百合地黄汤水提物和醇提物的抗抑郁作用对比

目的:对比两种百合地黄汤提取物的抗抑郁作用并探讨其作用机制。方法:以小鼠强迫游泳法、悬尾实验制造抑郁模型,观察百合地黄汤水提物和醇提物对小鼠自主活动、强迫游泳不动时间、悬尾不动时间以及对利血平化小鼠脑单胺递质去甲肾上腺素(NA)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)、多巴胺(DA)的影响。结果:百合地黄汤可明显缩短小鼠强迫游泳不动时间、悬尾不动时间,提高利血平化小鼠NA、DA、5-HT含量,且醇提液效果优于水煎液。结论:百合地黄汤醇提物抗抑郁作用优于水提物,其可能是通过改变中枢单胺递质含量来实现抗抑郁作用的。     

抑郁症的中西医结合实验研究

目前抑郁症的中西医结合实验研究大多集中在单味中药和复方的抗抑郁机理方面,另外一些研究还探讨了电针治疗抑郁症的有效机制。近年来通过各种不同类型的抑郁症动物模型研究发现一些单味中药有抗抑郁作用。石菖蒲水煎剂、合欢花水提物、淫羊藿提取物和巴戟天的水及醇提取物能改善行为绝望抑郁动物模型的抑郁体征,如缩短小鼠尾悬的失望时间及大鼠强迫游泳实验的不动时间;从姜黄、郁金提取出的姜黄素,积雪草提取出的挥发油能改善由利血平引起的小鼠抑郁体征;积雪草总甙、贯叶连翘提取物可显著改善慢性应激抑郁模型的抑郁体征。石菖蒲水煎液、巴戟天水和醇提取物的作用机制可能通过提高5-HT递质系统的活性发挥抗抑郁作用;合欢花水提取物通过升高海马5-HT、DA及皮质5-HT含量而发挥抗抑郁作用;姜黄素主要表现为抑制单胺氧化酶(MAO),淫羊藿提取物、银杏叶提取物(EGB)和甘草因减弱自由基对神经组织损伤程度而改善抑郁绝望行为。对部分单味药物进行单体活性化学成分的分离后发现,巴戟天中抗抑郁的活性成分为菊淀粉型六聚糖和七聚糖,且它们之间存在相互协同作用;贯叶连翘抗抑郁作用的主要成分为二蒽酮类化合物金丝桃素、伪金丝桃素,石菖蒲中的抗抑郁的活性成分主要为α-细辛...     

海木醇提物对小鼠抑郁模型的抗抑郁作用

目的:探讨海木醇提物的抗抑郁活性及其作用机理。方法:采用小鼠悬尾、强迫游泳和利血平诱导抑郁症模型实验,研究海木醇提物及其不同萃取部位的抗抑郁活性;采用荧光分光光度法测定单胺类神经递质。结果:海木醇提物及其4个萃取部位均可不同程度地缩短小鼠游泳和悬尾的不动时间,其中氯仿部位的中、高剂量组作用最显著,并能显著拮抗利血平引起的体温下降和眼睑下垂等生理变化;显著提高5-HT和DA在海马、纹状体中的含量。结论:海木醇提物具有抗抑郁作用,其活性成分主要分布在氯仿部位,其抗抑郁作用可能是通过抑制突触前膜对5-HT和DA的再摄取和抑制单胺氧化酶的活性而实现的。     

玉郎伞多糖抗抑郁作用研究

目的 研究玉郎伞多糖(yulangsan polysaccharides,YLSPS)的抗抑郁作用.方法 采用悬尾实验(TST)和强迫游泳实验(FST)观察YLSPS对小鼠不动时间的影响,用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定小鼠脑中单胺类神经递质去甲肾上腺素(NE)、多巴胺(DA)、五羟色胺(5-HT)的含量.结果 600 mg/kg YLSPS能明显缩短小鼠悬尾不动时间,300,600 mg/kg YLSPS能明显缩短小鼠强迫游泳不动时间.与空白组相比,300,600 mg/kg YLSPS显著提高了小鼠脑中NE、DA和5-HT的浓度(P<0.05).结论 YLSPS对"行为绝望"动物模型有明显的抗抑郁作用,其机制可能与其提高脑中单胺类神经递质水平有关.     

