Patient Extrication Process for Urban Emergency Departments

ObjectivesThis project aimed to create and implement a safe and efficient role-based process to rapidly extricate traumatically injured persons transported to the emergency department via police transport or private vehicle.MethodsA simulation exercise was conducted with an interdisciplinary team of ED personnel, Philadelphia Police Department, and University of Pennsylvania police officers to identify the necessary steps to rapidly extricate traumatically injured individuals.ResultsThe simulation exercise identified several new processes needed to complete rapid extrications of traumatically injured individuals from private and police vehicles. These included a safe drop-off location, ED personnel role identification, proper personal protective equipment donning, 2 rapid extrication techniques, and a hard stop for weapon check by security before entering the emergency department.ConclusionsThrough simulation, the ED interdisciplinary team was able to develop a role-based safe and efficient rapid extrication process. Educating new ED personnel, security, and Pennsylvania police continues to facilitate ongoing safe rapid extrication practices in the emergency department.     

关节镜联合关节牵张成形术治疗踝关节创伤性关节炎

目的对比分析单纯关节镜手术与关节镜手术联合Ilizarov外固定架关节牵张术治疗踝关节创伤性关节炎的临床疗效。 方法纳入2016年10月至2018年4月聊城市中医医院收治的早中期踝关节创伤性关节炎患者30例，排除非创伤性关节炎和终末期踝关节炎。其中接受单纯踝关节镜手术者纳入对照组(n＝15)，接受关节镜手术联合Ilizarov外固定架关节牵张成形术者纳入研究组(n＝15)，术后随访6个月，对比分析两组患者的治疗效果：疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、踝关节功能评分(Kofoed评分)以及生活质量的变化。计数资料比较采用卡方或Fisher精确检验，计量资料比较采用独立样本t检验。 结果研究组治疗有效率大于对照组(χ²＝7.214，P<0.05)，术后疼痛视觉模拟评分明显低于对照组(t ＝10.342，P<0.05)，Kofoed评分高于对照组(t ＝10.452，P<0.05)；研究组生活质量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。 结论关节镜手术联合关节牵张成形术对早中期踝关节创伤性关节炎较单纯关节镜手术短期效果更好，可成为临床治疗中的一种选择，但远期效果尚需进一步研究。     

Impact of the earthquake during COVID-19 lockdown on fracture admission at a tertiary trauma centre in Croatia

PurposeTo determine the impact of an earthquake during COVID-19 lockdown on fracture admission at a tertiary trauma centre in Croatia.MethodsA case-control study was performed at the tertiary trauma centre registry. Two different periods were studied. The case group included a period during COVID-19 lockdown right after the earthquakes until the end of the confinement period in Croatia. And the control group corresponded to the equivalent period in 2019. We identified all consecutive patients who were admitted due to urgent care requirements for the musculoskeletal trauma. Patient's demographic data and admitting diagnoses were assessed. Data were analyzed by statistical procedures using the program MedCalc statistical software version 16.4.3.ResultsWe identified 178 emergency admissions due to musculoskeletal trauma. During the COVID-19 lockdown and post-earthquake period, there was a drastic reduction in total admissions (359 vs. 662; p < 0.0001) with an increased proportion of trauma admissions within the emergency admissions (34.9% vs. 26.5%; p = 0.02926, Z = ?2.1825). Furthermore, in the case group there was a significant increase in hospital admissions due to ankle/foot trauma (11 vs. 2, p = 0.0126) and a trend towards a decrease in the admissions due to tibia fractures (5 vs. 12, p = 0.0896), however without statistical significance. Also, an increased proportion of women within the group of femoral fractures in both case group (81.6% vs. 52.6%, p = 0.00194, Z = 3.1033) and the control group (82.3% vs. 60.5%, p = 0.0232, Z = 2.2742) was observed. In both analyzed periods, the osteoporotic hip fracture was the most common independent admitting diagnosis.ConclusionIt is crucial to understand how natural disasters like earthquakes influence the pattern of trauma admissions during a coexisting pandemic. Accordingly, healthcare systems have to be prepared for an increased influx of certain pathology, like foot and ankle trauma.     

儿童期创伤应对方式自动思维与大学生抑郁特质间的关系

目的探讨儿童期创伤与抑郁特质之间的中介和调节机制,为开展相关研究和干预提供参考。方法2017-2018年采用整群抽样的方法,抽取湖南某高校大一年级2 786名学生完成儿童期创伤问卷、状态特质抑郁问卷、自动思维问卷和特质应对方式问卷的调查。结果儿童期创伤、自动思维和消极应对对抑郁特质起正向的预测作用,积极应对对抑郁特质起负向的预测作用(β值分别为0.12,0.43,0.14,-0.33,P值均<0.05)。自动思维中介儿童期创伤与抑郁特质之间的关系(Bootstrapping法的95%CI为0.03~0.06)。消极应对分别调节了儿童期创伤与自动思维和儿童期创伤与抑郁特质之间的关系(P值均<0.05)。结论儿童期创伤影响抑郁特质,其关系受到应对方式和自动思维的影响。     

How to become Pediatric Orthopedic surgeon inEurope:a long journey offering a unique career,full of satisfactions

In most European countries,Pediatric Orthopedic (PO) surgeons graduated from an approved Orthopedic and Trauma surgery training program which lasts 5 or 6 years,depending on the country.Upon completion of the Orthopedic and Trauma surgery program,the future PO surgeon must complete an additional subspecialty training (one to two years,depending on the country) in PO surgery.The possibility to become a certified PO surgeon through the specialization in Pediatric Surgery (option Orthopedics) or through a dedicated PO surgery training program only exists in France and in Romania,respectively.Credit as active and fully responsible PO surgeon can only be claimed when the trainee has actively participated in all phases of treatment,from diagnosis to treatment,without forgetting the management of complications and the setting up of an adequate follow-up of children and adolescents with musculoskeletal disorders.     

