关节镜辅助下治疗前叉韧带胫骨髁间棘撕脱性骨折的临床疗效

目的探讨关节镜辅助下治疗前叉韧带胫骨髁间棘撕脱性骨折的疗效。方法选择2008年6月一2012年12月行关节镜下前叉韧带胫骨髁间棘撕脱性骨折患者115例。关节镜监视下行骨折清创复位,利用前十字韧带胫骨导向器在骨折床上精确定位钻成对的2mm骨隧道,双股骨科高强缝线关节内“十”字形固定骨块,缝线的末端拴桩固定于关节外螺钉上。比较术前、术后Lysholm评分及膝关节活动度情况。结果完成随访97例,随访时间6～54个月,平均28．7个月。末次随访时拍x线片示骨折均解剖复位或接近解剖复位;Lachman试验均为阴性;术后Lysholm评分为（94．2±3．6）分,与术前（46．5±2．9）分比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。术后膝关节活动度正常者88例;术后4～6w出现膝关节屈曲轻度受限者8例,活动度0°～90°,给予闭合松解后膝关节活动度恢复至0°～120°;发生严重膝关节纤维化者1例,活动度0°～30°,再次行关节镜下松解后膝关节活动度达0°～100°。结论关节镜手术治疗前交叉韧带胫骨髁间棘撕脱性骨折创伤小,方法可靠、易行,可作为治疗此类骨折的常规方法。     

关节镜下爱惜邦缝线固定治疗胫骨髁间棘骨折16例

目的:探讨关节镜下爱惜邦缝线固定治疗胫骨髁间棘撕脱骨折的手术疗效。方法:收集胫骨髁间棘撕脱骨折患者16例,采用关节镜下骨折复位,爱惜邦缝线经胫骨结节内侧骨道穿入,于前交叉韧带止点围绕胫骨髁间棘撕脱骨折块交叉捆扎固定。术后进行随访观察,判定骨折愈合情况、并发症发生情况及膝关节Lysholm评分。结果:随访病例16例,随访时间6~22个月,平均12.3个月。所有患者骨折全部愈合,膝关节无不稳症状,术后参照Lysholm评分90~100分,平均95.2分。结论:关节镜下爱惜邦缝线固定治疗胫骨髁间棘撕脱骨折具有手术创伤小,固定牢固,愈合良好,避免再次取内固定物手术损伤,并可早期功能锻练。     

关节镜下尼龙编织缝线固定胫骨髁间棘撕脱骨折

目的探讨关节镜下尼龙编织缝线固定胫骨髁间棘撕脱骨折的方法及疗效。方法24例患者均经关节镜辅助下行骨折复位,借助于前交叉韧带定位器于胫骨结节内侧做4个骨隧道,2条Ethibond 2#线于胫骨髁间棘撕脱骨折处交叉固定,经骨隧道引出固定于胫骨结节内侧。结果24例患者全部均获得随访,随访时间3-15个月,平均10.7个月。X线片示骨折全部愈合,所有病例膝关节屈伸功能正常。结论关节镜辅助下尼龙编织缝线固定胫骨髁间棘撕脱骨折具有创伤小、关节功能障碍发生率低的优点,是一种可靠的方法。     

关节镜治疗胫骨髁间前棘撕脱骨折17例

胫骨髁间前棘撕脱骨折是一种特殊的关节内骨折,由于胫骨髁间前棘是交叉韧带的附着点,治疗不当会导致膝关节不稳定,畸形愈合致髁间窝撞击引起伸膝受限,多年来采用传统的切开复位方法,手术创伤较大,术后导致关节感染、粘连,影响膝关节功能恢复,近年来我们采用关节镜微创手术治疗胫骨髁间前棘撕脱骨折,取得了很好的疗效,现报道如下。     

关节镜下复位可吸收钉协同双线锚钉固定治疗胫骨髁间棘骨折的临床研究

目的:探讨关节镜下复位可吸收钉协同双线锚钉固定治疗胫骨髁间棘骨折了临床疗效.方法:完成手术30例.关节镜下复位可吸收钉协同双线锚钉固定治疗胫骨髁间棘骨折.结果:本组30例获得随访,随访时间3～24个月,平均10个月.所有患者术后膝关节功能恢复良好.结论:关节镜下复位可吸收钉协同双线锚钉内固定前交叉韧带下止点撕脱性骨折具有良好的效果.     

