蚌埠市初三年级学生危险行为分析

目的了解蚌埠市初三年级学生危险行为现状,为采取干预措施保护青少年健康提供依据。方法按照分层随机整群抽样的方法,共抽取蚌埠市14所中学19个班的初三年级学生为研究对象,获有效问卷935份。对其伤害行为、吸烟行为、饮酒和药物使用行为、性行为、饮食行为、锻炼行为和上网行为进行调查。结果4.3%的学生从不遵守或很少遵守交通规则,23.0%的学生有打架行为,2.7%的学生曾离家出走,20.6%的学生曾考虑过自杀,18.1%的学生曾经吸烟,64.1%的学生曾经饮酒,有1.4%的学生曾使用过摇头丸;1.2%的学生曾发生过性行为,但只有0.4%的性行为者每次性行为都使用安全套;30.9%的学生认为自己稍胖或很胖,54.0%和75.7%的学生每天吃水果和蔬菜次数≥1次,58.6%的学生每天喝牛奶≥1杯,72.2%的学生经常进行体育锻炼,参加校内外运动队的学生分别占17.2%和5.0%,9.1%的学生调查前1周上网≥3 d。结论多数伤害行为、吸烟行为、饮酒和药物使用行为、性行为、锻炼行为和上网行为男生高于女生。     

蚌埠市高中生危险行为现况研究

目的 了解蚌埠市中生危险行为现状，为采取干预措施。保护青少年健康提供依据。方法 按照分层随机整群抽样的方法，共抽取11所中学66个班的3276名高中生为研究对象，获有效问卷3131份，对其危险行为进行调查。结果 6.3的学生不遵守或很少遵守交通规律；1.6%的学生经常去非游泳场所游泳；12.1%的学生有打架行为；22.8%的学生曾考虑过离家出走；31.2%的学生曾考虑过自杀；被老师体罚过的学生占15.3%,9.7%的学生现在吸烟；71.2%的学生曾经饮过酒，34.1%的学生最近饮过酒；有3.5%和0.7%的学生曾分别使用过安定和摇头丸；2.6%的学生曾发生过性行为，而只有29.6%的性行为每次性行为都使用安全套；10.6%的学生在调查前1周上网≥3d。结论 与美国高中生相比，蚌埠市高中生的危险行为的比例多数较低，与国内资料相比基本持平。     

高中生吸烟行为特征及与其他危险行为关系分析

目的了解蚌埠市高中生的吸烟特征,为制定有效的干预措施提供科学依据。方法采取分层随机整群抽样,在蚌埠市区12所中学高中班中随机抽取11所中学22个班的全体学生进行问卷调查。结果3 131名高中生中,有800名高中生曾经吸过一整支烟,曾经吸烟率为25.6%,男生高于女生,其中,35.8%的学生吸一整支烟时的年龄<13岁,15~16岁是青少年尝试吸烟的高发年龄。8.9%的高中生曾有过经常性吸烟行为。在调查前30 d,4.6%的学生在学校吸烟,男生高于女生;4.9%的学生平均每天吸烟≥2支,男生高于女生;获得香烟的方式以在商店买烟为主,占50.5%。多因素logistic回归分析表明:最近12个月打架,厌学情绪、最近30 d饮酒、谈恋爱、性行为、最近7 d上网吧、参加校内运动队、性别对高中生吸烟影响最大。结论应及早对青少年进行控制吸烟的健康教育,使他们认识到吸烟的危害,自觉抵制烟草。同时对其他相关危险行为进行干预,以发挥干预措施的综合效应,提高控烟效果。     

北京市1138名大学生健康危险行为状况

目的了解北京市大学生健康危险行为现况,以便有针对性地制定和实施干预措施。方法采用分层整群抽样法,选取北京市海淀区2所大学的1138名在校学生,从饮食和锻炼行为、故意和非故意伤害行为、网络成瘾和赌博等成瘾性行为、吸烟饮酒和吸毒等物质成瘾行为以及性行为5个方面进行问卷调查。结果24.4%的大学生没有足够的体育锻炼;14.8%的大学生考虑过自杀;94.3%的大学生使用互联网,34.4%的大学生上网时间超过自己的预想;16.7%的大学生有吸烟行为,2.6%的大学生曾经使用过毒品等成瘾性物质;11.4%的大学生有过性行为。结论北京市大学生健康危险行为不容忽视,迫切需要开展各种健康促进活动。     

