甲状腺功能减退与子宫内膜癌的相关性分析

 目的 探讨甲状腺功能减退与子宫内膜癌（EC）的关系及EC患者癌组织分化程度和雌激素受体（ER）、孕激素受体（PR）的表达与甲状腺功能之间的关系。方法 选取2015年1月—2018年7月我院收治的EC患者113例，同时随机选取年龄与EC组相匹配的此段时间内我院健康体检的妇女156例作为对照组，检测血清促甲状腺激素（TSH）、甲状腺激素（FT4）。比较两组间甲状腺功能减退的患病率，并利用免疫组织化学法测定EC患者手术切除标本的癌组织中ER、PR的表达，分析EC患者癌组织分化程度及癌组织中ER、PR的表达与甲状腺功能之间的相关性。结果 EC组甲状腺功能减退的患病率较对照组高（P<0.000）。低分化EC患者的TSH高于中分化EC患者（P=0.025）。EC手术切除标本的癌组织中ER、PR阳性与阴性患者的TSH、FT4差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 甲状腺功能减退与EC具有相关性。     

Inactivated influenza vaccine formulated with single-stranded RNA-based adjuvant confers mucosal immunity and cross-protection against influenza virus infection

Influenza vaccination is considered the most valuable means to prevent and control seasonal influenza infections, which causes various clinical symptoms, ranging from mild cough and fever to even death. Among various influenza vaccine types, the inactivated subunit type is known to provide improved safety with reduced reactogenicity. However, there are some drawbacks associated with inactivated subunit type vaccines, with the main ones being its low immunogenicity and the induction of Th2-biased immune responses. In this study, we investigated the role of a single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) derived from the intergenic region in the internal ribosome entry site of the Cricket paralysis virus as an adjuvant rather than the universal vaccine for a seasonal inactivated subunit influenza vaccine. The ssRNA adjuvant stimulated not only well-balanced cellular (indicated by IgG2a, IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α) and humoral (indicated by IgG1 and IL-4) immune responses but also a mucosal immune response (indicated by IgA), a key protector against respiratory virus infections. It also increases the HI titer, the surrogate marker of influenza vaccine efficacy. Furthermore, ssRNA adjuvant confers cross-protective immune responses against heterologous influenza virus infection while promoting enhanced viral clearance. Moreover, ssRNA adjuvant increases the number of memory CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells, which can be expected to induce long-term immune responses. Therefore, this ssRNA-adjuvanted seasonal inactivated subunit influenza vaccine might be the best influenza vaccine generating robust humoral and cellular immune responses and conferring cross-protective and long-term immunity.     

绝经前后T1期乳腺癌患者临床特征的分析

目的:分析T1期(肿瘤直径<2cm)原发性乳腺癌女性患者绝经前后在肿瘤大小、病理分类、淋巴结转移率和数目。方法:常规病理检验以及应用免疫组化、HE法分别测定绝经前乳腺癌患者和绝经后乳腺癌患者者的ER、PR。结果:两组患者在肿瘤大小上无明显差异,但绝经前乳腺癌患者浸润导管癌的百分比为 84. 7%,绝经后乳腺癌患者的浸润导管癌百分比为 62. 2%,经χ2 检验,P<0. 01。两组淋巴结转移率分别为 39. 3%和 25. 5%,经χ2 检验,P<0. 01。两组ER和PR阳性伴淋巴结转移的比例经χ2 检验,P<0. 05。结论:绝经前乳腺癌患者和绝经后乳腺癌患者在病理分类、淋巴结转移率及数目、ER、PR阳性伴淋巴结转移上有显著性差异。对于T1原发性乳腺癌患者不论有无淋巴结转移,均应行癌肿切除伴Ⅰ、Ⅱ级淋巴结清扫。     

THE STUDY OF ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR IN NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA

ＴＨＥＳＴＵＤＹＯＦＥＳＴＲＯＧＥＮＡＮＤＰＲＯＧＥＳＴＥＲＯＮＥＲＥＣＥＰＴＯＲＩＮＮＡＳＯＰＨＡＲＹＮＧＥＡＬＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡＺｈｅｎｇＴｉａｎｒｏｎｇ郑天荣；ＬｉＪｉａｎｃｈｅｎｇ李建成；ＬｉｕＸｉｕｙｉｎｇ刘秀英；（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆ...     

利用T7和PR双启动子的新型表达载体的构建及其应用

构建具有λＰＲ与Ｔ７双启动动子的新型原核表达载体ｐＤＯＧ，以便使用同一载体研究不同诱导条件下，重组蛋白在大肠杆菌中表达，降解以及折叠的情况，从而选择最佳的诱导条件。方法采用ｐＢＶ２２０与ＰＥＴ－３表达载体作为原始材料，将ＰＥＴ－３上包括Ｔ７启动子与Ｔ７ｇ－１０释译起始序列的一段序列克隆到     

B cell epitope specificity in ANCA‐associated vasculitis: does it matter?

