不同纤维支气管镜下取材方法对肺癌术后复发的诊断价值

目的 探讨纤维支气管镜(纤维镜)下不同取材方法对肺癌术后复发的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析43例肺癌术后复发患者,分别统计钳检、刷检、经纤支镜针吸活检及经纤支镜肺活检这四种取材方法的诊断阳性率.结果 单纯刷检、钳检、经纤支镜针吸活检及经纤支镜肺活检的阳性率分别为84.8%、53.5%、71.4%和75.0%,联合取材的总阳性率为95.1%(39/41).结论 采取适当的联合取材方法能显著提高肺癌术后肺内复发的诊断阳性率.     

纤支镜活检组织癌细胞原代培养药敏检测意义的初步探讨

目的：探索经纤支镜活检肺癌组织进行原代癌细胞培养、体外药敏试验的可行性，试图减少临床肺癌化疗的盲目性。方法：对４６例经纤支镜活检肺癌组织进行原代细胞培养，并用ＭＴＴ法首次对培养成功者行长春新碱（ＶＣＲ）、足叶乙甙（ＶＰ１０）顺铂（ＤＤＰ）三种药药敏检测；临床应用（ＣＯＥＰ）或ＣＯＦＰ基本方案化疗一疗程，２月－３月后复产与体外药敏结果相比较。结果：１０例培养成功者药敏检测均结果。７例体外药的敏感者，     

不同纤支镜取材方法对肺癌术后复发的诊断价值探讨

目的 探讨纤维支气管镜下不同取材方法对肺癌术后复发的诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析43例肺癌术后复发患者,分别统计钳检、刷检、经纤支镜针吸活检及经纤支镜肺活检这四种取材方法的诊断阳性率。结果 单纯刷检、钳检、经纤支镜针吸活检及经纤支镜肺活检的阳性率分别为84.8％、53.5％、71.4％和75.0％,联合取材的总阳性率为95.3％。结论 采取适当的联合取材方法能显著提高肺癌术后肺内复发的诊断阳性率。     

结核分枝杆菌快速培养对肺结核的诊断价值

目的 评价纤维支气管镜（以下简称纤支镜）支气管肺泡灌洗液的结核分枝杆菌快速培养对不典型肺结核的诊断价值.方法 选无痰或痰菌阴性的不典型肺结核患者98例行纤支镜检查,进行活检、刷检、BALF经BBL MGIT分枝杆菌快速培养查结核杆菌.结果 98例经纤支镜刷检、BALF快速培养结核分枝杆菌检出率分别为67.4%,85.7%;其中30例经纤支镜肺活检,20例病理证实为结核肉芽肿,检出率为66.7%.结论 纤支镜对无痰或痰菌阴性下BALF行结核分枝杆菌快速培养对不典型肺结核具有较高的诊断价值,快速、阳性率较高.根据镜下所见采用不同的取材方法可望提高诊断率.     

纤维支气管镜对肺癌的诊断意义

纤维支气管镜(纤支镜)的临床应用为肺癌的病理学诊断提供了安全简便的手段。纤支镜的检查技术主要有活检、刷检、支气管肺泡灌洗,各项技术检查阳性率不同。现对我院1992年12月至1998年6月曾经纤支镜检查且资料完整的58例住院病人有关纤支镜检查结果进行分析,以评价活检、刷检和活刷 刷检在肺癌诊断中的意义。材料和方法58例肺癌患者均经病理学或/和细胞学证实,男53例,女5例,年龄24～81岁,平均615岁。检查用Ｏ1ｙｍｐｕｓＰ10型纤支镜。活检及刷检标本取材后立即用95%酒精固定。活检标本一般取材3～5块。各项技术阳性率比较之显著性检验用ｘ2…     

2670例肺癌支气管镜下表现与病理类型的关系分析

目的 探讨肺癌组织学类型与纤维支气管镜下形态学的关系,及纤维支气管镜(纤支镜)检查在肺癌的病理诊断中的价值及应用.方法 对2005年1月至2008年6月经病理证实的2670例肺癌患者纤支镜检查结果 进行临床和病理回顾性分析.纤支镜检查发现可疑病变后即在直视下钳检、刷检,送病理学检查.结果 纤支镜下肺癌的形态特点为管内增殖型1467例(54.9%)、管壁浸润型723例(27.1%)、管外压迫型90例(3.4%)、混合型326例(12.2%)和正常型64例(2.4%).2670例肺癌中仍以鳞状细胞癌最为常见,占44.9%;鳞状细胞癌、小细胞癌以中央型为多,在纤支镜下呈现增殖型;腺癌以周围型为多,在纤支镜下常呈浸润型.结论 纤支镜检查在肺癌诊断中具有重要价值,通过纤支镜所见形态特征可以推测肺癌的可能组织类型.     

纤维支气管镜活检观察肺癌的超微结构

13例肺癌患者在纤支镜检时活检作电镜观察,与光镜的组织学诊断结果作比较,有4例肺癌的组织类型作了更改,表明肺癌的组织学分型从超微结构检查更精确。纤支镜下活检取材简便易行。本文尚对各型肺癌的超微结构特征进行了讨论。     

纤维支气管镜刷片细胞学检查在临床肺癌诊断中的应用

目的探讨纤支镜刷片细胞学检查在临床肺癌诊断中的应用.方法收集昆明医学院第三附属医院2009年经纤支镜刷片细胞学诊断为肺癌的患者399例,纤支镜刷片细胞学及纤支镜活检病理学对肺癌进行诊断.结果纤支镜刷片细胞学诊断肺癌灵敏度为81.7%、特异度为98.9%,符合率为85.1%,均低于病理学诊断（87.2%、100%、89.8%）,两者比较灵敏度、符合率的差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;纤支镜刷片细胞学与组织学分型符合一致性检验,Kappa值为0.809.结论纤支镜刷片细胞学检查是一种诊断肺癌及组织分型的可靠方法.     

91例中央型肺癌纤支镜检查与病理类型分析

分析91例中央型肺癌3种病理类型与纤支镜检表现、取材的关系．并对提高纤支镜活检取材的阳性率进行讨论．     

91例中央型肺癌纤支镜检查与病理类型分析

分析９１例中央型肺癌３种病理类型与纤支镜检表现，取材的关系，并对提高纤支镜活检取材的阳性率进行讨论。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.