理肺消积丸对Lewis肺癌小鼠肿瘤生长的抑制作用

目的:观察理肺消积丸对Lewis肺癌小鼠肿瘤生长的影响作用。方法:将50只小鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组、理肺消积丸组[240μg/(g·d)]、顺铂组[0.5μg/(g·d)]、联合组[理肺消积丸240μg/(g·d)+顺铂0.5μg/(g·d)]。采用皮下接种法建立Lewis肺癌小鼠模型,制备模型次日进行药物干预。2周后分别采用活体成像技术检测小鼠体内肿瘤生长情况,HE染色评价肿瘤组织病理学形态,免疫组化技术观察肿瘤细胞增殖细胞核抗原(Proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)及人第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源物(gene of phosphate and tension homology deleted on chromosome ten,PTEN)的表达情况,TUNEL技术评价肿瘤细胞凋亡情况。结果:模型对照组小鼠体内肿瘤增殖明显,肿瘤细胞异型性明显、核分裂象多见,PCNA蛋白表达程度极高,而细胞凋亡率及PTEN蛋白表达量极低。与模型对照组对比,理肺消积丸组的肿瘤生长受到抵制,肿瘤细胞异型性及核分裂象减少,PCNA蛋白表达下降,肿瘤细胞凋亡率升高,PTEN蛋白表达升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而顺铂组和联合组除PTEN蛋白表达较模型对照组差异无统计学意义外,其余指标均有统计学意义。结论:理肺消积丸可显著抑制Lewis肺癌小鼠肿瘤生长,其机制可能与其抑制肺癌细胞增殖、上调细胞凋亡和PTEN蛋白表达有关。     

妊娠早期胎儿颈部透明层厚度与胎儿预后的前瞻性队列研究

目的探讨妊娠早期胎儿颈部透明层(NT)厚度与胎儿预后的关系。方法收集2015年12月至2018年12月于南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院行妊娠早期胎儿NT厚度测量的单胎孕妇,共4958例建立前瞻性研究队列,进行妊娠早期胎儿结构超声筛查、妊娠早期血清学筛查、妊娠中期超声筛查及对新生儿出生后28 d的体格检查。根据妊娠早期超声筛查的结果,分为胎儿NT增厚(≥3.0 mm)者167例与NT厚度正常者4791例;将胎儿NT增厚的孕妇,分为胎儿单纯NT增厚者86例与NT增厚合并结构异常者81例。分析不同NT厚度胎儿的预后,并重点对单纯NT增厚与NT增厚合并结构异常胎儿的妊娠结局进行分析。妊娠早期超声筛查发现胎儿结构异常或血清学筛查结果为高风险的孕妇,经绒毛穿刺取样术行染色体微阵列分析(CMA)检测以明确产前诊断。结果(1)胎儿NT厚度正常孕妇的妊娠结局:共4791例孕妇,包括胎儿NT厚度正常且无结构异常者4726例,其中妊娠中期及产后新诊断结构异常83例,4688例活产;胎儿NT厚度正常但结构异常的孕妇65例,其中61例孕妇终止妊娠,4例活产。(2)胎儿单纯NT增厚孕妇的妊娠结局:86例孕妇中,66例(76.7%,66/86)行CMA检测,3例胎儿诊断为21三体综合征;除7例孕妇选择终止妊娠外,余79例行妊娠中期超声检查、新生儿出生后28 d体格检查、新生儿电话随访至6~21个月均未发现发育异常。(3)胎儿NT增厚合并结构异常孕妇的妊娠结局:81例孕妇中,73例(90.1%,73/81)行CMA检测,其中32例的胎儿为染色体非整倍体异常。70例选择终止妊娠,2例妊娠中期自然流产,9例活产。(4)NT增厚是否合并结构异常胎儿的产前诊断结果及预后比较:单纯NT增厚的胎儿染色体非整倍体的发生率为3.5%(3/86),合并结构异常者为39.5%(32/81),两者比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=32.7,P<0.01);胎儿单纯NT增厚孕妇的健康新生儿存活率为91.9%(79/86),合并结构异常者为9.9%(8/81),两者比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=112.3,P<0.01)。结论妊娠早期,超声筛查胎儿NT及结构,能提高出生缺陷的产前筛查率。单纯NT增厚胎儿的染色体非整倍体的发生率较低,新生儿健康存活率较高。     