Pauci‐immune idiopathic small‐vessel vasculitis is strongly associated with the presence of antineutrophil cytoplasm autoantibodies (ANCA). Antibodies to PR3 predominate in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis; antibodies to myeloperoxidase (MPO) are found more frequently in patients with microscopic polyangiitis. There is increasing in vivo and in vitro evidence for a pathogenic role of ANCA in systemic vasculitis based on associations of ANCA with disease activity. If ANCA are pathogenic, why is the course of disease different from one patient to another? Antibodies can recognize different binding sites (epitopes) on their corresponding antigens. Differences in binding specificity may influence the pathogenic potential of the antibodies. Differences between epitope specificity of ANCA between patients or changes in epitope specificity of ANCA in time in an individual patient may, accordingly, result in differences in disease expression. This review will focus on epitope specificity of autoantibodies in systemic autoimmune diseases and especially on the epitope specificity of PR3– and MPO–ANCA. We will discuss whether PR3–ANCA or MPO–ANCA recognize different epitopes on PR3 and MPO, respectively, and whether the epitopes recognized by ANCA change in parallel with the disease activity of ANCA‐associated vasculitis. Finally, we will speculate if the direct pathogenic role of ANCA can be ascribed to one relapse‐ or disease‐inducing epitope. Characterization of relapse‐ or disease‐inducing epitopes bound by PR3–ANCA and MPO–ANCA is significant for understanding initiation and reactivation of ANCA‐associated vasculitis. Elucidating a disease‐inducing epitope bound by ANCA may lead to the development of epitope‐specific therapeutic strategies.     

GnRHa对子宫肌瘤雌孕激素和表皮生长因子受体的影响

目的　探讨促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRHa)对子宫肌瘤内雌、孕激素受体(ER、PR)、表皮生长因子受体(EGF-R)的影响。方法　测定13例子宫肌瘤患者经GnRHa治疗3月后肌瘤内雌、孕激素受体和EGF-R水平,并以28例未用药肌瘤作对照。结果　 GnRHa治疗组肌瘤内ER、PR、EGF-R水平明显低于对照组。结论　GnRHa除减少肌瘤内ER、PR外,使肌瘤内EGF-R的水平下降可能是GnRHa治疗子宫肌瘤的一个重要机制。     

补肾益气清热方对溴隐亭致低PRL大鼠流产模型蜕膜PRLR、PR、ER mRNA的影响

目的 :从基因转录水平探讨补肾益气清热中药对溴隐亭致低 PRL流产大鼠模型的 PRLR、PR、ER m RNA在蜕膜上表达的影响 ,同时观察血中 PRL、P、E2 的动态变化。方法 :采用 RT- PCR方法行半定量图像分析 ,观察溴隐亭致低 PRL流产大鼠模型组 ( A组 )与模型 +中药保胎组 ( A+ H组 )之间 PRLR、PR、ER m RNA表达的差异 ;放免法测定血清 PRL、P、E2 的水平。结果 :A组蜕膜PRLR、PR m RNA表达明显低于 A+ H组 ( P<0 .0 1 ) ,ER m RNA表达两组间无显著性差异 ( P>0 .0 5 ) ;A组流产率为 67% ,而 A+ H组流产率仅为 1 7% ,差异有显著性 ;A组孕 7～ 1 0 d血清PRL、P水平显著低于 A+ H组 ( P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :溴隐亭可导致血清 PRL、P水平下降 ,且下调早孕大鼠蜕膜 PRLR、PR m RNA的表达而导致流产发生 ,补肾益气清热方可能通过促进 PRL、P分泌 ,上调 PRLR、PR m RNA的表达 ,恢复正常的妊娠微环境而起到保胎作用。     

子宫内膜癌细胞中孕激素受体的多因素调节

目的　通过体外实验研究雌激素、孕激素、胰岛素 /胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ (Insulin -likegrowthfactorⅠ ,IGF -Ⅰ )对内膜癌细胞中孕激素受体 (Progesteronereceptor,PR )亚型表达的调节 ,探讨内膜癌细胞中PR亚型表达的意义。方法　体外培养高分化子宫内膜癌细胞Ishikawa ,按实验目的分别加入雌激素、孕激素、雌激素孕激素联合、胰岛素及IGF -Ⅰ刺激 2 4h、 4 8h后 ,采用Westernblot方法测定各个条件下内膜癌细胞中两种孕激素受体亚型的表达。结果　内膜癌细胞Ishikawa在自然状态下 ,PR -A和PR -B均阳性表达 ;细胞经血清限制后 ,总PR及两种亚型都明显下调。雌激素可以上调细胞中PR -A和PR -B表达水平 ,但在高血清时明显。孕激素单独或雌、孕激素联合应用在 4 8h时都可以降低Ishikawa细胞中PR表达。胰岛素 /IGF -Ⅰ在 2 4h时可以上调PR -B水平 ,4 8h时此上调作用消失。结论　①雌激素对PR的上调作用与血清浓度有关 ,血清中可能含有雌激素作用所需要的某些因子 ;②孕激素对内膜癌细胞Ishikawa中PR有下调作用 ;③胰岛素 /IGF -Ⅰ可以上调内膜癌细胞中PR表达 ,主要是PR -B表达 ,但此作用持续时间短     

p53和雌、孕激素受体在子宫内膜癌的表达及其临床意义

目的:研究p53、ER和PR在子宫内膜癌的表达及其临床意义。方法:应用免疫组化技术对56例子宫内膜癌组织进行检测,结合临床病理学指标进行分析。结果:p53、ER和PR在56例子宫内膜癌的阳性表达率分别是44.6 %,66.1 %和64.3 %。p53的阳性表达率在子宫内膜癌的不同临床分期和组织学分级均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。ER、PR在子宫内膜癌的阳性表达率与组织学分级密切相关,在组织分化好的阳性表达率显著高于组织分化差的阳性表达率(P<0.05)。结论:p53在子宫内膜癌的发生、发展中起着重要的调控作用。ER、PR的缺失表达与子宫内膜癌的恶性程度密切相关,对分析子宫内膜癌的预后和指导临床内分泌治疗均有重要意义。