城市1～3岁儿童家庭养育环境量表的编制及其信度效度研究

[目的]编制本土文化背景下具有良好信度效度的儿童早期家庭养育环境评价量表. [方法]经查阅文献和专家访谈,构建儿童养育环境条目库.分层随机抽取4市239名1～3岁儿童家长初步测试,探索性因素分析形成"1～3岁儿童家庭养育环境试用问卷".再次分层随机抽取10个市县城区1～3岁儿童,完成591份"一般人口学问卷"、"1～3岁儿童家庭养育环境试用问卷",部分儿童完成"0～4岁儿童神经心理发展量表"测评.对测评结果进行项目分析、探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析、信度检验和效度检验. [结果]"1～3岁儿童家庭养育环境问卷"由41个条目组成,包含4个因素;同质信度为0.930,分半信度为0.871,重测信度系数0.707;量表与儿童发育商的标准关联效度为0.475,内容效度和结构效度均达到良好水平. [结论]"1～3岁儿童家庭养育环境问卷"信度、效度等各项指标均达到测量学的要求,可以作为评价1～3岁儿童家庭养育环境的工具.     

0～1岁儿童家庭养育环境量表的编制及其信度效度研究

[目的]编制本土文化背景下的具有良好信度和效度的儿童早期家庭养育环境评价量表.[方法]经查阅文献和专家访谈,构建儿童养育环境条目库.在两次中小规模抽样测试的基础上,然后有498名儿童家长完成"一般人口学问卷"、"O～1岁儿童家庭养育环境试用问卷"和"0～4岁儿童神经心理发展量表"测评.对测评结果进行项目分析、探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析、信度检验和效度检验.[结果]"0～1岁儿童家庭养育环境问卷"由32个条目组成,包含4个因素.问卷同质信度克伦巴赫a系数为0.918,分半信度为0.875,重测信度系数0.714;量表与儿童发育商的效标准关联效度为0.506,内容效度和结构效度均达到较好水平.[结论]"0～1岁儿童家庭养育环境问卷"信度、效度等各项指标均达到了测量学的要求,可以作为评价O～1岁儿童家庭养育环境的工具.     

城市3～6岁儿童家庭养育环境量表的编制及其信度效度研究

【目的】编制完全本土文化背景的儿童早期家庭养育环境评价量表。【方法】查阅有关文献和专家访谈,构建儿童养育环境条目库,经试验性测试形成"初始问卷"。分层随机抽取232名3~6岁儿童家长初步测试,探索性因素分析形成"3~6岁儿童家庭养育环境试用问卷"。再次分层随机抽取10个市县城区3~6岁儿童,完成696份"试用问卷"测评,部分儿童完成"CBCL量表"测试。删除CR值达不到显著水平、与总分相关系数<0.30的条目以及项目负荷量<0.4的条目,形成正式量表后进行信度检验和效度检验。【结果】量表由53个条目组成,同质信度克伦巴赫α系数为0.930,分半信度为0.871,重测信度系数0.707;量表总分与儿童CBCL总分之间呈明显负相关(r=-0.455),内容效度和结构效度均达到良好水平。【结论】量表信度、效度良好,各项指标均达到了测量学的要求,可以作为3~6岁儿童家庭养育环境的评价工具。     

