多形拟杆菌对大鼠血糖的影响

目的 探讨多形拟杆菌对大鼠血糖的影响。方法 将46只SD大鼠按体质量的不同分为5组:普通饲料喂养组(A组,n=8)、高脂饲料喂养组(B组,n=8)、高脂饲料喂养+多形拟杆菌菌液灌喂组(C组,n=8)、糖尿病模型组(D组,n=10)和糖尿病模型+多形拟杆菌菌液灌喂组(E组,n=11)。A组采用普通饲料喂养,B、C、D和E 4组采用40%脂肪和胰岛素抵抗诱导模型饲料,每只大鼠25g·d-1饲料喂养。适应性喂养4周后,隔夜空腹12h,D、E2组大鼠腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)溶液35mg·kg-1;A、B和C 3组大鼠腹腔注射0.1mol·L-1柠檬酸钠缓冲液。A、B和C 3组大鼠均造模成功,D组死亡2只,E组死亡3只。实验第1天开始,C、E 2组大鼠采用多形拟杆菌菌液灌胃,连续7d;A、B和D 3组采用等量0.9%氯化钠注射液灌胃,连续7d。5组大鼠第0—12周采用电子秤称体质量1次。第0、4、8和12周,使用全自动生化仪、采用己糖激酶法检测5组大鼠空腹血糖(FPG)水平,采用ELISA法检测5组大鼠血清胰岛素水平,实时荧光定量PCR法测定5组大鼠肠道多形拟杆菌的数量。结果 与A、B 2组比较,C组大鼠第1—12周体质量均明显增加,D、E 2组大鼠第6—12周体质量均明显降低,C组大鼠第8、12周FPG水平均显著升高,D、E 2组大鼠第4、8和12周FPG水平均显著升高,C、D和E 3组大鼠第4、8和12周血清胰岛素水平均显著升高、肠道多形拟杆菌的数量均显著增多(P<0.05或P<0.01)。与C组比较,D、E 2组大鼠第1—12周体质量均明显降低,第4、8和12周FPG水平均显著升高、血清胰岛素水平均显著降低和肠道多形拟杆菌的数量均显著增多(P<0.05或P<0.01)。与D组比较,E组大鼠第6—12周体质量均明显增加,第4、8和12周FPG水平均显著升高、血清胰岛素水平均显著降低,第8、12周肠道多形拟杆菌的数量均显著增多(P<0.05或P<0.01)。肠道多形拟杆菌的数量与体质量、FPG水平均呈正相关(r=0.163、0.684,P<0.05或P<0.01),与血清胰岛素水平无相关性(r=-0.019,P>0.05)。结论 大鼠肠道多形拟杆菌不但能促进大鼠体质量增加,而且升高FPG。     

阿拉瑞林对顺铂所致大鼠卵巢毒性的保护作用

目的: 探讨阿拉瑞林对顺铂造成大鼠卵巢毒性的保护性作用.方法: 选用清洁级、12wk雌性Wistar大鼠 40只,体质量(245 6±15 8)g.随机分为A,B,C,D4组.A组给予顺铂 2mg/kg,ip,共 10d;B组先给阿拉瑞林 5μgsc10d后顺铂 2mg/kg,ip;C组给予阿拉瑞林5μgsc, 1次 /d,共 20d;D组为正常对照组.给药前后分别称体质量,实验结束后经心脏采血,测血清雌二醇 (E2 )、卵泡刺激素 (FSH)水平,摘除子宫及双侧卵巢,分别称湿质量并在光镜下进行形态学和病理学观察,进行各级卵泡记数.结果: A组与D组比较,体质量明显减轻 (P<0 0001 ),子宫质量明显下降 (P< 0 0001 ),各级卵泡数目明显减少 (P<0 0001 ),且伴有间质细胞或颗粒细胞的坏死、玻璃样变及纤维化;FSH水平明显升高(P<0 0001 ),而E2 水平明显下降 (P<0 0001 );B组原始卵泡数量明显多于A组 (P<0 0001),且未见间质细胞或颗粒细胞的坏死.结论: 阿拉瑞林对顺铂引起的大鼠卵巢毒性具有保护作用.     

