经皮椎间孔镜与椎板开窗髓核摘除术治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症的疗效比较

目的比较经皮椎间孔镜和椎板开窗髓核摘除术治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2012-06—2014-02诊治的单节段同侧椎板开窗髓核摘除术后复发性腰椎间盘突出症42例,采用经皮椎间孔镜技术治疗18例(椎间孔镜组),采用椎板开窗髓核摘除术治疗24例(椎板开窗组)。采用VAS评分和ODI指数评价2组手术疗效。结果 2组均获得随访8~12个月,平均10.7个月。2组术后腰痛、腿痛VAS评分及ODI指数较术前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。椎间孔镜组与椎板开窗组术后1 d、1个月、6个月、末次随访时腰痛VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。椎间孔镜组术后1 d腿痛VAS评分低于椎板开窗组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);但2组术后1个月、6个月、末次随访时的腿痛VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论经皮椎间孔镜手术是治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症的有效方法,但手术费用较昂贵,学习曲线长。     

经皮椎间孔镜技术与小切口椎板开窗髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效比较

目的比较经皮椎间孔镜技术与小切口椎板开窗髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效。方法将166例腰椎间盘突出症患者随机分为两组,每组83例,对照组采用小切口椎板开窗髓核摘除术,观察组采用经皮椎间孔镜技术。比较两组手术相关指标、疼痛缓解和功能恢复情况、临床疗效及并发症发生情况。结果患者均获得3个月随访。切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量及住院时间观察组均优于对照组(P 0. 001)。术后3个月,两组VAS评分、JOA评分及临床治疗有效率比较差异均无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。并发症发生率观察组低于对照组(P 0. 05)。结论经皮椎间孔镜技术与小切口椎板开窗髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症临床疗效相当,但经皮椎间孔镜技术损伤少,并发症少,住院时间短。     

经皮椎间孔镜下髓核摘除术治疗青少年腰椎间盘突出症

目的总结经皮椎间孔镜下髓核摘除术治疗青少年腰椎间盘突出症治疗的效果。方法随机将70例腰椎间盘突出症青少年患者分为2组,各35例。观察组给予经皮椎间孔镜下髓核摘除术,对照组患者给予小切口髓核摘除术,比较2组的治疗效果。结果 2组手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组切口长度、住院时间明显低于对照组,有效率高于对照组,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论经皮椎间孔镜下髓核摘除术治疗青少年腰椎间盘突出症有效率高,术后恢复快。     

经皮椎间孔镜TESSYS技术治疗老年腰椎间盘突出症

目的比较经皮椎间孔镜TESSYS技术与经后路椎板开窗髓核摘除术的手术疗效。方法回顾性分析自2013-05—2017-10诊治的68例年腰椎间盘突出症,30例采用经皮椎间孔镜TESSYS技术治疗(观察组),38例采用经后路椎板开窗髓核摘除术治疗(对照组)。比较2组手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间,比较2组术后1 d、3个月、6个月疼痛VAS评分及ODI指数、末次随访时改良MacNab标准评分。结果 68例均获得随访,随访时间6～13个月,平均8.6个月。观察术后2例髓核残留,2例出现一过性下肢麻木;对照组3例出现脑脊液漏,3例出现腰部疼痛并且症状反复,1例出现马尾神经损伤,对症治疗后均治愈。观察组手术时间较对照组长,术中出血量较对照组少,住院时间较对照组短,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。术后1 d观察组疼痛VAS评分与ODI指数均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05),但术后3个月及术后6个月2组疼痛VAS评分及ODI指数比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。末次随访时2组改良MacNab评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论经皮椎间孔镜TESSYS技术治疗老年腰椎间盘突出症,创伤小,能迅速缓解疼痛,并发症少,疗效满意。     

