天麻钩藤饮治疗高血压病120例

目的：对天麻钩藤饮治疗高血压病的疗效进行临床观察。方法：190例高血压病人随机分为观察组120例,对照组70例,观察组口服天麻钩藤饮加减与对照组口服硝苯地平片,卡托普利片,吲达帕胺片作对照。观察指标包括临床症状,血压（Bp）,血糖（GLu）,血清总胆固醇（ChoL）,血清甘油三酯（TG）,血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL）,血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL）,一年内发生并发症情况及其它等。结果：天麻钩藤饮可以降低高血压病患者的血压（两组差异无显著性P〉0.05）,降低血脂,改善高血压病患者的临床症状（差异有显著性P〈0.05）。一年后随访远期疗效满意,无一例中风,对照组发生中风9例占12.9%（差异有显著性P〈0.05）。结论：天麻钩藤饮治疗高血压病远期疗效满意,可预防高血压病人并发症的发生。     

九一升白口服液对小鼠白细胞放射损伤的防护研究

目的研究中药九一升白口服液(91WID)对60Co γ射线损伤小鼠白细胞的防护作用.方法用2种不同剂量的91WID和生理盐水灌胃实验组和单纯照射组小鼠,各组受试鼠给予⒋0 Gy60Co γ射线一次性全身照射,观察不同处理组血象变化情况.结果九一升白口服液高、低剂量组小鼠白细胞、血小板(PLT)计数显著高于单纯照射组(P＜0.01),91WID高剂量保护组RBC计数与单纯照射组差异非常显著(P＜0.01).结论九一升白口服液能够提高小鼠白细胞、红细胞和血小板计数,对小鼠造血系统的放射损伤具有一定防护作用.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定饮料中的咖啡因、茶碱和可可碱

目的建立市售饮料中咖啡因、茶碱和可可碱的液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)。方法将饮料用水稀释100倍后,采用三氯甲烷∶异丙醇(9∶1,V/V)进行提取,提取液经Allure PFP Propyl柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,5μm)分离,以5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液(含5%甲醇、0.05%的甲酸)-甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子化(ESI+)、多反应监测模式同时测定咖啡因、茶碱和可可碱。结果咖啡因、茶碱和可可碱在10 ng/ml^1000 ng/ml范围内方法的线性相关系数(r)均>0.9970,检出限为2 ng/ml^5 ng/ml,加标回收率均>60.68%,精密度均<14.41%。应用于实际市售饮料中,均检出咖啡因成分,部分饮品检出茶碱、可可碱成分。结论该方法简便、灵敏,可用于监测市售饮料中咖啡因、茶碱、可可碱的含量。     

Temperature dissociation of liquids in reusable thermoplastic containers—An eco-friendly scald risk?

Recent global concern regarding the impact of plastic waste on the environment has resulted in efforts to utilise reusable drink containers. Research is lacking regarding temperature dissociation of drinks in reusable thermoplastic cups. This study aimed to compare the cooling time of two common hot drinks sold at a UK retailer, in the three vessels they are sold; ceramic, disposable paper (with and without lid) and reusable thermoplastic cups (with and without lid). All temperatures were collated from 250 ml volumes of black Americano coffee or café latte in the three different containers. The cooling time was measured every sixty seconds using a standardised digital thermocouple thermometer until a threshold liquid temperature of 43 °C was reached. All experiments were performed in triplicate and temperatures converted to a dimensionless logarithmic scale prior to statistical analysis.Cooling time was significantly slower for lidded cups irrespective of material. Unlidded thermoplastic cups significantly slowed cooling times for both black Americano coffee and café latte compared to ceramic and unlidded disposable paper cups.The growing trend in reusable cups does not in itself pose an increased risk of scald injury. However, we consider that the potentially increased ambulatory behaviour associated with using a lidded rather than unlidded cup may increase scald risk. We propose that further consumer guidance should be disseminated regarding the use of any lidded takeaway container to prevent scalds in both adults and children.     

高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱联用法测定饮料中的人工合成色素

目的：建立饮料中8种人工合成色素日落黄、柠檬黄、苋菜红、胭脂红、赤藓红、诱惑红、酸性靛蓝和亮蓝的定性、定量分析方法。方法：饮料样品经加热驱除二氧化碳或乙醇后直接过膜进样，以甲醇＋乙酸铵（0．02mol／L，pH=4．0）为流动相，梯度淋洗分离，电喷雾（ESI）离子化，选择反应监测方式（SRM）定性和定量。结果：样品处理简单，定性、定量准确，检测灵敏度高，回收率98．2％～101．6％，RSD0．3％～1．2％，相关系数0．9991～0．9999，检出限0．4～13μg/L。结论：该方法简单、准确、灵敏，适用于饮料中这8种人工合成色素的确证和定量分析。     

Energy drink consumption and increased risk for alcohol dependence

Background: Energy drinks are highly caffeinated beverages that are increasingly consumed by young adults. Prior research has established associations between energy drink use and heavier drinking and alcohol‐related problems among college students. This study investigated the extent to which energy drink use might pose additional risk for alcohol dependence over and above that from known risk factors. Methods: Data were collected via personal interview from 1,097 fourth‐year college students sampled from 1 large public university as part of an ongoing longitudinal study. Alcohol dependence was assessed according to DSM‐IV criteria. Results: After adjustment for the sampling design, 51.3%_wt of students were classified as “low‐frequency” energy drink users (1 to 51 days in the past year) and 10.1%_wt as “high‐frequency” users (≥52 days). Typical caffeine consumption varied widely depending on the brand consumed. Compared to the low‐frequency group, high‐frequency users drank alcohol more frequently (141.6 vs. 103.1 days) and in higher quantities (6.15 vs. 4.64 drinks/typical drinking day). High‐frequency users were at significantly greater risk for alcohol dependence relative to both nonusers (AOR = 2.40, 95% CI = 1.27 to 4.56, p = 0.007) and low‐frequency users (AOR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.10, 3.14, p = 0.020), even after holding constant demographics, typical alcohol consumption, fraternity/sorority involvement, depressive symptoms, parental history of alcohol/drug problems, and childhood conduct problems. Low‐frequency energy drink users did not differ from nonusers on their risk for alcohol dependence. Conclusions: Weekly or daily energy drink consumption is strongly associated with alcohol dependence. Further research is warranted to understand the possible mechanisms underlying this association. College students who frequently consume energy drinks represent an important target population for alcohol prevention.