南宁市青少年健康危害行为的流行病学研究

[目的]了解南宁市青少年健康危害行为的流行特征及影响因素。为干预研究提供依据。[方法]随机抽取南宁市6所中学、3所职业高中和2所大学共3587名学生进行无记名问卷调查。[结果]南宁市青少年意外伤害受伤率为2.59%,非故意伤受伤率为9.31%,故意伤害行为发生率为3.58%,吸烟、饮酒、使用成瘾性药物行为的发生率为24.01%,10种食品摄入行为发生率为33.46%,35.10%青少年认为体重超过正常,减肥行为发生率为17.24%,63.58%青少年经常参加锻炼,32.88%青少年看过色情书籍或音像制品,96.80%接触过艾滋病预防教育,性及亲密行为发生率为15.12%。[结论]目前南宁市青少年在伤害、饮食、减肥、体育运动、吸烟饮酒和性教育、性行为及亲密行为等方面普遍存在不健康行为,应及早开展相应的干预工作,协助青少年树立健康观念,培养健康行为习惯,提高其整体健康水平。     

北京市顺义区中学生健康危险行为现状调查

目的了解北京市顺义区中学生意外伤害、吸烟、饮酒、不良饮食习惯及体育锻炼、网络成瘾和赌博、过早的不安全的性行为等方面的健康危险行为流行现状。方法 2010年4月,选取顺义区3所中学、5所高中和1所职业高中学生进行问卷调查,采用自己设计的初中生、高中生健康相关行为问卷。结果调查中有37.3%的学生在过去30 d内有骑自行车违规行为,经常在玩滚轴溜冰、滑板车等时不戴保护装备的比例达14.2%;在过去12个月里,12.1%的学生有过自杀意念,6.9%有过自杀计划;有26.2%的学生尝试过吸烟;有52.3%学生尝试饮酒;在调查前1周里,有30.8%的学生在西式快餐店吃过饭,有18.2%的学生每天玩电子游戏时间达到或超过4 h,有12.0%的学生有网络成瘾行为,有4.8%的高中学生与他人发生过性行为。结论危险行为的发生在不同类型学校、不同性别的学生中存在一定差异,及时、有效地开展以生活技能为基础的学校健康教育,对帮助学生形成良好的生活习惯是很有必要的。     

西安市某城乡结合部青少年健康相关行为及影响因素分析

目的 了解西安市某城乡结合部青少年健康相关行为现况及影响因素,为开展该地区青少年健康教育工作提供依据。 方法 2019年9-10月采用随机整群抽样的方法调查748名青少年,对其锻炼、饮食、上网、吸烟、饮酒、伤害(自杀意念)和性相关行为进行问卷调查,通过二分类Logistic回归分析可能的影响因素。 结果 该地区青少年缺乏锻炼、偏食、吸烟、饮酒、上网过量、自杀意念和性相关行为的报告率分别为52.1%、40.7%、14.3%、30.8%、22.0%、14.6%、19.3%。Logistic回归分析危险因素结果显示,缺乏锻炼包括女性、高中生、体重、父母要求宽松、孤独感;偏食包括每月生活费偏多、学习压力偏重;吸烟包括男性、年龄、学习成绩稍差、孤独感;饮酒包括男性、年龄、每月生活费偏多、孤独感;上网过量包括男性、初中生、父母要求宽松、学习成绩偏差;自杀意念包括城镇、独生子女、父母关系一般或较差、学习压力偏重、孤独感;性相关行为包括男性、高中生、父母要求宽度、孤独感。 结论 西安市城乡结合部青少年部分健康相关行为的报告率仍较高,尤其是偏食行为较高,其中,男生易发生上网过量、吸烟、饮酒和性相关行为,孤独和学习压力是多个健康相关行为的危险因素。应多加强对青少年的情感引导和男生的健康行为引导。     

南阳市农村青少年健康危险行为现状调查分析

目的了解南阳市农村青少年健康危险行为的现状和流行趋势。方法2006年4月,采取多阶段抽样方法,从南阳市西峡县29所初中、高中、职高中抽取5所学校各年级学生,用统一调查表进行问卷调查,调查内容包括:学生故意和非故意伤害行为,吸烟、饮酒和吸毒等物质成瘾行为,网络成瘾、赌博等成瘾行为,性行为,膳食、运动行为及健康教育情况等。结果调查2249名学生,每天饮用牛奶少于1杯和未吃蔬菜的学生分别为85.0%和24.3%;1个月内不安全骑车和在高速公路上行走的学生分别为60.4%和25.7%,19.6%的学生过去1年到非安全场所游泳,88.2%学生7 d内每天运动时间不足1 h;1年中,31.2%的学生曾打架,有27.5%和39.9%的学生分别有自杀和离家出走意念;17.6%的学生1年内曾醉酒,0.3%和6.4%的学生曾使用过毒品和擅自使用安眠药;38.9%和23.8%的学生上网不能自控和参加过赌博;3.9%的高中和职高学生有性行为史,38.7%和47.4%的高中及职高学生分别曾接受青春期教育和艾滋病知识教育。在打架、吸烟、饮酒、网络成瘾、到非安全场所游泳、观看色情书籍及制品等指标中,男女性别间差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论农村青少年中健康危险行为问题严重,应加强健康教育和行为干预。     