经皮内镜椎间孔入路椎间盘髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的效果

目的探讨经皮内镜椎间孔入路腰椎间盘髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效。方法 2013-01-2017-01对30例腰椎间盘突出症患者行经皮内镜椎间孔入路腰椎间盘髓核摘除术治疗,疗效评定依据视觉模拟量表(Visual Analogue Scale,VAS)、Macnab腰腿痛评定标准。结果随访3~12个月,平均6个月。术前VAS评分(8.166±0.874)分,术后3天(1.567±0.504)分,术后4周(1.067.±0.254)分,术后12周(0.967±0.183)分,手术前后结果差异有统计学意义(P0.05);Macnab腰腿痛评定标准结果为优18例,良9例,可3例,差0例,优良率90%。结论经皮内镜椎间孔入路腰椎间盘髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症是一种优化手术方法。     

不同入路经皮椎间孔镜下髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症效果分析

目的探讨不同椎板间入路经皮椎间孔镜下髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症中的效果。方法随机将97例接受经皮椎间孔镜下髓核摘除术的腰椎间盘突出症患者分为2组。对照组48例经椎间孔侧后方入路,观察组49例经后路椎板间入路。比较2组手术效果、术中出血量、手术时间及手术前后疼痛评分(VAS)。结果 2组治疗优良率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组术中出血量及手术时间均优于对照组,VAS评分低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论经椎间孔侧后方和经后路椎板间入路经皮椎间孔镜下髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症均效果肯定。其中后路椎板间入路手术时间短,术中出血量少,疼痛缓解明显。     

经皮椎间孔镜下髓核切除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症效果分析

目的 探讨经皮椎间孔镜下髓核切除术(PTED)治疗腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)的效果和安全性.方法 收集沈丘县人民医院骨科2019-01—2021-01收治的82例LDH患者的临床资料.分为PTED组和小切口椎板间开窗髓核摘除术(SIIF)组,各41例.比较2组围术期手术指标.术前及术后1个月以视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评价...     

经皮内镜椎板间入路髓核摘除术联合纤维环修复治疗L5S1椎间盘突出症

目的比较经皮内镜椎板间入路髓核摘除术联合纤维环修复与单纯行经皮内镜椎板间入路髓核摘除术治疗L5S1椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2017-02—2018-09采用手术治疗的76例L5S1椎间盘突出症,35例采用经皮内镜椎板间入路髓核摘除术联合纤维环修复术治疗(观察组),41例单纯采用经皮内镜椎板间入路髓核摘除术治疗(对照组),比较2组术后L5S1椎间盘突出症复发情况、术后1、3、12个月疼痛VAS评分与ODI指数,以及术后12个月改良Macnab评分。结果2组均获得完整随访,随访时间12~23个月,平均16.1个月,无脑脊液漏、神经根损伤、椎管内血肿等并发症,术后观察组无复发L5S1椎间盘突出症,对照组6例复发L5S1椎间盘突出症,经对症治疗后治愈,观察组术后复发率较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组手术时间、术中出血量、术后1、3、12个月疼痛VAS评分与ODI指数、术后12个月改良Macnab评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论经皮内镜椎板间入路髓核摘除术联合纤维环修复治疗L5S1椎间盘突出症能够有效降低术后椎间盘突出症的复发率,获得良好的早期疗效,值得临床推广。     

椎间孔镜单通道治疗重度脱出移位型腰椎间盘突出症

[目的]探讨椎间孔镜靶向单通道下髓核摘除术(TO-PETD)治疗青年重度脱出移位型腰椎间盘突出症(HMLDH)的安全性和有效性。[方法] 2014年3月～2017年12月入住本院且手术治疗的重度脱出移位型青年腰椎间盘突出症患者51例,椎板开窗单纯髓核摘除术(FD) 18例。比较两组VAS腿痛和腰痛评分、ODI评分和改良MacNab评分、手术节段椎间隙高度变化。[结果] TO-PETD组在术中出血量、术后止痛药应用比例及住院时间方面小于FD组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),TO-PETD组手术时间长于FD组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。两组早期并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。随访12～36个月,平均(21.68±7.52)个月。两组手术前后VAS-下肢痛评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后1 d、术后1个月VAS-腰痛评分及术后1个月ODI评分,TO-PETD组小于FD组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组末次随访VAS、ODI评分差异无统计学意义。两组改良MacNab评定临床优良率和椎间隙高度丢失度的差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]椎间孔镜靶向单通道下髓核摘除术治疗重度脱出移位型青年腰椎间盘突出症不但可达到与椎板开窗单纯髓核摘除术同样的安全性和有效性,且创伤更小、恢复更快。     