维生素A缺乏对大鼠体格生长及生殖器官发育的影响

目的　探讨维生素A(VitA)缺乏对大鼠体格生长及生殖器官发育的影响。②方法　将断乳 2 1～2 3d的Wistar大鼠 ,雌雄各半 ,体质量 35～ 45g ,随机分为正常组、VitA缺乏组 ,分别饲喂正常饲料及无VitA的饲料 ,观察大鼠生长发育 ,每 7d测体质量 ,绘制生长曲线。喂养 90d后 ,采用荧光法测定血清VitA含量 ;摘取双侧睾丸和附睾 ,计算睾丸和附睾脏器系数。③结果　正常组的雄、雌大鼠血清VitA含量均为 (0 .89± 0 .0 4) μmol/L ,而VitA缺乏组雄、雌性大鼠血清VitA含量分别降低到 (0 .14± 0 .0 5 ) ,(0 .13± 0 .0 4) μmol/L ,两组比较 ,差异有极显著性 (t=40 .86 ,47.2 3,P <0 .0 1) ;VitA缺乏组大鼠生长发育较正常组明显减慢 (t=2 .11,2 .92 ,P <0 .0 1) ,睾丸、附睾脏器系数下降 (t=12 .12 ,3.83,P <0 .0 1)。④结论　维生素A缺乏严重阻碍大鼠体格生长及生殖器官发育     

β-胡萝卜素对大鼠急性放射性损伤的保护作用

目的 观察补充β-胡萝卜素对大鼠急性放射性损伤的保护作用.方法 取40只雌性SD大鼠,随机分为正常对照组(A组)、阳性对照组(B组)、β-胡萝卜素5 mg/(kg·d)组(C组)、β-胡萝卜素10 mg/(kg·d)组(D组).照射前C组按5 mg/(kg·d) 灌喂β-胡萝卜素,D组按10 mg/(kg·d)灌喂β-胡萝卜素,A组及B组按照相同体积灌喂花生油.连续灌胃14 d,第15天除A组外,其余各组大鼠分别给予腹部单次剂量9 Gy一次性X线照射.4 d后处死大鼠,检测各组大鼠血浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)含量及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活性.用单细胞凝胶电泳测定各组大鼠DNA损伤情况.结果 与B组比较,C、D组大鼠血浆MDA含量明显下降(F=5.23,q=4.20、2.80,P<0.05).D组大鼠血浆GSH-PX活性较B组明显升高(F=3.70,q=5.11,P<0.05).0 μmol/L H2O2诱导淋巴细胞氧化损伤时,B组大鼠淋巴细胞DNA自发性损伤情况较其他3组严重(F=105.06,q=19.85～21.53,P<0.05).结论 补充一定剂量β-胡萝卜素对X线腹部放射引发的生物膜脂质过氧化及DNA氧化损伤有较好的防护作用.     

牛磺酸和支链氨基酸对大鼠肝脏纤维化模型形态影响

①目的　探讨牛磺酸和支链氨基酸 (T&B)对大鼠肝脏纤维化模型肝脏形态的影响。②方法　用体积分数 0 .6的CCl4橄榄油溶液 3mL/kg体质量背部皮下注射制备大鼠肝纤维化模型 ,并饲一定比例混合的T&B复合物。实验分为对照组、模型组、甘利欣 (DGI)组和T&B(0 .5、1 .0、2 .0g/kg体质量 )组。 1 2周后观察大鼠肝组织的病理变化 ,并应用免疫组化技术及图像分析技术检测Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原在肝组织中的分布及含量。③结果　模型组肝组织纤维化程度与对照组相比有显著差异 (H =33.6 39,q =7.4 2 4 ,P <0 .0 1 )。应用T&B 1 .0、2 .0 g/kg体质量 6周后 ,Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原含量均明显下降 ,与模型组相比亦有显著差异 (Ⅰ型 :F =1 6 .4 35 ,q =8.739、8.378,P <0 .0 1 ;Ⅲ型 :F =1 0 .6 6 9,q =7.0 88、7.792 ,P <0 .0 1 )。 ④结论　T&B能够影响肝组织中Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原等细胞外基质的沉积 ,抑制CCl4诱导的大鼠肝纤维化的进展     