浙江省桐庐县青少年学生吸烟饮酒行为调查

目的了解浙江省桐庐县青少年学生吸烟饮酒行为现状。方法采用中国青少年健康相关行为调查问卷对桐庐县5所全目制学校(含初中、高中和职业高中)1 092名在校学生进行匿名调查。结果尝试过吸烟、近期内吸烟、经常吸烟、13岁前就吸过1整支烟、每天吸烟的学生分别有332,64,15,94,25人,发生率分别为30.4%,5.9%,1.4%,8.6%,2.3%;曾经饮过酒、近期饮过酒、13岁前饮酒、重度饮酒、喝醉过的学生分别有676,275,309,78,115人,发生率分别为61.9%,25.2%,28.3%,7.1%,10.5%;在各项吸烟饮酒行为发生率中,除醉酒外,男生均高于女生;随着年龄的增长或年级的升高,青少年吸烟饮酒行为发生率呈上升趋势。结论桐庐县妻少年学生吸烟饮酒现象较普遍,应积极采取有效的干预措施,以减少吸烟饮酒对青少年身心健康的危害。     

桐庐县青少年健康危险行为现况的研究

目的了解桐庐县青少年健康危险行为流行现状和特点。方法按浙江省青少年健康危险行为监测方案的实施要求,对桐庐县5所全日制学校(初中、高中和职业高中)1092名在校学生,采用中国青少年健康相关行为调查问卷进行无记名调查。结果19.4%的学生有打架行为;9.5%考虑过自杀,4.8%计划过自杀,1.0%曾采取措施自杀;36.5%想过离家出走,3.2%曾经离家出走;78.1%常感到孤独;44.2%被人恶意取笑;73.7%有失眠现象;严重受伤与扭伤的为12.2%和11.3%;57.8%步行乱穿马路,30.0%骑车带人,7.2%骑车逆行;23.1%到无安全防范措施地方游泳;有吸烟和饮酒史的分别为30.4%和61.9%;5.1%滥用镇静催眠类药物;20.3%希望增加上网时间,10.8%想停止上网不能自控,参加过网络赌博的有42.2%;有22.2%的学生不吃早餐,36.1%的学生存在偏食现象;82.7%的学生缺乏体力活动锻炼;高中阶段学生曾发生性行为的比例为1.4%。结论应该针对青少年危险行为的特点开展综合性干预措施。     

北京、河南新乡部分中学生健康危险行为相关研究

目的了解北京、河南新乡市部分中学生导致意外伤害和暴力、吸烟、饮酒及其他药物滥用、不良饮食习惯以及体育锻炼等方面的健康危险行为现状。方法2004年5月至6月，选取北京西城5所、河南新乡市3所中学的初中和高中学生461名，采取中学生危险行为问卷凋查。结果调查中有37．7％的学生乘车从不系安全带，近1年内有过打架行为的学生占16．4％；有22．3％的学生尝试过吸烟；尝试过饮酒行为的学生高达52．0％；有过药物滥用行为的比例为3．6％；在调查前的周末，吃过高脂、油炸食品2次或以上的学生比例分别为23．0％和30．9％；认为自己很胖的学生比例为5．2％，有35．3％的学生准备采取减肥的措施；经常进行体育锻炼的学生比例为51．5％；在凋查前的1年内，有61．7％的学生表示曾有过厌学情绪；有20．7％的学生考虑过离家出走，有3．3％的学生曾经离家出走过。结论及时、有效、因地制宜地开展以生活技能为基础的学校健康教育，对帮助中学生形成良好的生活习惯是很有必要的。     

Covariation of cigarette smoking and other health-risk behaviors among Japanese high school students: a preliminary study

