A Menthol Loading Test for Glucuronide Synthesis Normal Values

A menthol loading test, carried out in 19 normal young men, was found to have a wide normal range, and hence to be of limited diagnostic value in cases of hyperbilirubinaemia which might be due to impaired glucuronide synthesis.     

双鱼颗粒挥发性成分指纹图谱和定量分析

目的建立双鱼颗粒挥发性成分指纹图谱及定量测定方法。方法 Agilent DB-1毛细管柱(30 m×0.32 mm,0.25μm);进样量为1μL;分流比为25∶1;进样口温度为230℃;以氮气为载气,体积流量0.6 mL/min;FID检测器温度为250℃;程序升温。结果建立的指纹图谱分离度和重复性良好,确定12个共有峰,各批次样品相似度在0.95以上;采用GC/MS对色谱峰进行定性分析,其中7个成分经对照品比对,分别为桉油精(峰2)、樟脑(峰3)、薄荷酮(峰4)、龙脑(峰5)、薄荷脑(峰6)、(+)-胡薄荷酮(峰9)、甲基正壬酮(峰10),其中1、10、11、12号峰主要来自于鱼腥草,2、5号峰主要来自于艾叶和薄荷,3号峰主要来自于艾叶,4、6、8、9号峰主要来自于薄荷,7号峰主要来自于艾叶、薄荷和鱼腥草。并对其中桉油精、薄荷脑进行定量分析,平均回收率分别为103.9%和98.2%,RSD分别为2.1%和2.3%。10批次样品中桉油精为0.17～0.23mg/g,薄荷脑为0.45～0.67mg/g。结论建立的双鱼颗粒指纹图谱和2个指标成分定量分析方法,快速、简便、准确,能有效评价该制剂的质量。     

气相色谱法同时检测附桂风湿膏中薄荷脑、冰片和水杨酸甲酯的含量

目的建立附桂风湿膏中薄荷脑、冰片、水杨酸甲酯的GC检测方法。方法采用毛细管气相色谱法,色谱柱为EC-WAX毛细管柱(30 m×0.53 mm×0.15μm);柱温(程序升温):初始温度为80℃,保持5 min,10℃·min-1,升至180℃后保持10 min,进样口温度为180℃,检测器温度为230℃;载气为氮气,分流比为10:1,流量:7.5 mL·min-1。结果本法线性关系良好,各精密度RSD均<1.2%,薄荷脑、冰片、水杨酸甲酯的平均加样回收率分别为99.1%、98.8%、101.6%,RSD分别为2.2%、2.9%、2.1%。结论该方法操作简便快速,灵敏度高,准确度好,可作为附桂风湿膏质量控制方法。     

吴药薄荷挥发油成分的GCMS分析与薄荷醇含量测定

目的?通过对苏州市地区5个吴药薄荷药材挥发油成分、含量等相关的研究,为吴门药用植物资源的保护问题提供理论和实验依据。方法?采用水蒸汽蒸馏法进行挥发油的提取,运用GCMS进行化学成分鉴定及含量测定,计算其相似度。结果?挥发油含量从0.2%至1.7% (mL/g)不等。除一个样品外,其余相似度都较高。结论?苏州地区吴药薄荷其化学成分丰富,薄荷醇含量较高,值得保护与开发。      

The roles of TRPV1, TRPA1 and TRPM8 channels in chemical and thermal sensitivity of the mouse oral mucosa

Spices in food and beverages and compounds in tobacco smoke interact with sensory irritant receptors of the transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channel family. TRPV1 (vanilloid type 1), TRPA1 (ankyrin 1) and TRPM8 (melastatin 8) not only elicit action potential signaling through trigeminal nerves, eventually evoking pungent or cooling sensations, but by their calcium conductance they also stimulate the release of calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP). This is measured as an index of neuronal activation to elucidate the chemo‐ and thermosensory transduction in the isolated mouse buccal mucosa of wild types and pertinent knockouts. We found that the lipophilic capsaicin, mustard oil and menthol effectively get access to the nerve endings below the multilayered squamous epithelium, while cigarette smoke and its gaseous phase were weakly effective releasing CGRP. The hydrophilic nicotine was ineffective unless applied unprotonated in alkaline (pH9) solution, activating TRPA1 and TRPV1. Also, mustard oil activated both these irritant receptors in millimolar but only TRPA1 in micromolar concentrations; in combination (1 mm ) with heat (45 °C), it showed supraadditive, that is heat sensitizing, effects in TRPV1 and TRPA1 knockouts, suggesting action on an unknown heat‐activated channel and mustard oil receptor. Menthol caused little CGRP release by itself, but in subliminal concentration (2 mm ), it enabled a robust cold response that was absent in TRPM8^?/? but retained in TRPA1^?/? and strongly reduced by TRPM8 inhibitors. In conclusion, all three relevant irritant receptors are functionally expressed in the oral mucosa and play their specific roles in inducing neurogenic inflammation and sensitization to heat and cold.     

顶空气相色谱法测定川贝枇杷糖浆中薄荷脑的含量

目的：建立顶空气相色谱法测定川贝枇杷糖浆中薄荷脑的含量。方法：采用顶空进样测定。Agilent HP-5石英毛细管柱（30×0.32mm,0.25μm）载气为高纯氮气,FID检测器,检测器温度为250℃,柱温为130℃,顶空进样平衡温度：80℃;平衡时间30min。结果：薄荷脑线性范围为0.400-40.400μg/ml（r=0.9997）,平均加样回收率为97.92%,RSD%为2.11%。结论：该方法操作简单,快速可行,结果可靠。