一次成功,平均手术时间305(95~465)m in,平均出血140(50~300)m l。1例发生胰漏,经保守治疗痊愈。术后平均住院9.8(5~18)d。结论:LDP创伤小、术后恢复快,是治疗胰体尾肿瘤安全、可行的方法。     

腹腔镜保留脾脏胰体尾切除术治疗胰腺囊性疾病6例报告

目的总结腹腔镜保留脾脏胰体尾切除术的临床经验与手术技巧。方法自2003年11月至2006年7月，我们对6例胰腺囊性疾病患者施行保留脾血管的腹腔镜保留脾脏胰体尾切除术。结果本组6例均在腹腔镜下完成，其中1例合并右肾上腺肿瘤切除，1例合并子宫肌瘤切除、左卵巢畸胎瘤切除，1例合并子宫肌瘤切除，1例合并胆囊切除。手术时间140～265min，出血350～600ml。术后住院时间4—9d，无胰漏发生。随访1—31个月，症状消失，未见复发。病理诊断：潴留性囊肿2例，浆液性囊腺瘤2例，黏液性囊腺瘤2例。结论对于胰体尾部良性病变，应首选保留脾血管的腹腔镜保留脾脏胰体尾切除术，施行保留脾血管的腹腔镜保留脾脏胰体尾切除术是安全可行的。     

腹腔镜远端胰腺切除的临床应用

目的 总结腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术的临床应用与手术技巧.方法 回顾性分析腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术治疗胰体尾肿瘤10例的临床资料.结果 10例胰体尾肿瘤中8例成功完成腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术,其中1例为保脾远端胰腺切除术,中转开腹手术2例,1例因胰腺癌侵及周围脏器,1例因术中出血.腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术平均手术时间为141±35 min(95～195 min),平均出血263±151 ml(100～600 ml),术后平均住院7±1 d(5～9 d),全部患者均治愈.术后病理诊断实性假乳头状瘤4例、黏液性囊腺瘤3例、胰岛细胞瘤1例,胰腺导管腺癌2例.结论 腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术最佳适应证是胰腺体尾部良性肿瘤及早期恶性肿瘤,具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少的优点,是治疗胰体尾良性肿瘤及早期恶性肿瘤的安全有效的微创疗法.

Abstract：

Objective To summarize the clinical applications and surgical technique of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP). Method The clinical data of 10 cases of pancreatic body and tail tumors undergoing laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy were retrospectively analyzed.Results Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) was successfully undertaken in 8 cases (including spleen preserving distal pancreatectomy in one case ). Intraoperatively two cases were converted to open surgery because of peripancreatic organs involvement by cancer in one case and massive bleeding in another case during laparoscopic procedures. The average operation time of LDP was 141 ± 35 min (95 -195 min),mean blood loss was 263 ± 151 ml( 100 -600 ml), average postoperative hospital stay was 7 ± 1 days (5 -9 days ). There was no major postoperative complications and no mortality. Final pathology was solid psedopapillary tumor in 4 cases, mucinous cystadenoma in 3 cases and islet cell tumor in 1 case, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in 2 cases, hence 80% of tumors were benign. Conclusions LDP is indicated for benign body and tail pancreatic tumors and early malignant tumor of pancreatic body and tail. Being less traumatic, and fewer complications, LDP is a safe, effective and minimally invasive therapy.     

胰体尾部肿瘤的手术切除

摘要：目的 探讨胰体尾部肿瘤的外科治疗方法。方法 近18年来，采用手术治疗胰体尾部肿瘤45例，其中恶性肿瘤33例，良性肿瘤12例；行远端胰腺切除17例，联合脏器切除24例，肿瘤局部切除4例。结果 病理类型：胰体尾癌33例，胰岛细胞瘤8例，囊腺瘤2例，上皮样纤维瘤1例，囊性畸胎瘤1例。切除肿瘤最大径：胰体尾癌平均为（8.0±2.6）cm；胰岛细胞瘤平均为（6.5±2.4）cm。无手术死亡病例。术后并发症：胰瘘2例，膈下脓肿2例，胰腺假性囊肿1例，上消化道出血 1例，切口感染或愈合不良3例，均经非手术疗法治愈。结论 远端胰腺切除术是治疗胰体尾部肿瘤的有效方法；术前需常规做好联合脏器切除的准备；胰腺残端的处理选用主胰管结扎加褥式缝合法可有效避免胰瘘的发生。     