This study aims to determine if cigarette smoking is associated with engaging in other health-risk behaviors among high school students in Japan. Self-administered anonymous questionnaires were conducted in 1999 using a sample of 1,466 students (male: 50.5%, female: 49.5%) in grades 10 through 12 at seven public senior high schools in urban areas of Okinawa, Japan. Health-risk behaviors studiedal included cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, thinner use, sexual intercourse, suicidal ideation, nonuse of seat belts, physical inactivity, and weight loss practices. In the logistic regression models, controlled for sociodemographic variables, smoking was significantly associated with all health-risk behaviors except physical inactivity. In particular, associations of alcohol drinking and sexual intercourse with smoking were strong. Among male students, statistically significant odds ratios existed for alcohol drinking, sexual intercourse, and nonuse of seat belts. Among female students, all of the odds ratios for health-risk behaviors were statistically significant, except for physical inactivity. Generally, the odds ratios of female students were higher than those of male students. In conclusion, high school students who smoked cigarettes in this study may be at higher risk for engaging in other health-risk behaviors. Particularly, alcohol drinking and sexual intercourse are more likely to co-occur with smoking. These findings suggest that smoking prevention programs should be integrated with other health-risk behaviors.     

广东工业大学814名学生健康危险行为分析

目的了解大学生健康危险行为特征,以便有针对性地开展高校健康教育。方法随机抽取广东工业大学814名工科大学生进行健康相关行为问卷调查。结果814名大学生总吸烟率为47.2%,饮酒率为92.9%。男生吸烟、饮酒、服食成瘾性药物及有性行为的比例明显高于女生。吸烟与饮酒、自杀意念、性行为呈正相关。结论应加强高校健康教育,学生健康责任感及自我保健意识是学校素质教育的重要内容。     

广州市中学生性行为现况研究

目的了解广州市中学生性行为的现状,为制定青少年性健康教育政策和采取干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法分别抽取广州市8所中学约6 420名学生进行无记名问卷调查。结果有3.4%的学生曾经发生过性行为。男生的危险性行为的发生高于女生,初中生的危险性行为的发生高于高中生。性行为与吸烟、饮酒、自杀、吸毒等健康危险行为的发生均有关联性（P〈0.001）。结论应重视青少年过早性行为的发生,并及早干预,减少其他危险行为的发生以促进青少年身心健康。     

北京市大中学生性行为及其与物质成瘾行为的相关性

目的 了解北京市大、中学生性行为发生现况及其与物质成瘾行为的关系,为有效开展性健康教育提供参考.方法 多阶段分层整群随机抽取北京市高中76所、职业技术学校34所、大学12所的学生共24 520名,使用“中国青少年健康相关行为调查问卷”对学生进行集体自填式匿名问卷调查,了解性行为发生情况及其与物质成瘾行为的相关性.结果 高中、大学学生性行为报告率分别为7.31％和12.96％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).在已经发生过性行为的学生中,有20.05％发生过被迫性行为,有32.29％的学生有2个及以上的性伴,安全套的使用率为63.61％,有10.03％的学生曾经发生/造成意外妊娠.多因素非条件Logistic回归分析发现,现在吸烟、现在饮酒、重度饮酒、醉酒、吸毒、擅用镇静催眠类药物等均与性行为的发生存在相关性.结论 性行为已经成为北京市大、中学生的重大健康问题.早期、多角度地开展青春期性健康教育,是今后工作的重要方向.     

密云县校内青少年健康危险行为流行现况研究

目的了解密云县校园内青少年健康危险行为的流行现况,为学校和有关部门制定相关政策与防制措施提供科学依据。方法应用整群随机抽样的方法抽取1145名中学生,采用《中国青少年健康相关行为调查问卷》进行调查。结果被调查校内青少年中,9.5%～70.5%的学生存在不健康的饮食行为;8.7%～42.6%的学生骑车不遵守交通规则;8.9%的学生曾想过自杀,33.5%的学生曾想过离家出走;35.0%的学生曾尝试过吸烟;62.1%的学生曾喝过酒;0.7%的学生曾使用过毒品;5.0%～20.4%存在不同程度上的网络成瘾行为;31.0%的学生曾参加过类似赌博的娱乐活动;5.3%的学生曾有过性行为。结论密云县中学生不健康饮食行为发生率较高,乱穿马路、不遵守交通规则及打架是学生中最常见、最易导致伤害的危险行为。此外,在中学生群体中普遍存在吸烟和饮酒行为,运动不足、沉迷于网络、不安全性行为等危险行为在不同程度上影响了中学生的心理健康,应引起相关部门的关注和重视,并将其作为今后学生健康危险行为干预工作的重点。     

