致心律失常性右室发育不良室性心动过速的电生理检查和外科治疗（附一例报告）

报告药物治疗无效、射频导管消融失败的致心律失常性右室发育不良（ＡＲＶＤ）顽固性室性心动过速（简称室速）１例患者，在电生理导引下行右室前游离壁隔离术治疗成功。术后随访７个月无室速发作，左室收缩功能正常。提示部分右室隔离术对有生命危险和药物治疗无效及射频导管消融失败的ＡＲＶＤ室速患者是安全、有效的     

眼针治疗阵发性室上性心动过速120例的即时疗效观察

目的:观察眼针对阵发性室上性心动过速的即时疗效。方法:选择符合诊断标准的门诊患者120例,针其眼针穴区:心区和上焦区。针后30分钟描记心电图,计算心率,观察眼针对阵发性室上性心动过速的影响。结果:显效103例,占85.83%;有效9例,占7.5%;无效8例,占6.66%;总有效率93.33%.结论:眼针对阵发性室上性心动过速有较好的即时疗效。     

Endocardial catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in patients with ventricular assist devices

BACKGROUND: The outcomes of patients with ventricular assist devices (VADs) who undergo catheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) have not been reported. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of endocardial VT ablation in patients with VADs. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed three cases at our institution where endocardial catheter ablation was performed in patients with VADs and incessant VT. RESULTS: Three patients with underlying cardiomyopathies and VADs underwent VT ablation for incessant VT refractory to multiple antiarrhythmic medications. In each case, VT was either eliminated or significantly ameliorated by catheter ablation. No procedure-related complications occurred. The hemodynamic stability afforded by the VAD played an important role in facilitating ablation in two of the cases. CONCLUSION: Catheter ablation for VT in VAD patients appears to be feasible, safe, and effective based on our initial experience. Several technical issues, such as decreases in ventricular volumes that can limit maneuverability of the ablation catheter and potential entrapment of the mapping catheter in the inflow cannula, need to be considered at the time of ablation.     

Naloxone-provoked vaso-vagal response to head-up tilt in men

A double-blind paired protocol was used to evaluate, in eight male volunteers, the effects of the endogenous opiate antagonist naloxone (NAL; 0.05 mg· kg^–1) on cardiovascular responses to 50° head-up tilt-induced central hypovolaemia. Progressive central hypovolaemia was characterized by a phase of normotensive-tachycardia followed by an episode of hypotensive-bradycardia. The NAL shortened the former from 20 (8–40) to 5 (3–10) min (median and range; (P < 0.02). Control head-up tilt increased the means of thoracic electrical impedance [from 35.8 (SEM 2.1) to 40.0 (SEM 1.8) ; P < 0.01 of heart rate [HR; from 67 (SEM 5) to 96 (SEM 8) beats · min^–1, P < 0.02], of total peripheral resistance [TPR; from 25.5 (SEM 3.2) to 50.4 (SEM 10.5)mmHg min 1^–1,P < 0.05] and of mean arterial pressure [MAP; from 96 (SEM 2) to 101 (SEM 2)mmHg, P < 0.02]. Decreases were observed in stroke volume [from 65 (SEM 12) to 38 (SEM 9) ml, P < 0.01], in cardiac output [from 3.7 (SEM 0.7) to 2.5 (SEM 0.5) 1 · mint, P < 0.01], in pulse pressure [from 55 (SEM 4) to 37 (SEM 3)mmHg, P < 0.01] and in central venous oxygen saturation [from 73 (SEM 2) to 59 (SEM 4)%, P < 0.01]. During NAL, mean HR increased from 70 (SEM 3); n.s. compared to control) to only 86 (SEM 9) beats · min^–1 (P < 0.02 compared to control) and MAP remained stable. The episode of hypotensive-bradycardia appeared as mean control HR decreased to 77 (SEM 7)beats · min^–1, TPR to 31.4(SEM 7.7)mmHg · min · 1^–1 and MAP to 60 (SEM 5)mmHg (P < 0.01), and the volunteers were tilted supine. Cardiovascular effects of naloxone on central hypovolaemia included a reduced elevation of HR and blood pressures and provocation of the episode of hypotensive-bradycardia.     