3～6岁幼儿运动家庭支持环境调查问卷编制及信效度检验

目的 研制适合我国3～6岁幼儿运动能力发展的家庭支持环境问卷，为了解幼儿运动家庭支持环境的优势与不足提供工具。方法 基于“2020全民健身状况调查”的幼儿大样本调查结果，通过两轮德尔菲法确定《3～6岁幼儿运动家庭支持环境调查问卷》的条目。以571名3～6岁幼儿及其家长为调查对象，进行问卷信度、效度的检验。结果 《3～6岁幼儿运动家庭支持环境调查问卷》共8个维度43个条目。其中家长的幼儿相关运动知识与态度8个条目、家长对幼儿运动的支持行为9个条目、家长对幼儿运动能力评价5个条目、家庭客观硬件环境2个条目、父母锻炼和屏幕行为6个条目、父母步行与陪伴孩子运动行为4个条目、社区客观硬件环境5个条目、社区内体育运动与相关活动4个条目。探索性因子分析共提取出9个公因子，累计方差贡献率为63.059%。验证性因子分析模型拟合χ²/df值为2.531,近似误差均方根0.078。整体问卷的克隆巴赫α系数为0.822,各个维度的克隆巴赫α系数在0.7以上，分半信度为0.902,重测信度系数为0.995(P<0.01)。结论 《3～6岁幼儿运动家庭支持环境调查问卷》具有良好的信度...     

护士工作责任心测评问卷的初步研制

目的编制符合我国国情的护士工作责任心测评问卷,并对该问卷进行项目分析和信效度检验。方法运用文献回顾法、开放式问卷调查法形成护士工作责任心测评问卷框架雏形,与某三级甲等综合医院5名护理管理者和1名心理学老师进行半结构式访谈,根据访谈结果修改、补充问卷条目,形成问卷草表;将草表在10名护士和2名心理学研究生中进行语言测试,根据反馈意见删除不易理解的条目并修改部分条目的表达方式,形成预测问卷;将预测问卷对60名护士施测,对数据进行项目分析,筛选条目形成正式测评问卷;将正式测评问卷对750名护士施测,对测评问卷进行信效度分析;对其中某医院心内科的30份问卷进行编码,2周后进行重测,以考验重测信度。结果护士工作责任心测评问卷由18个条目组成,其内部一致性信度（Cronbachα系数）是0.741,分半信度是0.772,重测信度是0.947。结论护士工作责任心测评问卷有较好的信效度,能够作为测评临床护士工作责任心的水平状况的工具。     

儿童视力保健相关行为评定量表的编制及信效度检验

目的 编制"儿童视力保健相关行为评定量表",为学生近视防制提供测评工具.方法 在文献查阅、专家访谈和专家咨询的基础上,编制苗表题项库,经试验性测试,形成含65条题项的初始问卷;初始问卷纶对585名上海市区一～五年级学生家长测试及探索性因子分析,形成含31条题项的测试问卷;采用测试问卷对840名整群抽取的上海市区一～五年级学生家长进行测试,并检验问卷的信度和效度.结果 "儿童视力保健相关行为评定量表"包含9个维度31条题项;量表的同质信度Cwnbach α系数为0.842,Guttman分半系数为0.610,重测信度为0.644;2位监护人平行测量得分经X2检验,P值均>0.05;结构分析显示,9个维度得分与总量表得分的相关系数在0.409～0.729之间,内容效度和结构效度均达到测量学要求.结论 儿童视力保健相天行为评定量表结构合理,符合心理统计学要求.     

1~2岁幼儿依恋特征及有关影响因素的探讨

【目的】 了解128名1~2岁幼儿依恋特征及母亲敏感性、气质等基本因素对其影响作用。 【方法】 采用陌生情境试验和现场观察对儿童依恋状况和儿童母亲敏感性进行测评,并由母亲填写家庭一般人口学资料和幼儿气质问卷。 【结果】 128名幼儿中,安全型依恋99人(77.3%),回避型24人(18.8%),抗拒型5人(3.9%),未发现混乱型。不同依恋类型儿童母亲的敏感性得分差异显著;趋避性、心境、持久性、注意分散等气质维度与儿童某些依恋行为呈现明显相关关系。 【结论】 济南市城区幼儿依恋安全型比例较高;母亲敏感性是影响儿童依恋重要因素之一;儿童气质对依恋类型不产生直接影响,但某些气质维度影响儿童特定情景下的依恋行为表现。     