Youth risk behavior surveillance--United States, 2005

In the United States, 71% of all deaths among persons aged 10-24 years result from 4 causes: motorvehicle crashes, other unintentional injuries, homicide, and suicide. Results from the 2005 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) indicated that during the 30 days preceding the survey, many high school students engaged in behaviors that increased their likelihood of death from these 4 causes: 9.9% had driven a car or other vehicle when they had been drinking alcohol, 18.5% had carried a weapon, 43.3% had drunk alcohol, and 20.2% had used marijuana. In addition, during the 12 months preceding the survey, 35.9% of high school students had been in a physical fight and 8.4% had attempted suicide. Substantial morbidity and social problems among youth also result from unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus infection. During 2005, a total of 46.8% of high school students had ever had sexual intercourse, 37.2% of sexually active high school students had not used a condom at last sexual intercourse, and 2.1% had ever injected an illegal drug. Among adults aged > or =25 years, 61% of all deaths result from 2 causes: cardiovascular disease and cancer. Results from the 2005 national YRBS indicated that risk behaviors associated with these 2 causes of death were initiated during adolescence. During 2005, a total of 23.0% of high school students had smoked cigarettes during the 30 days preceding the survey, 79.9% had not eaten > or =5 times/day of fruits and vegetables during the 7 days preceding the survey, 67.0% did not attend physical education classes daily, and 13.1% were overweight.     

Substance Use and Sexual Intercourse Onsets in Adolescence: A Genetically Informative Discordant Twin Design

PurposeUsing a genetically informed, discordant twin analysis, the objective of this study was to examine whether earlier onset of drinking and smoking behaviors predicted early sexual intercourse onset.MethodsOver 3,400 adult same-sex twins from the Australian Twin Registry completed a structured interview that included retrospective reports on onsets of smoking, drinking, intoxication, and sexual intercourse and conduct disorder symptoms. A two-level frailty model estimated within-twin-pair and between-twin-pair comparisons. Onsets of smoking, drinking, drunkenness, and conduct disorder symptoms were estimated as sexual intercourse onset predictors.ResultsAfter controlling for conduct disorder, smoking and drinking onset did not predict sexual intercourse onset for either within-twin-pair or between-twin-pair comparisons. Drunkenness onset had a significant effect on sexual intercourse onset, such that twins who first experienced alcohol intoxication at a younger age than their co-twins were also more likely to have sex earlier than their co-twins.ConclusionsRelationships between substance use and sexual intercourse onsets may be due mostly to shared underlying factors; there was only a small relation between intoxication onset and sexual intercourse onset, and no direct relation between smoking and drinking onset and sexual intercourse onset.     

Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance — United States, 1993

ABSTRACT: Priority health risk behaviors that contribute to the leading causes of mortality, morbidity, and social problems among youth and adults often are established during youth, extend into adulthood, and are interrelated. The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) monitors six categories of priority health risk behaviors among youth and youth adults: behaviors that contribute to unintentional and intentional injuries, tobacco use, alcohol and other drug use, sexual behaviors, dietary behaviors, and physical activity. The YRBSS includes a national, school-based survey conducted by CDC and state and local school-based surveys conducted by state and local education agencies. This report summarizes results from the national survey, 24 state surveys, and nine local surveys conducted among high school students during February through May 1993. In the United States, 72% of all deaths among school-age youth and young adults are from four causes: motor vehicle crashes, other intentional injuries, homicide, and suicide. Results from the 1993 YRBSS suggest many high school students practice behaviors that may increase their likelihood of death from these four causes: 19.1% rarely or never use a safety belt, 35.3% had ridden during the 30 days preceding the survey with a driver who had been drinking alcohol, 22.1% had carried a weapon during the 30 days preceding the survey, 80.9% ever drank alcohol, 32.8% ever used marijuana, and 8.6% had attempted suicide during the 12 months preceding the survey. Substantial morbidity and social problems among adolescents also result from unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases including HIV infection. YRBSS results indicate that in 1993, 53% of high school students had experienced sexual intercourse, 52.8% of sexually active students had used a condom during last sexual intercourse, and 1.4% ever injected an illegal drug. Among adults, 67% of all deaths are from three causes: heart disease, cancer, and stroke. In 1993, many high school students practiced behaviors that may increase the risk for these health problems: 30.5% of high school students had smoked cigarettes during the 30 days preceding the survey, only 15.4% had eaten five or more servings of fruits and vegetables during the day preceding the survey, and only 34.3% had attended physical education class daily. YRBSS data are being used nationwide by health and education officials to improve school health policies and programs designed to reduce risks associated with the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. At the national level, YRBSS data are being used to measure progress toward achieving 26 national health objectives and one of eight National Education Goals.