肝素对急性肺损伤治疗保护作用的实验研究

①目的　探讨肝素对急性肺损伤 (ALI)的治疗保护作用。②方法　选取Wistar大鼠 6 0只 ,随机分为生理盐水对照组 (A组 )、内毒素 (LPS)注射组 (B组 )、大剂量肝素治疗组 (C组 )、中等剂量肝素治疗组 (D组 )和小剂量肝素治疗组 (E组 )。除A、B组向大鼠腹腔内分别注射生理盐水和内毒素外 ,其他组向大鼠腹腔内注射LPS后 4h ,再注射不同剂量肝素 ,12h后处死大鼠。每组随机选取 7只大鼠取肺组织测肺含水量并进行病理检查。各组余5只大鼠断颈后取外周血并行支气管肺泡灌洗 ,应用ELISA法检测血及支气管肺泡灌洗液 (BALF)中的肿瘤坏死因子 α(TNF α)、白细胞介素 1β(IL 1β)、白细胞介素 8(IL 8)浓度 ;取其沉淀物 ,经Wright染色 ,计数 10 0个细胞中多形核白细胞 (PMN)所占百分比并计数白细胞。③结果　B、C、D、E组TNF α、IL 1β、IL 8浓度明显高于A组 (F=7.71～ 2 1.2 0 ,q =5 .2 2～ 7.80 ,P <0 .0 1) ;其中灌洗液中的浓度高于血浆中的浓度 (t=4 .32～ 10 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ;C、D、E组浓度较B组明显下降 (q =3.6 4～ 5 .70 ,P <0 .0 5 )。B、C、D、E组BALF中WBC计数及PMN所占百分比与A组比较 ,差异均有显著性 (F =5 8.0 0、32 .34,q =6 .76～ 2 0 .83,P <0 .0 5 ) ;C、D、E组与B组比较差异均有显著性 (q =6     

藻蓝蛋白对2型糖尿病大鼠心肌细胞内iNOS表达影响

目的研究藻蓝蛋白对2型糖尿病大鼠心肌细胞结构及诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)表达的影响,探讨可能的作用机制。方法健康雄性Wistar大鼠32只,适应性喂养1周后,随机选择8只为正常组(A组),其余24只应用高脂高糖饲料喂养4周,联合30 mg/kg链脲佐菌素(STZ)腹腔注射方法建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型,造模成功后,将其随机分为模型组(B组)、藻蓝蛋白治疗组(C组)及二甲双胍治疗组(D组),各8只,C、D组分别用藻蓝蛋白及二甲双胍灌胃治疗10 d,生化方法测定各组大鼠空腹血糖,组织病理学技术观察各组大鼠心肌细胞的形态结构,免疫组化技术检测各组大鼠心肌细胞内iNOS的表达。结果造模成功后,B、C、D组空腹血糖与A组相比明显升高(F=17.54,q=7.73~8.72,P<0.01);治疗后C、D组大鼠空腹血糖较B组明显降低,差异有显著性(F=21.79,q=4.16、7.03,P<0.01);C、D组大鼠心肌细胞的病理形态及结构较B组有较大改善;C、D组大鼠心肌细胞内iNOS阳性细胞数与B组相比明显减少(F=180.30,q=18.88、24.40,P<0.01),而C组与D组大鼠心肌细胞iNOS阳性细胞数比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论藻蓝蛋白可降低糖尿病大鼠空腹血糖水平,改善心肌细胞损伤,并抑制糖尿病大鼠心肌细胞iNOS表达,其作用可能通过抗氧化机制,保护糖尿病状态下的心肌细胞。     