复方甘麦大枣颗粒对抑郁动物模型的抗抑郁作用及对海马单胺类神经递质的影响

目的:探讨复方甘麦大枣颗粒对动物抑郁模型的抗抑郁作用。方法:采用小鼠强迫游泳试验、悬尾试验、跳台试验和利血平引起大鼠排空脑内单胺神经递质抑郁模型。结果:复方甘麦大枣颗粒21.25 g/kg和42.5g/kg剂量组可明显延长小鼠强迫游泳累计不动时间。21.25 g/kg剂量组延长小鼠悬尾累计不动时间。与空白组比较有显著性差异(P0.05,P0.01)。复方甘麦大枣颗粒可明显缩短逃避至平台上的潜伏期EL(s),减少错误次数。可对抗利血平排空脑内单胺神经递质多巴胺(DA)和脑内皮质酮(CORT)浓度。结论:复方甘麦大枣颗粒可以改善动物抑郁行为,具有抗抑郁作用,其机制可能与改善脑内单胺类神经递质多巴胺(DA)传递,降低皮质激素分泌有关。     

二苯乙烯苷在小鼠行为模型上的抗抑郁作用

目的:探讨2,3,5,4’-四羟基二苯乙烯-2-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(THSG)的抗抑郁作用及其机制.方法:雄性昆明种小鼠随机分为空白对照组,盐酸氟西汀组(5 mg·kg-1)和THSG组(200,100,50 mg· kg-1),连续ig给药7d后,进行小鼠悬尾试验(TST)和小鼠强迫性游泳试验(FST);除空白对照组外,各组连续ig给药7d后,分别ip利血平(1 mg·kg-1),观察THSG对利血平所致小鼠眼睑下垂和体温下降的拮抗作用.结果:在小鼠悬尾试验和小鼠强迫性游泳试验中,THSG高、中剂量(200,100 mg·kg-1)均能明显缩短小鼠在悬尾实验和强迫游泳实验中的不动时间(P＜0.01).在利血平诱导小鼠抑郁试验中,THSG高、中剂量(200,100 mg· kg-1)均能显著对抗利血平诱导的小鼠体温下降和眼睑下垂(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).结论:THSG具有明显的抗抑郁作用,其作用机制可能与单胺递质有关.     

交泰丸对利血平诱导小鼠抑郁模型的影响

[目的]探讨交泰丸对利血平诱导小鼠抑郁模型的影响。[方法]采用小鼠强迫游泳实验(FST)、小鼠悬尾实验(TST)和小鼠利血平拮抗实验,通过高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定小鼠海马和皮质组织中单胺类神经递质[去甲肾上腺素(NE)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)、5-羟吲哚乙酸(5-HIAA)]含量的变化,探讨交泰丸的抗抑郁作用。[结果]交泰丸组方各剂量组均能明显减少FST和TST的不动时间,并且均能拮抗利血平诱导的小鼠眼睑下垂和体温下降,而且可以逆转NE和5-HT的减少以及降低5-HIAA的含量。[结论]交泰丸具有明显的抗抑郁作用,并且可以通过调节海马组织和皮质中NE和5-HT的含量而发挥抗抑郁作用。     

香附提取物抗抑郁作用研究

目的 考察香附抗抑郁活性提取物及其量效关系.方法 通过三种动物模型,即小鼠悬尾实验(TST)、强迫游泳实验(FST)和开场实验(OFT)模型,首次测试香附95％乙醇提取物(醇提物,XF-E)及其水提物(XF-W)的抗抑郁活性.结果 ①在抗抑郁活性提取物筛选方面:XF-E (2 g/kg)可使小鼠在TST及FST的不动时间均显著性缩短(P＜0.05),而XF-W(2g/kg)对此均无显著性差异(P＞0.05);各组小鼠OFT穿格次数比较,均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).②在活性提取物量效关系方面:XF-E(1,2g/kg)均可使小鼠在TST及FST的不动时间显著性缩短(P＜0.05),XF-E (0.5 g/kg)对此亦有缩短趋势(P＞0.05).结论 首次证实XF-E为香附具有抗抑郁作用的活性提取物,且XF-E呈现出良好的量效关系.     