关节镜下可吸收螺钉治疗胫骨髁间前棘撕脱骨折

目的　探讨关节镜下可吸收螺钉治疗胫骨髁间前棘撕脱骨折的手术方法。方法　采用关节镜探察膝关节 ,关节镜监视下行骨折复位 ,再用可吸收螺钉固定。结果　 7例获随访 ,随访时间 5 - 2 7个月 ,平均 16 .7个月。X片示所有骨折解剖复位 ,骨折全部愈合 ,关节活动度正常 6例 ,屈膝受限 2 0度 1例。结论　关节镜下可吸收螺钉治疗胫骨髁间前棘撕脱骨折 ,手术方法简便易行 ,创伤小 ,可避免固定物的取出     

关节镜下复位固定18例前交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折的临床疗效观察

目的探讨关节镜下复位固定前交叉韧带(ACL)胫骨止点撕脱骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2008年5月至2011年5月该院关节镜下复位固定18例ACL胫骨止点撕脱骨折患者的临床资料。结果 X线片示全部患者骨折均Ⅰ期愈合,膝关节活动度恢复到正常解剖复位者17例,1例伸屈活动度为0°～110°。结论关节镜监视下复位固定ACL胫骨止点撕脱骨折对关节影响小,最大限度地减少手术创伤,手术方法简便易行。     

膝关节胫骨髁间区骨折的关节镜下诊治临床分析

目的　为明确膝关节胫骨髁间区骨折的意义 ,与传统“髁间嵴骨折”概念相区别 ;探索其关节镜下表现、诊断和治疗效果。方法　对 4 6例胫骨髁间区骨折病人行关节镜检和镜下或结合切开骨折复位钢丝抽出或螺钉内固定术治疗 ,经膝关节检查功能评分和患者主观印象评价效果。结果　关节镜检发现髁间区骨折 4 6例全是十字韧带胫骨止端撕脱骨折 ,2例合并胫骨平台软骨及软骨下骨骨折累及髁间嵴 ;无 1例单纯髁间嵴骨折。术前 4 6例按功能障碍评分 15～ 33分 ,平均 2 5 .17分 ,术后 12周随访评分 1～ 9分 ,平均 4 .5 8分 ,治疗有效 :4 6例中优 5 0 %、良 8.70 %、中 32 .6 1%、差8.70 % ,积分平均改善率 85 .10 % ,主观评价满意度 91.6 7%。复查 X线片骨折复位及固定愈合满意。结论　关节镜检能明确诊断胫骨髁间区骨折并加以分类为 :1髁间嵴骨折 ;2十字韧带胫骨止端撕脱骨折 ;3十字韧带胫骨止端撕脱骨折伴髁间嵴骨折。尤其十字韧带胫骨止端撕脱骨折发生率极高 (近 10 0 % ) ,对认识十字韧带稳定性的功能丧失尤其重要。同时在关节镜下或结合切开行骨折复位、内固定的手术方法治疗以重建十字韧带稳定性。可获得满意的治疗效果     

关节镜下可吸收线与钢丝内固定治疗胫骨髁间嵴骨折的对比分析

目的：比较可吸收线与钢丝两种内固定材料治疗胫骨髁间嵴骨折的临床效果。方法：2000年3月～2008年8月共完成36例手术,A组使用爱惜康编织可吸收0号线固定20例,B组使用钢丝固定16例。两组采用同一手术方法及术者,即在关节镜监视下行撕脱骨折块复位,利用前十字韧带胫骨导向器在骨床或骨块上准确确定钻孔位置,横穿前十字韧带基底并经骨床或骨块上的钻孔及骨隧道引出关节外打结、固定。结果：全部病例获得随访,随访时间为4～24个月,平均12个月;膝关节活动度正常者34例,2例Ⅲ型骨折关节屈曲活动〈90°。X线片示骨折全部愈合,两组复位情况及术后骨折愈合方面无明显差异,而A组在生物相容性、生物力学、关节功能及并发症等方面较B组优越,但A组平均手术时间较B组长7min。结论：关节镜监视下手术治疗胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折可最大程度地减少手术创伤,手术方法简便易行,使用爱惜康编织可吸收0号线固定较钢丝固定具有较多的优越性。     

关节镜下复位及尼龙缝线固定治疗胫骨髁间棘撕脱骨折

目的 探讨关节镜下复位及尼龙编织缝线内固定治疗胫骨髁间棘撕脱性骨折的方法及疗效分析.方法 采用关节镜下治疗胫骨髁间棘撕脱性骨折21例,其中Ⅱ型7例,Ⅲ型10例,Ⅳ型4例.在关节镜监视下行骨折复位、利用前交叉韧带胫骨导向器准确确定骨床或骨块上的钻孔位置;于胫骨结节内下部经皮向关节腔钻入两个骨隧道;采用双股5号尼龙编织缝线横穿前交叉韧带基底并经骨床或骨块上的钻孔及骨隧道引出关节外打结固定子胫骨结节内前方的骨桥上.结果 术后21例均获得随访6～30 个月,平均15个月.术后Lachman和抽屉试验均为阴性.X线片显示除2例骨块前缘有2 mm上撬外均为解剖复位,骨折全部愈合.膝关节活动正常者18例,屈膝活动受限者3例,但均超过90°,其中1例因术后3个月膝关节伸屈范围仅0°,-20°,-45°,在关节镜下行膝关节二次松解术,膝关节伸屈范围达0°,-10°,-110°.术后末次随访膝关节Lysholm评分为(92.8±2.5)分(86～100 分).结论 关节镜下复位及双股尼龙编织缝线固定治疗胫骨髁间棘撕脱骨折,复位满意、固定可靠;该手术方法简便易行,创伤小,有利于膝关节功能恢复.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.