中文版儿童喂养问卷在学龄前儿童家长中的信效度分析

目的 引入儿童喂养问卷(Child Feeding Questionnaire,CFQ), 并分析其信度和效度。方法 对CFQ进行汉化和修订,采用方便抽样法抽取198名3～7岁学龄前儿童的家长,用中文版CFQ进行问卷调查,并对数据进行信效度分析。结果 中文版CFQ问卷包含26个条目,经探索性因素分析,提取到8个因子,可解释变异量的68.509% 。验证性因子分析支持量表的八因子结构,问卷及各因子的Cronbach′s α系数为0.598~0.867,重测信度为0.791~0.963。结论 中文版CFQ具有较好的信度和效度,可用于对学龄前儿童家长的喂养行为进行测评。     

2～6岁儿童看护者养育行为量表的编制及其信度效度分析

编制2～6岁儿童看护者养育行为量表, 并对量表的信效度进行验证。招募1 350名2～6岁儿童看护者, 采用条目区分度分析和探索性因子分析对量表结构、维度、条目进行分析, 采用同质信度、折半信度、重测信度对量表信度进行分析, 采用内容效度、结构效度对量表效度进行分析。结果显示, 量表共包含7个维度, 45个条目。同质信度分析显示, 总量表的Cronbach′s α系数为0.945;折半系数为0.899;重测信度分析显示, 两次测试相关系数分别为:0.893(总分), 0.854(社交), 0.832(语言), 0.871(大运动), 0.893(精细动作), 0.862(认知), 0.832(自理), 0.872(感觉)。2轮德尔菲专家咨询法对内容效度检验显示, 项目评分的kendall系数为0.813(P<0.01);结构效度分析显示, 本量表各维度与总量表、各维度之间均相关, 各维度平均方差提取值均大于该维度与其他维度的相关系数。整体而言, 本量表信度、效度良好, 可以作为2～6岁儿童看护者养育行为的评价和指导工具。     

军人半月板损伤知信行问卷的编制及信效度检验

目的编制军人半月板损伤知信行问卷,为军人半月板损伤知识、信念、行为水平的评估提供科学的测评工具。方法以“知-信-行”理论和“健康信念”模式为框架,在文献回顾、半结构访谈、课题组讨论和2轮专家函询的基础上形成拟调查问卷,再经过预调查、正式调查、条目筛选和信效度检验形成正式调查问卷。结果该问卷包括知识、信念、行为3个维度,共33个条目。总问卷和各维度的Cronbach'α系数分别为0.940、0.873、0.880、0.864;重测信度分别为0.870、0.975、0.990、0.984;问卷各条目的I-CVI为0.89~1.00,S-CVI/Ave为0.96;探索性因子分析提取出3个因子,累积贡献率为60.639%。结论军人半月板损伤知信行问卷具有良好的信效度,可作为了解军人半月板损伤知识、信念、行为现状的测评工具。     

An alternative approach for the analyses and interpretation of attachment sort items

Attachment Q‐Sort (AQS) is a tool for quantifying observations about toddler/caregiver relationships. Previous studies have applied factor analysis to the full 90 AQS item set to explore the structure underlying them. Here we explore that structure by applying multidimensional scaling (MDS) to judgements of inter‐item similarity. AQS items are arranged in the MDS solution along three easily interpretable axes: a model that is compatible with but more parsimonious than factor analysis solutions. This geometrical approach suggests ways to modify the AQS—primarily a research tool—to make it more practical for clinical applications. Sets of AQS data are represented and interpreted in the three‐dimensional model as vectors. Summaries at a finer‐grained level are obtained by finding points in the model where variability across datasets is greatest. We report re‐analyses of archival (published) data, and also data collected with streamlined procedures more suitable in the field. Although not reported here, collection and analysis can both be performed online via a website. The general methodology is not restricted to the current application of toddler attachment.     