腹腔镜胰岛细胞瘤切除术的临床应用

目的探讨腹腔镜胰岛细胞瘤手术切除的可行性。方法 2007年9月至2009年8月,经临床筛选胰岛细胞瘤病例8例,无功能性2例,功能性6例。病灶直径1.2～4.5cm,平均(2.7±0.7)cm。术前行腹部超声、超声造影、内镜超声、CT、MIR及DSA进行定位,必要时行术中超声,确保肿瘤完全切除干净,术后放置引流管,防止胰漏。结果 8例完全腹腔镜下胰岛细胞瘤除,其中沿包膜完整切除4例,连同部分胰腺组织切除2例,胰体尾加脾脏切除1例,保留脾脏胰尾部切除1例。手术时间90～320min,平均(220.9±71.9)min,出血量50～800ml,平均(350.6±210.5)ml。术中未出现不能控制的并发症,术后腹腔引流管放置时间5～14d。其中1例拔管后发生胰漏,形成腹腔内包裹性囊肿。其他无胰漏、出血等并发症,术后平均住院7.4d。结论腹腔镜胰岛细胞瘤切除术是安全、微创、可行,可达到开腹完整切除的目的,值得临床推广使用。     

Laparoscopic resection of the pancreas and review of the literature

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic pancreatic surgery still is not a common procedure worldwide. Postoperative complications such as a pancreatic leakage cause a serious condition. We report our consecutive laparoscopic pancreatic resections of islet cell tumors or benign diseases and their outcomes. METHOD: Laparoscopic pancreatic resections were attempted in three patients. Preoperative diagnoses were insulinoma in two patients and cystadenoma in one patient. The lesions were located in the pancreas body in two patients and the pancreas tail in one patient. Their sizes ranged from 1 to 6 cm in diameter (mean, 3 cm). RESULTS: We performed distal pancreatectomy using an endoscopic linear stapler with conservation of the spleen in two patients and enucleation in one patient. Of the distal pancreatectomies, the splenic artery and vein were preserved in one patient, whereas in the other they were divided. There were no perioperative complications in any of the cases. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 10 days (range, 7-14 days). There were no episodes of hypoglycemia or recurrence during the mean follow-up period of 25 months (range, 11-36 months). CONCLUSIONS: Although laparoscopic pancreatic resection of selected patients is a feasible and safe procedure in the hands of experienced laparoscopic surgeons, patients must be carefully observed after surgery to avoid serious conditions by pancreatic fistula.     

胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤18例报告

目的 探讨胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤的诊断和治疗方法.方法 对1999年10月-2010年10月中国医科大学附属第一医院收治的18例胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 18例患者中,男3例(16.7%),女15例(83.3%).肿瘤发生在胰体尾部12例(66.7%),胰头部3例(16.7%),胰颈部3例(16.7%),瘤体平均最大径6.5 cm.肿瘤无特异性临床表现,肿瘤体积越大,症状越明显.CT是主要的影像学检查方法,诊断正确率为61.1%.18例均接受手术治疗,其中胰十二指肠切除术3例,胰体尾脾切除术5例,保脾胰体尾切除术5例,胰腺中段切除术3例,肿瘤摘除术2例.10例术后发生胰瘘(55.6%),均治愈.随访6～125个月,平均48.3个月,未见复发.结论 CT是胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤主要的影像学检查方法,对伴有临床症状、难以定性的胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤应手术治疗.浆液性囊腺瘤手术切除后可治愈.     

Cystadenomas of the pancreas

Cystadenomas of the pancreas are rare tumors. They represent about 10% of the pancreatic cystic masses. Several hundred cases seem to have been reported so far. These tumors appear as serous and mucinous. Over 13 years period (1983-1996) we treated 22 patients for cystadenoma of the pancreas. All patients were women. There were 6 serous and 16 mucinous cystadenomas. The average age in the serous group was 31 years (ranging from 23 to 42 years) and 43 years (ranging 17-64) in mucinous group. Two patients had tumor in the head, 20 others in the tail and body of the pancreas. The diameter of these tumors varied from 3.5 to 17.0 cm (average 9.6 cm). The leading symptoms were epigastric or left subcostal pain in 19 patients, palpable mass in 10, weight loss in 5, vomiting in 5, and melena in one patient. Tumor was accidentally found in a women undergoing abdominal operation for enteric fistula after hysterectomy. Serum amylase was moderately elevated in two patients. Diagnosis of pancreatic cystadenoma was proposed preoperatively in 16 patients (72.7%). In other cases, diagnoses of pancreatic cysts in 5 patients or hydatid cyst in 1 patient were made. An ideal operative removal (excision) was done in 7 patients, both excision of the tumor and splenectomy in 2, while distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy were carried out in 13 others. There was no mortality. One female patient developed left subphrenic abscess and left pleural effusion which were successfully treated by drainage and thoracocenthesis. One patient developed transient pancreatic fistula. All patients have been under close follow-up from 6 months to 13 years and all stayed symptom free so far.     