经皮椎间孔镜下髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的探讨经皮椎间孔镜下髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)的效果。方法随机将70例LDH患者分为2组,每组35例。观察组行经皮椎间孔镜下髓核摘除术,对照组实施小切口椎板切开髓核摘除术。比较2组的治疗效果。结果观察组手术切口长度和住院时间优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。2组手术时间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组JOA评分高于对照组,术后6个月疗效优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论经皮椎间孔镜髓核摘除术治疗LDH,创伤小,术后恢复快,有效率高。     

Percutaneous discectomy of the lumbar spine

Summary Ten patients with clinical and radiological evidence of herniated discs at lower lumbar levels were treated with partial discectomy by a lateral percutaneous approach. Eight patients had complete relief from radicular pain and were discharged within four days. They returned to normal daily activity within one month.

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Résumé Dix malades présentant des signes cliniques et radiologiques de hernie discale L3–L4 et L4–L5 ont été traités par discectomie partielle, effectuée par voie per-cutanée à l'aide d'un trocart introduit par voie postéro-externe. Huit de ces patients ont été totalement soulagés de leurs douleurs et ont pu quitter l'hôpital au 4e jour. Ils ont repris une activité normale dans un délai d'un mois.

     

椎间盘镜手术与微创小切口手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效比较

目的 比较椎间盘镜手术(MED)与微创小切口腰椎间盘手术(MTD)治疗腰椎间盘突出症的早、中期疗效.方法 将166例腰椎间盘突出症患者随机分为MED组83例和MTD组83例,分别行MED和MTD手术.对术中、术后反映手术创伤的指标进行监测和观察.结果 MED组在切口长度、术中出血及术后引流量均小于MTD组(P＜0.01).两组术后血清CRP均较术前增加,但术后MED组血清C-反应蛋白增加低于MTD组(P＜0.05).两组VAS术后评分均较术前改善(P＜0.01).患者均获随访,时间2～4年.按改良Macnab疗效评定标准:MED组优65例,良11例,可5例,差2例,优良率为91.6%;MTD组优66例,良13例,可4例,差0例,优良率为95.2%.结论 腰椎间盘突出症MED手术较MTD创伤小、术后恢复快,但两种方法早、中期疗效均较满意.     

椎间盘内窥镜髓核摘除术治疗急性发作腰椎间盘突出症

目的探讨椎间盘内窥镜髓核摘除(MED)手术治疗急性发作腰椎间盘突出症的意义。方法对21例青壮年急性重症腰椎间盘突出患者在入院4h内采用MED手术摘除突出椎间盘髓核。结果21例患者术后即刻优良18例。经4～18个月随访,无一例复发腿痛,20例恢复工作。结论急诊MED手术能尽快解除急性发作腰椎间盘突出症脱出髓核对神经的急性压迫,防止神经损伤进行性加重,达到最佳治疗效果。     

显微内窥镜下微创治疗椎间孔外型腰椎间盘突出症

目的探讨显微内窥镜下微创治疗椎间孔外型腰椎间盘突出症的可行性。方法对15例椎间孔外型腰椎间盘突出症手术患者进行回顾性分析。突出间隙:L3~46例,L4~59例。手术选择后侧旁正中入路,采用MED系统完成神经根探查、减压和椎间盘髓核摘除。结果15例术后随访6~12个月,平均8·3个月。采用改良Macnab标准评价:优8例,良5例,可2例,优良率86·7%。结论显微内窥镜下微创经后侧旁正中入路治疗椎间孔外型腰椎间盘突出症具有创伤小、手术时间短、恢复快等特点,是一种安全有效的手术方法。     