中文版SF-36量表在浙江省老年人群健康生命质量评价中的信度和效度

目的 评价中文版SF-36量表在老年人群健康生命质量评价中的信度和效度.方法 2007年10-12月统一受训的调查员使用含中文版SF-36量表的问卷对浙江省城乡4241名60周岁以上的老年人面对面询问式调查,采用相关分析、信度分析、因子分析、t检验和方差分析等统计学方法 评价量表的信度和效度.结果 中文版SF-36量表具有较好的分半信度(r=0.91,P<0.001),内部一致性信度α系数除生命活力(α=0.65)、社交功能(α=0.65)、心理健康(α=0.40)维度外,其余维度的α系数均>0.8.每个条目跟相关维度的相关系数均>0.4(条目9-2除外),且高于该条目与其他维度的相关系数(条目9-8除外),说明中文版SF-36量表有良好的集合效度和区分效度.35个条目在提取的6个公因子中的分布与量表的理论结构假设基本一致,累计贡献达67.04%.除心理健康维度外,各维度具有良好的判别效度.结论 中文版SF-36量表有较好的信度和效度,适用于老年人群健康生命质量评价,但量表心理健康维度的信度与效度较低,且其中的9-2、9-8以及躯体功能维度中的3-1条目不适合于中国老年人群.     

An alternative approach for the analyses and interpretation of attachment sort items

Attachment Q-Sort (AQS) is a tool for quantifying observations about toddler/caregiver relationships. Previous studies have applied factor analysis to the full 90 AQS item set to explore the structure underlying them. Here we explore that structure by applying multidimensional scaling (MDS) to judgements of inter-item similarity. AQS items are arranged in the MDS solution along three easily interpretable axes: a model that is compatible with but more parsimonious than factor analysis solutions. This geometrical approach suggests ways to modify the AQS—primarily a research tool—to make it more practical for clinical applications. Sets of AQS data are represented and interpreted in the three-dimensional model as vectors. Summaries at a finer-grained level are obtained by finding points in the model where variability across datasets is greatest. We report re-analyses of archival (published) data, and also data collected with streamlined procedures more suitable in the field. Although not reported here, collection and analysis can both be performed online via a website. The general methodology is not restricted to the current application of toddler attachment.     

农村空巢老人SF-36量表应用信度及效度评价

目的评价简明健康调查量表(SF-36)应用于农村空巢老人生存质量测量时的信度和效度。方法采用中文版SF-36量表,对江苏省徐州市分层整群随机抽取218名农村空巢老人进行面访调查,评价该量表的信度和效度。结果 SF-36量表的分半系数为0.84,生理职能(RP)、生理功能(PF)、躯体疼痛(BP)、总体健康(GH)、精力(VT)、社会功能(SF)、情感职能(RE)和精神健康(MH)8个维度Cronbach’sα系数为0.79、0.88、0.86、0.81、0.77、0.76、0.88、0.77,量表具有良好的分半信度和内部一致性信度;效度分析表明,集合效度和区分效度试验成功率分别为97.14%和97.96%,因子分析(RMSEA=0.12,CFI=0.91),PF、VT、RE、MH 4个维度在因子负荷上与理论模型完全一致;量表反应度评价表明,除RP、BP、SF 3个维度天花板效应分别为42.63%、48.79%、26.45%外,其他维度地板效应和天花板效应均不显著。结论 SF-36量表适用于农村空巢老人生存质量评价,但尚需根据实际情况对部分条目进行完善。     

SF-36量表在浙江省麻风治愈者中的应用

目的探讨健康调查量表SF-36在浙江省麻风治愈者中应用的信度、效度和可行性。方法以问卷访谈的形式调查892名麻风治愈者，用分半信度、内部一致性、构想效度和结构效度等指标对SF-36量表进行评判。结果该量表具有良好的内部一致性，8个维度的Chronbach’a系数均≥0．8。除心理健康（MH）外，各维度的分半信度较好，Pearson相关系数均≤0．7。构想效度比较满意。因子分析产生两个因子，能解释总方差的62．05％，且除精神影响（RE）外其他各维度在相应因子有较满意的因子载荷量（≥0．4）。结论SF-36量表基本适用于麻风治愈者生活质量评价，但部分条目需进行调整。     

中文版量化的婴幼儿孤独症筛查量表信效度研究

目的 评估中文版量化的婴幼儿孤独症筛查量表(Q-CHAT)的信度和效度,以期为孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)的早期筛查提供合适的工具.方法 2019年7月—2020年1月分别采用量化的婴幼儿孤独症筛查量表(Q-CHAT)和儿童孤独症评定量表(CARS)对符合《精神障碍诊断和统计手册》第5版(DSM-5)ASD诊断标准的91例...     