维生素A缺乏对大鼠生育力的影响

①目的　探讨维生素A(VitA)缺乏对大鼠生育力的影响。②方法　采用断乳期 2 1～ 2 3dWistar大鼠 ,雌雄各半 ,体质量 35～ 4 5 g ,随机分为正常组和VitA缺乏组 ,分别饲喂正常饲料及无VitA的饲料 ,观察大鼠生长发育 ,喂养 70d后 ,进行生育力实验 ;90d后 (孕鼠为妊娠 2 0d) ,腹主动脉取血 ,采用荧光法测定血清VitA含量。③结果　VitA缺乏组受孕率明显低于正常组 (χ2 =1 5 .0 4 ,P <0 .0 1 ) ,其活胎数、死胎数、吸收胎数与正常组比较有显著性差异 (χ2 =78.6 0 ,P <0 .0 1 )。正常组的雄、雌大鼠血清VitA水平均为 (0 .89± 0 .0 4 ) μmol/L ,而VitA缺乏组雄、雌性大鼠血清VitA水平分别降低到 (0 .1 4± 0 .0 5 )、(0 .1 3± 0 .0 4 ) μmol/L ,两组比较 ,差异有显著性 (t =4 0 .86、4 7.2 3,P <0 .0 1 )。④结论　维生素A缺乏使大鼠的生育力明显下降     

牛磺酸对阿尔茨海默病模型大鼠学习记忆能力影响

目的探讨牛磺酸对阿尔茨海默病(AD)大鼠学习记忆能力的影响及其机制。方法雄性SD大鼠84只,随机分为正常组、假手术组、模型组、阳性对照组及牛磺酸大、中、小剂量组,每组12只大鼠。正常组、假手术组和模型组给予生理盐水灌胃,阳性对照组给予哈伯因(0.16mg.kg-1.d-1)灌胃,牛磺酸大、中、小剂量组分别给予牛磺酸(600、400、200mg.kg-1.d-1)灌胃。灌胃10d后,模型组及牛磺酸大、中、小剂量组分别于右侧海马注入5μL Aβ1-40,假手术组注入等量磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS,0.01mol/L),正常组不做任何处理。采用Morris水迷宫实验进行大鼠学习记忆能力测试,同时测定海马中乙酰胆碱(Ach)、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、乙酰胆碱转移酶(ChAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性及丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果与模型组比较,阳性对照组及牛磺酸中、大剂量组逃避潜伏期均显著缩短(F=2.20,q=4.13～4.52,P<0.05),穿越平台次数及第三象限活动时间明显增加(F=2.78、2.56,q=3.74～4.38,P<0.05),Ach含量和ChAT、SOD、GSH-Px活性明显增高(F=2.22～3.38,q=3.41～4.25,P<0.05),AChE活性和MDA含量明显降低(F=5.13、5.04,q=3.27～4.46,P<0.05)。结论牛磺酸可显著改善AD模型大鼠的学习记忆能力,其机制可能与其抗氧化及改善胆碱能系统的功能有关。     

异种胰岛和胸腺联合移植治疗糖尿病的实验研究

目的 :探讨供者胸腺与胰岛联合移植在诱导免疫耐受中的作用。方法 :昆明种小鼠为供体 ,Wistar大鼠为受体。 A组为单纯胰岛移植组 ,B组为胰岛和胸腺联合移植组 ,C组为胸腺细胞预注射于受体胸腺 7d后 ,胰岛和胸腺联合移植组。结果 :A组移植物功能存活时间为 (6 .4 0± 1.90 ) d,B组为(2 1.2 0± 10 .74 ) d,C组为 (36 .70± 15 .11) d。 B组和 C组与 A组比较 ,差异具有显著性 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :胸腺移植对诱导免疫耐受、提高异种胰岛移植物存活有一定作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.