Percutaneous lumbar discectomy in the treatment of lumbar discitis

Lumbar disc infection, either after surgical discectomy or caused by haematogenous spread from other infection sources, is a severe complication. Specific antibiotic treatment has to be started as soon as possible to obtain satisfactory results in conservative treatment or operative fusion. The aim of this study was to analyse 16 cases of lumbar disc infection, treated with percutaneous lumbar discectomy (PLD) to obtain adequate amounts of tissue for histological examination and microbial culture. Between 1990 and 1994, 26 patients with vertebral osteomyelitis were treated. Sixteen patients, with an average age of 41.4 years (range 14–59 years), underwent a diagnostic PLD. Eight of them showed only moderate changes on computed tomograms (CT scans) and magnetic resonance (MR) images in the initial stages of the disease. The other eight showed more or less extensive osteolytic lesions of one or both vertebral bodies adjacent to the involved disc. The histology results showed non-specific discitis in nine patients and tuberculosis in one. In two patients an open biopsy had been performed, which showed non-specific discitis. Microbiological analysis revealed specific infection in 45% of the patients. These patients received a specific antibiotic treatment after antibiogram for an average of 33 days. Only three patients were treated surgically, with evacuation of the disc space and interbody fusion; the whole group received a spondylitis brace. All patients obtained satisfactory clinical results at the last follow-up regarding pain, mobility and spontaneous fusion of the involved disc space. In conclusion, PLD is a very helpful minimally invasive procedure in conservative treatment of lumbar discitis.     

后路腰椎间盘镜髓核摘除术的远期疗效

目的比较MED术与开窗术治疗单节段腰椎间盘突出症的远期疗效。方法对后路单节段腰椎间盘摘除术的39例患者(MED组22例;开窗组17例)进行问卷调查、JOA评分和复查腰椎MRI。在MRI图像上观察并测量手术前后硬膜外压痕的大小、椎间隙的高度、软骨终板的退变以及手术区域信号的改变情况。结果MED组随访(81±8)个月与开窗组随访(73±6)个月的主观评价(满意率、恢复原工作情况、对手术的评价)、客观评价(JOA评分、改善率和优良率)、MRI改变以及并发症比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论两种手术方式术后长期随访在患者的主观评价、客观评价、MRI改变以及并发症方面没有明显差别。     

Primary and revision lumbar discectomy: A three-year review from one center

Background:

Despite variations in technique, the results of primary and revision lumbar discectomy have been good. The aim of this study was to retrospectively review cases of primary and revision lumbar discectomy performed in our institute over a three-year period.

Materials and Methods:

The case records of 273 patients who underwent lumbar discectomy between January 2001-2004 and fulfilled our inclusion and exclusion criteria were reviewed. Of these, 259 were primary discectomies and 14 were revision surgeries. Recurrence was defined as ipsilateral disc herniation at the previously operated level. Demographic parameters, magnetic resonance imaging of the disc, patient satisfaction and rate of recurrence were analyzed.

Results:

The primary surgery group had 52 (20.08%) contained and 207 (79.92%) extruded or sequestered discs, while the numbers in the revision group were three (21.43%) and 11 (78.57%) respectively. “Satisfactory” outcome was noted in 96.5% of the primary surgeries, with a recurrence rate of 3.5%. In the revision group 78.6% had “satisfactory” outcome. In 9.4% of the primary group we encountered complications, while it was 21.43% in the revision group.

Conclusions:

Lumbar discectomy is a safe, simple and effective procedure with satisfactory outcome in 96.5% of primary disc surgery and 78.6% of revision disc surgery.     