绞股蓝提取物抗抑郁活性研究

目的考察绞股蓝提取物抗抑郁活性。方法通过3种动物模型,即小鼠悬尾实验(TST)、强迫游泳实验(FST)和开场实验(OFT)模型,首次测试绞股蓝75%乙醇提取物(醇提物,JE)及其水提物(JW)的抗抑郁活性。结果 JE(2.5,5 g/kg)可使小鼠在TST及FST的不动时间均显著性缩短(P<0.05),呈现出良好的量效关系,且与阳性药盐酸氟西汀(FH)相比无显著性差异(P>0.05),而JW(2.5,5 g/kg)对小鼠在TST及FST的不动时间均无显著性差异(P>0.05);各组小鼠OFT穿格次数比较,均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论首次证实绞股蓝醇提物具有抗抑郁活性,且与FH的作用相当,而其水提物在既定给药方案下无抗抑郁活性。     

制何首乌提取物抗抑郁作用研究

目的考察制何首乌提取物抗抑郁作用。方法通过3种动物模型,即小鼠悬尾实验(TST)、强迫游泳实验(FST)和开场实验(OFT)模型,首次测试制何首乌水提物(ZW)及其75%乙醇提取物(醇提物,ZE)的抗抑郁作用。结果 ZW(1.5,3 g/kg)可使小鼠在TST及FST的不动时间均显著性缩短(P<0.05),呈现出良好的量效关系,且与阳性药盐酸氟西汀(FH)相比无显著性差异(P>0.05),而ZE(1.5,3 g/kg)对小鼠在TST及FST的不动时间均无显著性差异(P>0.05);各组小鼠OFT穿格次数比较,均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论首次证实制何首乌水提物具有抗抑郁活性,且与FH的作用相当,而其醇提物在既定给药方案下无抗抑郁活性。     

Behavioral and biochemical studies of total furocoumarins from seeds of Psoralea corylifolia in the forced swimming test in mice

The behavioral and biochemical effects of total furocoumarins from seeds of Psoralea corylifolia (TFPC) were investigated in the forced swimming test (FST) in mice in comparison with amitriptyline and fluoxetine. TFPC was found to reduce the duration of immobility in the FST without accompanying changes in ambulatory, rearing and grooming behaviors in the open-field test. After a 3-day treatment, TFPC at the doses from 7.5 to 100 mg/kg significantly decreased the immobility time. The efficacy of the higher doses exceeded that of amitriptyline at 10 and 20 mg/kg and fluoxetine at 13 mg/kg. After a 7- or 14-day treatment, TFPC exhibited an inverted U-shaped dose-response relations, maximal effects were obtained at 30 mg/kg, when the efficacy appeared to be more than that of amitriptyline and fluoxetine. In animal brain and liver, after 14-day treatment, TFPC significantly inhibited monoamine oxidase A and B (MAO-A and MAO-B) activities with an inverted U-shaped dose-dependent relationship in brain, and with dose-dependent relationship in liver. Moreover, TFPC was more potent for MAO-B than MAO-A, except at the lowest dose, which was similar to amitriptyline and fluoxetine. In addition, TFPC blocked plasma elevated cortisol level, an indicator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. TFPC significantly decreased liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level, two indicators of oxidative stress, providing an inverted U-shaped dose-dependent relationship. These results suggest that TEPC possesses potent antidepressant properties that are mediated via MAO activity, HPA axis action and oxidative stress in the FST in mice.     

高度富集黄酮类成分的贯叶连翘提取物抗抑郁作用

目的探讨贯叶连翘提取物中高度富集的黄酮类成分的抗抑郁作用。方法采用小鼠强迫游泳实验、小鼠悬尾实验、开野实验和拮抗利血平所致的体温降低实验,分别以小鼠不动时间、自主活动数和体温下降值作为评价指标。结果在强迫游泳和悬尾实验中,40,80,160,240mg/kg剂量组贯叶连翘提取物均能显著缩短小鼠不动时间,20mg/kg剂量组无显著性差异;开野实验结果表明给药后小鼠的自主活动不同程度地减少;在利血平拮抗实验中,30,60,120mg/kg剂量组在3h,4h和5h各时间点体温下降值与模型对照组相比有显著性差异,240和480mg/kg两剂量组在各测定时间点体温下降值与模型对照组相比均有显著性差异。结论高度富集总黄酮的贯叶连翘提取物(弃除贯叶金丝桃素)有抗抑郁作用。     