Development of a Vietnamese version of the Short form-36 Health Survey

We aimed to test the psychometric properties of a culturally relevant translation of the medical outcomes study short form-36 health survey (SF-36) with prospective Vietnamese migrants. The translated survey was interviewer-administered to 1610 Vietnamese aged over 15 years who had applied to migrate to Australia. All but two SF-36 items had good discriminant validity, and all eight scales of the Vietnamese version of the SFS-36 had good discriminant validity, which supports the use of SF-36 constructs to assess self-reported health status among Vietnamese migrants. However, the mental health, vitality and bodily pain scales demonstrated low internal consistency. This finding is likely to be a product of the increased diversity among scale items following modifications to improve cultural relevance. Further modifications to improve the internal consistency of these scales are required.     

Improving the response choices on the veterans SF-36 health survey role functioning scales: results from the Veterans Health Study

Role functioning and its limitations due to one's health is an important aspect of health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) SF-36 includes 2 role functioning scales: role limitations due to physical health problems (RP) or emotional problems (RE). Although they capture important concepts of HRQoL, these 2 scales have some limitations in their measurement properties. Using dichotomized sets of response choices, the scales are limited in their distributional properties (eg, higher standard deviation than other SF-36 scales) and ability to discriminate between clinically relevant groups. In this study, we ascertain the improvements to these 2 scales using 5-point ordinal response choices for each of the scale items. Two thousand one hundred sixty-two patients from the Veterans Health Study (VHS), an observational study of health outcomes in patients receiving ambulatory care, completed a health status questionnaire and a medical history. The health questionnaire included (1) the MOS SF-36, in which the RP and RE items used dichotomized yes/no responses; and (2) a set of modified RP and RE items that used 5-response choices for each of the items, ranging from "no, none of the time" to "yes, all of the time." We compared the original and modified RP and RE scales using internal consistency reliability and factor analysis. We tested item convergent and discriminant validity using multitrait scaling, and scale discriminant validity using ordinary least squares regression. Results indicate that the modifications to the original RP and RE scales accomplish important gains in the distributional properties of the scales. The floor and ceiling effects of the 2 scales have been reduced and the reliability of the RP scale has increased (0.87-0.95). Factor analysis and multitrait scaling tests indicate that the modified items have the same interpretation as the original items. Tests of discriminant validity indicate that the modified RP and RE scales have greater explanatory power for measures of disease burden, depression, and disease severity. The modified SF-36 role scales are clearly superior to the original versions. The modifications have increased the explained variability, suggesting greater explanatory power and more information obtained by the role functioning measures. The modified RP and RE are capturing a wider spectrum of disease severity, in part due to the lowering of the floor and raising of the ceiling of the scales. Additional work needs to test these improvements in other populations and to expand the analysis to track the responsiveness of the modified scales to clinically and socially important changes over time.     

The measurement of threat orientations

OBJECTIVE: To develop measures of 3 threat orientations that affect responses to health behavior messages. METHOD: In Study 1, college students (N = 47) completed items assessing threat orientations and health behaviors. In Study 2, college students and community adults (N = 110) completed the threat orientation items and measures of convergent and discriminant validity. RESULTS: In Study 1, the control-based, denial-based, and heightened-sensitivity-based threat orientation scales demonstrated good internal consistency and correlated with engagement in health behaviors. In Study 2, the convergent and discriminant validity of the 3 measures was established. CONCLUSION: The 3 scales have good internal reliability and construct validity.