单侧双通道内镜下椎间盘切除术与经皮内镜下经椎间孔入路椎间盘切除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效对比

【摘要】 目的：比较单侧双通道内镜下椎间盘切除术（unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy,UBED）与经皮内镜下经椎间孔入路椎间盘切除术（percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy,PETD）治疗单节段腰椎间盘突出症（lumbar disc herniation,LDH）的短期临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析2020年3月～2020年6月我院分别应用UBED（UBED组）和PETD（PETD组）治疗单节段LDH患者56例,UBED组29例,其中男17例,女12例,年龄59.6±10.5岁,随访时间13.5±2.7个月。PETD组27例,其中男14例,女13例,年龄60.3±12.3岁,随访时间13.8±2.9个月。两组患者的年龄、性别、BMI、随访时间等一般资料均无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。记录并比较两组患者手术时间、术中透视次数、出血量、手术前后血红蛋白值和术后并发症等。使用视觉模拟量表（visual analogue scale,VAS）评分及Oswestry功能障碍指数（Oswestry disability index,ODI）评价两组患者术前、术后3天、术后3个月及术后1年的生活质量,术后1年通过改良MacNab标准评价疗效,比较两组间是否存在差异。结果：所有患者均顺利完成手术。UBED组患者术中出血量较PETD组多（49.6±15.6ml vs 25.3±9.7ml,P<0.05）,术中透视次数少（3.35±0.81次 vs 7.71±1.73次,P<0.05）。两组手术时间、术后并发症无统计学差异（P>0.05）。两组患者术前、术后血红蛋白值和血红蛋白减少值均无统计学差异（P>0.05）。两组患者术后3天、术后3个月及术后1年腰腿痛VAS评分和ODI较术前均明显下降（P<0.05）,两组患者各时间点腰腿痛VAS评分及ODI均无统计学差异（P>0.05）。术后两组优良率差异无统计学差异（89.7% vs 88.9%,P>0.05）。结论：UBED与PETD治疗LDH均安全有效,与PETD相比,UBED可获得相似的疼痛缓解,改善患者的生活质量。UBED术中出血较PETD增加,但手术前后血红蛋白变化相当,UBED可有效减少术中透视次数。     

Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD)

Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) is a new technique for the decompression of the lumbar disc space and removal of nucleus pulposus via a posterolateral approach. The technique was introduced in Germany by the authors in April 1987. The method is indicated in patients with non-equestrated lumbar disc herniation with an intact lorsal longitudinal ligament. In local anesthesia, a working cannula (OD 5 mm) is placed at the dorsal lateral border of the disc. The disc space is opened with anulus trephines and the nucleus pulposus is removed with rigid and flexible forceps as well as with automated shaver systems under intermittent endoscopic control (discoscopy). The procedure is performed in local anesthesia. The results of the first thirty patients with a follow-up time between 6 months and 17 months could be graded as excellent in 13 cases, as good in 9 cases, as fair in 6 cases, and as bad in 2 cases. The relief of symptoms as judged by the patients was between 70–100 percent in the majority of the cases. Three patients had to be reoperated at the same level and site, because of either persistent or recurrent sciatica. The performance in local anesthesia, the atraumatic extraspinal approach, the reduced time of hospitalization and post-operative morbidity as well as the reduced time of work incapability are the main advantages of this new method.     

显微椎间盘镜治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效分析

目的通过后路显微内窥镜椎间盘摘除术的临床应用，探讨其技术要点和临床效果。方法对116例(143个间隙)腰椎间盘突出症患者施行后路显微内窥镜椎间盘摘除术。对其疗效进行回顾性分析。结果本组病人均在术后7d内出院。全组病人均获得随访，平均随访时间5．5个月，术后按Macnnab标准评级：优68例，良39例，可9例，优良率92．2％。结论后路显微内窥镜椎间盘摘除术手术创伤小，基本不影响脊柱稳定性，术后恢复快且疗效肯定。