185例快速心律失常射频消融体会

目的探讨射频消融(RFCA)在治疗快速心率失常中的应用价值.方法我院自1996年10月～2000年11月RFCA治疗快速心率失常185例,其中男80例,女105例,年龄8～77岁.局麻后经皮穿刺颈内静脉、股静脉、股动脉,插入四极电生理电极导管,先行心内电生理检查明确心率失常类型,后以大头导管精确定位标测,最后开始RF放电,直至射频消融成功结果腔内电生理检查结果,房室旁路折返心动过速(AVNRT)70例,房速(AT)3例心房扑动(AF)2例,特发性室速(IVT)2例,平均随访1年,3例复发均再次消融成功,失败2例,无严重并发症.结论;RFCA是治疗快速心率失常的有效方法.安全,创伤小,可重复应用.     

A microcomputer-based system to evaluate cardiac pacing for the treatment of tachycardias

A microcomputer-based pacemaker system for the evaluation of pacemaker treatment of tachycardia is described. The system may be used to study tachycardia initiation, tachycardia termination or a combination of the two. The software incorporates a visual display unit screen handling package which provides the user-system interface. System-patient interfacing is performed by a separate pacing and sensing unit which communicates with the computer via standard digital input/output lines. Several pacing options are available, selectable from a screen-displayed menu. Each selection also has an associated set of programmable parameters which may be adjusted, within allowed limits, to suit particular studies. Examples of the use of the system for tachycardia termination are given. The main programming language for the controlling software was Fortran IV. Some routines were necessarily written in assembly language. The system is useful for evaluation purposes and forms the basis of a cardiac pacemaker development tool.     

射频消融治疗阵发性室上性心动过速262例分析

经导管射频消融治疗阵发性室上性心动过速（ＰＳＶＴ）２６２例,探讨ＲＦＣＡ治疗ＰＳＶＴ的安全性及疗效。方法：房室结双径路改良采用下位法;左侧旁道采用冠状窦电极粗标,大头电极在心室国标。右侧旁道采用左前斜４５度。大头电极在心房侧三尖瓣环处细标;房扑时标测心房激动顺序,用隐匿必拖法确定折返环部位,在心房内行线性消融方法治疗。结果：２６２例中慢－快型房室结折生心动过速（ＡＶＮＲＴ）７８例。,房室折返性心动     

Adenosine for the management of patients with tachycardias--a new protocol

We developed a new protocol for diagnosis and treatment of patientswith sustained tachycardias (heart rate > 150 beats. min^–1).The patients first underwent vagal manoeuvres; if those remainedunsuccessful, i.v. adenosine in increasing doses of 6, 12, and18 mg was administered until sinus rhythm (SR) or transientatrioventricular (AV) block, unmasking the underlying rhythm,was recorded. In the latter and in the non-responding casesother antiarrhythmics were applied. Ninety-three episodes of tachycardia in 46 patients were treatedaccording to this protocol. Six episodes (6%) were terminatedby carotid massage, 64 of the remaining 87 episodes (74%) respondedto adenosine with return to SR. Conversion to SR occurred moreoften in episodes with narrow- than in wide-complex tachycardia(81 vs 59%, P<005). To achieve SR, the mean adenosine dosewas lower in narrow- than in wide-complex tachycardia (13±8vs 21 ± 10 mg; P<0.01). The duration of asystole afteradenosine did not differ between these two groups, whereas theduration of arrhythmia after adenosine differed significantly(8.5 ± 5.8 vs 18.6 ± 22.9 s; P<0.05). Sideeffects of adenosine such as flush, dyspnoea, and chest paindid not seem to be dose dependent and occurred in about 20%. According to our protocol, in more than 75% SR was achievedin patients with sustained tachycardias after vagal manoeuvresand adenosine.     

射频消融治疗具有递减传导特性的慢旁路

方法和目的：探讨采用电生理检查和射频消融术治疗具有递减传导特性的慢旁路效果。　结果：心动过速时体表心电图呈窄ＱＲＳ波,逆行Ｐ波及Ｒ－Ｐ≥Ｐ－Ｒ,且ＰⅡ、Ⅲ、ａｖＦ倒置,ＰａｖＲ直立,心动过速与右室起搏均呈同样的偏心性心房激动顺序,室房呈递减性传导及长Ｖ－Ａ间期。　结论：成功射频消融慢旁路需在心动过速或心室起搏时仔细标测,寻找最早的心房激动点而非ＶＡ 融合。