丝棉木种子化学成分及其抗肿瘤活性

目的 研究丝棉木Euonymus maackii Rupr.种子的化学成分及其抗肿瘤活性.方法 丝棉木种子95%乙醇提取物乙酸乙酯部位采用硅胶、D101、反相HPLC进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定所得化合物的结构.MTT法测定其抗肿瘤活性.结果 从中分离得到10个化合物,分别鉴定为1β-甲基正丁酰氧基-2β-苯甲酰氧基-4α-羟基-6α-呋喃酰氧基-9β,12-二乙酰氧基-β-二氢沉香呋喃(1)、6α,9β,12-三乙酰氧基-1β,2β,8β-三苯甲酰氧基-β-二氢沉香呋喃(2)、6α,9β,12-三乙酰氧基-1β,8β-二苯甲酰氧基-2β-正己酰氧基-β-二氢沉香呋喃(3)、6α,9β,12-三乙酰氧基-1β,8β-二苯甲酰氧基-2β-正辛酰氧基-β-二氢沉香呋喃(4)、6α,9β,12-三乙酰氧基-1β,8β-二苯甲酰氧基-2β-正癸酰氧基-β-二氢沉香呋喃(5)、卫矛羰碱(6)、6α,12-二乙酸基-1β,9α-二乙酸(β-呋喃羧氧基)-4α-羟基-2β-2-甲基丁酯-β-二氢沉香呋喃(7)、6α,9β,12-三乙酰氧基-1β,8β-二苯甲酰氧基-2β-羟基-β-二氢沉香呋喃(8)、6α,12-二乙酸基-1β,9 α-二乙酸(β-呋喃羧氧基)-4α-羟基-1β-2-甲基丁酯-β-二氢沉香呋喃(9)、6α,9β,12-四乙酰氧基-1β,8β-二苯甲酰氧基-β-二氢沉香呋喃(10).化合物6对Hela细胞有明显的抑制作用,IC50为9.76 μg/mL.结论 化合物1为新化合物.化合物6有一定的抗肿瘤活性.     

柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤联合腹针治疗脑卒中后抑郁疗效观察

目的:观察柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤联合腹针治疗脑卒中后抑郁的临床疗效。方法:将94例失眠患者随机分为对照组和治疗组各47例,对照组采用氟哌噻吨美利曲辛片治疗,治疗组采用柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤联合腹针治疗,两组均连续治疗6周后判定临床疗效,比较两组患者治疗前后汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分及Barthel指数(BI)变化。结果:两组患者治疗后HAMD评分较本组治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),BI评分较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05),且治疗组治疗后HAMD评分低于对照组(P<0.05),BI评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后中医证候积分与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者中医证候积分差值比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤联合腹针治疗脑卒中后抑郁可改善患者抑郁症状。     

Paired associated magnetic stimulation promotes neural repair in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model of stroke

Paired associative stimulation has been used in stroke patients as an innovative recovery treatment. However, the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effectiveness of paired associative stimulation on neurological function remain unclear. In this study, rats were randomly divided into middle cerebral occlusion model(MCAO) and paired associated magnetic stimulation(PAMS) groups. The MCAO rat model was produced by middle cerebral artery embolization. The PAMS group received PAMS on days 3 to 20 post MCAO. The MCAO group received sham stimulation, three times every week. Within 18 days after ischemia, rats were subjected to behavioral experiments—the foot-fault test, the balance beam walking test, and the ladder walking test. Balance ability was improved on days 15 and 17, and the footfault rate was less in their affected limb on day 15 in the PAMS group compared with the MCAO group. Western blot assay showed that the expression levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor, glutamate receptor 2/3, postsynaptic density protein 95 and synapsin-1 were significantly increased in the PAMS group compared with the MCAO group in the ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex on day 21. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed that regional brain activities in the sensorimotor cortex were increased in the ipsilateral hemisphere, but decreased in the contralateral hemisphere on day 20. By finite element simulation, the electric field distribution showed a higher intensity, of approximately 0.4 A/m~2, in the ischemic cortex compared with the contralateral cortex in the template. Together, our findings show that PAMS upregulates neuroplasticity-related proteins, increases regional brain activity, and promotes functional recovery in the affected sensorimotor cortex in the rat MCAO model. The experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Fudan University, China(approval No. 201802173 S) on March 3, 2018.     

蒙医用蒙药对新冠肺炎及疫病的的防治对策

介绍了蒙医药文献中对疫病的防治及现代蒙医对新冠肺炎的防治药物。     

Novel intronic variant in PALB2 gene and effective prevention of Fanconi anemia in family

Familial Cancer - Despite the acceptance of NextGen sequencing as a diagnostic modality suitable for probands and carriers of Mendelian diseases, its efficiency in identifying causal mutations is...