���ٽ�Һ��������20�����η���

??Analysis of diagnosis and treatment of 20 cases of pancreatic serous cystadenoma ZHANG Lei, WANG Ke-wei,KONG Fan-min??et al. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital,China Medical University,Shenyang 110001,China
Corresponding author:KONG Fan-min, E-mail:kong_fanmin@yahoo.com.cn
Abstract Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of serous cystadenoma of the pancreas. Methods The clinical data of 20 patients with serous cystadenoma of the pancreas which were admitted into the First Hospital of China Medical University from April 2006 to April 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Results There were 6 males (30%) and 14 females(70%).Tumors were present in the pancreatic body and tail in 15 cases,in the pancreatic head in 5 cases.The mean diameter of the tumor was 5.7cm. The clinical manifestations of upper abdominal discomfort 15 cases,abdominal pain and bloating 8 cases, including mild nausea 2 cases, jaundice 1 case. Ultrasound and CT lesion detection rate was 100%, the ultrasound localization rate 83.3%, CT 100%. All 20 patients received surgical resection. Duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection in 1 case,pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed in 4 cases, central pancreatectomy in 2 case, distal pancreatectomy with splean in 7 cases, and spleen preserving distal pancreatectomy in 6 cases. Postoperative pancreatic fistula and intra-abdominal infections developed in 5 cases,Fistula was healed by conservative therapy in all these 5 cases. No perioperative deaths, postoperative followed up from 12 to 79 months,The median survival time 39.5 months.Found no recurrence. Conclusions Ultrasound and CT was main imaging examination for serous cystadenoma of the pancreas,and Accurate early detection and positioning lesions,Surgical resection should be adopted for serous cystadenoma of the pancreas with uncertain malignancy. Surgery should be benign surgical principles, try to retain the organs, reduce surgical trauma, serous cystadenoma prognosis is good.     

Pancreatic solid serous cystadenoma treated by laparoscopy: Presentation of a new case report and review of the literature

Solid serous cystadenoma is an uncommon benign pancreatic tumor, with only, including this case, 21 cases published so far. It is often misdiagnosis with other malignant pancreatic tumors.Below we report a new case of a solid serous cystadenoma of the pancreas treated by laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy in 53-year-old female who presented with epigastric pain. Histological and immunohistochemical examination revealed a solid serous cystadenoma of the pancreas. Preoperative diagnosis of this subtype of serous cystadenoma is difficult, and, due to its benign nature, conservative resection of the tumor is the recommended treatment.After analyzing the literature, including this case from our department, we discuss clinical presentation, imaging characteristics and histopathological findings, considering in particular difficulties in preoperative diagnosis, feasibility of laparoscopic resection.     

腹腔镜胰腺远端切除术26例

目的探讨腹腔镜胰腺远端切除术的安全性、可行性。方法2005年9月～2008年6月,对26例胰腺体尾部肿物行腹腔镜胰腺远端切除术。术前25例诊断为胰腺体尾部良性肿物,1例不除外恶性,肿物中位直径5cm（1.2～10cm）。结果所有手术均在全腹腔镜下完成。15例行保留脾脏的胰体尾切除（10例保留脾动静脉,5例未保留脾动静脉）,10例行胰体尾加脾切除,1例既往行胰体尾及脾切除者行胰体部切除。手术中位时间268.5min（129～400min）,中位出血量100ml（50～800ml）,术后中位住院时间9d（6～21d）。无胰漏或脾梗死发生,2例包裹性积液,均保守治疗治愈,1例引流管口感染。26例中位随访时间15.5月（1～35个月）,均无复发。结论胰腺体尾部良性肿物行腹腔镜胰腺远端切除术安全、可行。