Evaluation of antidepressant activity of methanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts of Acorus calamus L. rhizome through tail suspension test and forced swimming test of mice

ObjectiveAcorus calamus (AC) L. (Araceae) is an annual semi-aquatic and aromatic plant found in Europe, North America and Asia. Its rhizomes are often used by Native Americans, Americans, and Chinese as well as by other cultures. Ethnobotanical studies and documents have shown their use in various disease treatments, such as insomnia, mental disorders, diabetes mellitus, epilepsy, inflammation, asthma, neuropathic pain, and diarrhea. In this study, the antidepressant activity of methanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts of the AC rhizome part in mice was investigated.MethodsThree doses of methanolic extract of AC rhizome (MEACR) (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg b.wt), three doses of hydroalcoholic extract of AC rhizome (HAACR) (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg b.wt), and standards (imipramine, 15 mg/kg b.wt and fluoxetine, 20 mg/kg b.wt) was daily oral administration to the mice for consecutive 14 days. The extract effect on the immobility time was monitored by a tail suspension test (TST) and a forced swimming test (FST). Monoamine oxidase (MAO) levels were also analyzed using standard methods.ResultsThe optimum antidepressant activity was viewed at 100 mg/kg b.wt of MEACR extract and 400 mg/kg b.wt of HAACR extract with 23.82% and 20.59% immobility period reduction, respectively. Besides, the extracts weakened the FST-induced elevation of MAO activity significantly and returned to near-normal levels of neurotransmitters in the brain. 100 mg/kg b.wt or above of MEACR extract significantly prevented the MAO-A and MAO-B activities in mice brain at a dose-dependent fashion. But, just 400 mg/kg b.wt of HAACR extract prevented the activity of MAO-A and MAO-B. Fluoxetine and imipramine showed a tendency to prevent the activity of MAO-A and MAO-B.ConclusionThis study suggests that AC rhizome extract mediated antidepressant activity by modulating the central neurochemical and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in response to FST and TST-induced stress. Therefore, AC rhizome extract can be used as a valuable plant supplement to treat depressive disorders.     

Antidepressant-like effect of the ethanolic extract from Suanzaorenhehuan Formula in mice models of depression

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Suanzaorenhehuan Formula (SHF) is a Chinese herbal formula for the treatment of depression-like disorders. It contains four herbs: Semen Ziziphi spinosae, Cortex Albiziae, Radix Paeoniae Alba and Semen Platycladi. The present study is to investigate the antidepressant-like effect of the ethanolic extract of SHF and its possible mechanisms.

Materials and methods

Mouse models of depression including the tail suspension test (TST), forced swimming test (FST) and chronic unpredicted mild stress (CUMS) were used to evaluate the effects of SHF extract. The mechanisms were examined by measuring monoamine neurotransmitters in mice hippocampus and frontal cortex, testing monoamine oxidase enzyme (MAO) activities in brain of CUMS-exposed mice.

Results

After one-week treatment, SHF extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) induced a significant decrease on immobility time in TST. After two-week treatment, SHF extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) led to a reduction in the immobility period in TST and FST. The 5-HT levels in mice hippocampus were increased only after 200 mg/kg SHF extract treatment. The noradrenaline (NE) levels were increased after 200 mg/kg SHF extract treatment in mice hippocampus and frontal cortex. SHF extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly inhibited monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) and monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) after 21-day CUMS exposure.

Conclusion

These findings demonstrated that ethanolic SHF extract produced an antidepressant-like effect and the mechanism of action involves the serotonergic, noradrenergic and monoamine oxidase enzyme systems although underlying mechanism still remains to be further elucidated.     

小柴胡汤抗抑郁作用研究

目的:观察小柴胡汤的抗抑郁作用.方法:本实验将小鼠随机分成5组,即小柴胡汤高中低剂量组( 27,18,9g·kg -1剂量组,ig每天1次,连续给药7d)、盐酸氟西汀组(20 mg·kg-1)、空白对照组(分别ig给予等体积的生理盐水).采用小鼠悬尾、小鼠强迫游泳实验,以小鼠不动时间为指标来评价小柴胡汤的抗抑郁作用.结果:小柴胡汤高、中、低剂量组均能够显著缩短小鼠悬尾及强迫游泳不动时间.结论:小柴胡汤具有明显的抗抑郁作用.     