超声清创治疗慢性创面的疗效观察

目的探讨应用多功能清创仪对慢性创面进行超声清创治疗的临床效果。 方法将2016年10月至2018年10月黑龙江省医院烧伤科收治的、符合入选标准的60例慢性创面患者按随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,每组30例。治疗组患者适当清除创面坏死组织后,采用多功能清创仪进行超声清创治疗2周,每周2次;对照组患者应用传统床旁清创和隔日换药治疗。2组患者首次清创治疗前、后12 d分别取创面标本送检。记录2组患者首次清创治疗前及治疗后12 d的创面细菌数量、创面细菌清除率和创面日本褥疮经过评价标准各指标评分。数据比较采用t检验和χ²检验。 结果首次清创治疗前,治疗组与对照组患者创面检测出金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌,菌落数比较差异均无统计学意义(P值均大于0.05);治疗后12 d,2组患者创面对应细菌数比较,差异均有统计学意义(P值均小于0.05)。清创治疗后12 d,治疗组患者创面金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌,细菌清除率分别为(77.66±4.18)%、(76.12±5.14)%、(80.69±4.92)%、(75.95±3.16)%,与对照组(42.64±2.37)%、(37.14±2.68)%、(27.12±3.17)%、(41.77±2.59)%比较,差异均有统计学意义(t＝5.39、3.97、3.87、5.37,P值均小于0.05)。首次清创治疗前2组患者创面情况比较差异均无统计学意义(P值均大于0.05)。治疗后12 d治疗组日本褥疮经过评价标准综合评分总分(13.60±3.28) 分,与对照组治疗后12 d (20.33±4.79) 分相比,差异有统计学意义(t＝6.14,P<0.05)。 结论多功能清创仪超声清创治疗慢性创面的临床效果较佳,值得临床治疗推广。     

建设具有中国特色的网络化创烧伤救治体系以提高救治成功率的理论与实践

严重创烧伤由于其突发性、群体性、惨烈性和对公众的巨大冲击,一直是国家防控的重点。本文就建立我国网络化的创烧伤救治体系的重要性和必要性进行了系统论述,特别就这一网络化救治体系建设的规划和重点进行了讨论。在此基础上就存在的问题和今后的发展方向进行了展望。     

颌面损伤严重度评分的研究

比较简明损伤定级(abbreviated injury scale,AIS)2005与AIS 1998在评价颌面部损伤严重度及创伤结局的差异,探讨简明损伤定级AIS 2005的临床可行性及实用价值.方法采用AIS 2005和AIS 1998对450例颌面部创伤病例资料分别进行回顾性分析,并分为AIS 2005组(450例,A组)、AIS 1998组(450例,B组).结果损伤严重度评分(injuries severity score,ISS)值递增,两组病死率、并发症发生率均上升;当ISS>20时,A组病死率明显上升;ISS>15、ISS<20时,A组病死率较B组显著降低(P=0.001).各ISS分值段并发症发生率A组高于B组.结论 ISS评价创伤及其结局预测总体AIS 2005优于AIS 1998;AIS 2005评分标准较AIS 1998能够更加敏感地反映创伤的严重度.使用AIS 2005评价多发伤时,应以ISS>20界定严重多发伤.     

游离组织瓣修复口腔颌面部创伤性组织缺损

探讨游离组织瓣在口腔颌面部创伤性组织缺损重建中的应用.方法回顾北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院口腔颌面外科1999至2007年应用游离组织瓣重建创伤性组织缺损病例20例,分析受伤原因、缺损情况、游离组织瓣类型、手术并发症和术后功能恢复情况.结果 20例合并大型口腔颌面部软硬组织缺损患者中,单纯软组织缺损8例,软硬组织复合缺损12例;15例为Ⅱ期手术,5例为同期手术或与骨折复位固定术同期完成.20块游离组织瓣应用于缺损修复,其中腓骨瓣11例、髂骨瓣1例、前臂皮瓣7例、肩胛皮瓣1例,全部皮瓣均移植成功,未出现皮瓣坏死.结论 游离组织瓣移植安全可靠,可以修复口腔颌面部创伤性软硬组织缺损.腓骨瓣和前臂皮瓣是最常用的游离组织瓣.早期应用游离组织瓣修复创伤性软硬组织缺损可有效避免局部瘢痕和组织变形移位,缩短治疗时间,提高治疗效果.     

Winging of scapula due to serratus anterior tear

Winging of scapula occurs most commonly due to injury to long thoracic nerve supplying serratus anterior muscle.Traumatic injury to serratus anterior muscle itself is very rare.We reported a case of traumatic winging of scapula due to tear of serratus anterior muscle in a 19-year-old male.Winging was present in neutral position and in extension of right shoulder joint but not on ＂push on wall＂ test.Patient was managed conservatively and achieved satisfactory result.