哈蟆油石油醚提取物的抗抑郁作用

目的:探索哈蟆油石油醚部位(ROS)的抗抑郁作用及可能的机制.方法:雄性ICR小鼠,分为2批,每批均设空白对照组(生理盐水)和6个治疗组(分别给予阳性药氟西汀10 mg·kg-1和ROS不同剂量10,30,100,300,900 mg· kg-1),连续灌胃给药8d.第1批动物在第7天给药后1h和第8天给药后1h,分别采用小鼠强迫游泳和小鼠悬尾2种“行为绝望”抑郁动物模型进行行为学观察;行为学观察结束后小鼠眼球取血,用放射免疫法检测小鼠血清皮质酮(CORT)水平.第2批动物在第8天给药后采用利血平拮抗模型,观察ROS对由利血平引起小鼠体温下降和运动不能的影响.结果:ROS 100,300,900 mg· kg-1均能不同程度地缩短小鼠强迫游泳和悬尾不动时间(P＜0.05),能拮抗利血平致小鼠体温下降和运动不能(P＜0.05),降低小鼠血清皮质酮水平(P＜0.05).结论:ROS具有抗抑郁作用,其机制可能与单胺类神经递质以及下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴密切相关.     

Antidepressant effect of Yueju-Wan ethanol extract and its fractions in mice models of despair

AIM OF THE STUDY: Yueju-Wan (YJ), a traditional Chinese medicinal formula, is commonly used for the treatment of depression-related syndromes in China. This study was conducted to evaluate the antidepressant activity of YJ ethanol extract (YJ-E) and its four different fractions, the petroleum ether fraction (YJ-EA), ethyl acetate fraction (YJ-EB), n-butanol fraction (YJ-EC) and final aqueous fraction (YJ-ED). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two experimental despair animal models: the mice tail suspension test (TST) and the mice forced swimming test (FST) were used to evaluate the antidepressant activity of YJ-E and its fractions. These extracts or fractions were administered orally for 7 days, while the parallel positive control was given at the same time using fluoxetine hydrochloride (FLU) in TST and imipramine hydrochloride (IMI) in FST respectively. RESULTS: YJ-E high dose (YJ-E2), YJ-EA, YJ-EC and the positive control groups could decrease the duration of immobility in the TST and FST and have no significant changes in locomotor activity. YJ-E low dose (YJ-E1), YJ-EB, YJ-ED and the vehicle solvent (VEH) control group have no obvious effect on these same tests. CONCLUSIONS: In these despair animal models, YJ ethanol extract, the petroleum ether fraction and n-butanol fraction show potent antidepressant effects. The petroleum ether fraction and n-butanol fraction appear to be the active fractions of YJ-E.     

鹿茸磷脂对单胺氧化酶的抑制作用

多次灌服鹿茸磷脂200～800mg/kg对青年小鼠(一月龄)脑和肝MAO-B活性具有明显的抑制作用,对MAO-A的抑制作用明显低于对MAO-B。给老年小鼠(18月龄)长期灌服鹿对磷脂600mg/kg可明显抑制脑组织MAO活性,并能显著增加脑内5-羟色胺和多巴胺含量。体外实验证明鹿茸磷脂对MAO-B的抑制作用随浓度的增加或温孵时间的延长而明显增强,而对MAO-A的抑制不明显。另外,鹿茸磷脂对MAO-B呈竞争性抑制,对MAO-A则呈混合型抑制。     

酸枣仁合欢方抗抑郁有效部位的研究

目的 以药效学方法筛选酸枣仁合欢方的抗抑郁有效部位.方法 采用小鼠强迫游泳实验、小鼠悬尾实验、空场实验和拮抗利血平所致的体温降低实验,比较总皂苷和总黄酮部位的抗抑郁药效.结果 在小鼠悬尾实验和游泳实验中,总皂苷组与模型组比较能显著缩短小鼠不动时间,表现出抗抑郁作用;总黄酮组虽能缩短小鼠不动时间,但无统计学意义(P＞0.05).空场实验表明各组间小鼠自主活动无显著性差异.在利血平拮抗实验中,总皂苷组在4h时可显著拮抗小鼠体温下降(P＜0.05).结论 通过抗抑郁药效学实验结果,初步确定总皂苷为酸枣仁合欢方的有效部位.