内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区成人慢性肾脏病流行病学调查

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general adult population in the Hulunbeir Prefecture, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region where many minorities of north China live. Methods Sampling surveywas performed in the residents aged 20 years and older in the Hulunbeir Prefecture. All the investigated subjects were tested for urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR); hematuria by microscopy of urinary sediment; and GFR estimated by modified MDRD equation for Chinese adults (eGFR). The related risk factors of CKD were also investigated. Results A total of 4522 subjects were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of albuminuria was 7.11％, hematuria was 2.64％ and reduced eGFR [60 ml-min-1·(1.73 m2)-1] was 2.75％. The prevalence of hypertension was 38.90％; hyperglycemia 6.61％; hyperlipidemia 2.72％; increased waist 24.79％ and metabolic syndrome 15.02％. After the subjects with combined microalbuminuria, hematuria and reduced eGFR were excluded, the prevalence of CKD was 12.95％. Logistic regression analysis and stratified analysis showed increased age, increased waist, elevated systolic pressure, hyperglycemia,hypertriglyceridemia and metabolic syndrome were independently associated with albuminuria;increased age, elevated systolic pressure and hyperglycemia were independently associated with reduced eGFR; increased age was independently associated with hematuria. Conclusions The prevalence of adult CKD is 12.95％ in the Hulunbeir Prefecture, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Independent risk factors of CKD include increased age, increased waist, hypertension,abnormal blood glucose or lipid, and metabolic syndrome.     

云南省西双版纳地区成人慢性肾脏病流行病学调查

目的 了解我国云南省西双版纳少数民族地区成人慢性肾脏病(CKD)患病率及危险因素.方法 对该地区20岁以上常住居民进行随机分层抽样,留取晨尿,分别采用尿白蛋白,肌酐比值方法检测白蛋白尿发生率(≥30 mg/g为阳性);干化学法结合尿离心后显微镜检查法检测血尿发生率(≥3红细胞/高倍视野为阳性);以中国人简化MDRD公式计算估计肾小球滤过率(eGFR)[低于60 ml·min-1·(1.73m2)-1者为eGFR异常].检测CKD相关危险因素指标.结果 符合入选条件的被调查者共5566例,白蛋白尿阳性率为8.06%;血尿阳性率为4.01%;eGFR低于60 ml·min-1(1.73 m2)-1者为2.89%;去除白蛋白尿、血尿及eGFR下降共同存在造成的重复.该地区CKD患病率为12.53%.性别、年龄、民族以及相关危险因素分层后比较结果与多因素Logistic回归分析结果一致,年龄增加、血压升高、空腹血糖升高及三酰甘油升高与白蛋白尿独立相关;年龄增加、收缩压升高与肾功能下降独立相关;年龄增加与血尿独立相关.结论 云南省西双版纳地区成人CKD患病率为12.53%,相关危险因素包括年龄增加、高血压、血糖及血脂异常.     

内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区成人慢性肾脏病流行病学调查

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general adult population in the Hulunbeir Prefecture, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region where many minorities of north China live. Methods Sampling surveywas performed in the residents aged 20 years and older in the Hulunbeir Prefecture. All the investigated subjects were tested for urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR); hematuria by microscopy of urinary sediment; and GFR estimated by modified MDRD equation for Chinese adults (eGFR). The related risk factors of CKD were also investigated. Results A total of 4522 subjects were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of albuminuria was 7.11％, hematuria was 2.64％ and reduced eGFR [60 ml-min-1·(1.73 m2)-1] was 2.75％. The prevalence of hypertension was 38.90％; hyperglycemia 6.61％; hyperlipidemia 2.72％; increased waist 24.79％ and metabolic syndrome 15.02％. After the subjects with combined microalbuminuria, hematuria and reduced eGFR were excluded, the prevalence of CKD was 12.95％. Logistic regression analysis and stratified analysis showed increased age, increased waist, elevated systolic pressure, hyperglycemia,hypertriglyceridemia and metabolic syndrome were independently associated with albuminuria;increased age, elevated systolic pressure and hyperglycemia were independently associated with reduced eGFR; increased age was independently associated with hematuria. Conclusions The prevalence of adult CKD is 12.95％ in the Hulunbeir Prefecture, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Independent risk factors of CKD include increased age, increased waist, hypertension,abnormal blood glucose or lipid, and metabolic syndrome.     

内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区成人慢性肾脏病流行病学调查

目的 探讨我国内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔少数民族聚居区成年人群中慢性肾脏病（CKD）患病率及其危险因素。 方法 对该地区20岁以上常住居民进行CKD抽样调查,被调查者均检测了尿白蛋白/肌酐比率、血尿（离心后尿沉渣显微镜检查）及估计肾小球滤过率（eGFR,检验血清肌酐后用国人校正的简化MDRD公式计算）;并同时调查了CKD的相关危险因素。 结果 符合入选条件的被调查者共4522例,白蛋白尿阳性率为7.11%;血尿阳性率为2.64%;eGFR低于60 ml•min-1•(1.73 m2)-1者为2.75%;去除白蛋白尿、血尿及eGFR下降共同存在造成的重复,该地区CKD患病率为12.95%。高血压患病率38.90%,糖代谢异常6.61%,脂代谢异常34.60%,腰围增大24.79%,代谢综合征15.02%。多因素Logistic回归分析及分层分析显示,年龄增加、腰围增大、收缩压升高、空腹血糖升高、血清三酰甘油增高及患代谢综合征与白蛋白尿发生相关;年龄增加、收缩压升高及空腹血糖升高与肾功能下降相关;年龄增加与血尿发生相关。 结论 内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔地区CKD患病率为12.95%。相关危险因素包括年龄增加、腰围增大、高血压、血糖或血脂异常、及代谢综合征。     

系统性红斑狼疮合并原发性肾病综合征病例分析

1病例资料女,30岁。因颜面及双下肢水肿4天入我院。患者4天前无明显诱因出现颜面及双下肢可凹性水肿,自觉尿量减少,伴恶心、腹胀,到北京某院就诊,血尿素13·24 mmol/L,肌酐101·66μmol/L,白蛋白19·1 g/L,胆固醇9·0 mmol/L,甘油三酯5·12 mmol/L,尿蛋白>3·0 g/L,隐血(+)。予呋噻米20 mg每日1次口服,症状无明显好转,遂至我院就诊。病程中无肉眼血尿,夜尿增加,未测血压,无发热、皮疹、关节肿痛、脱发及口腔溃病。精神食欲差,睡眠欠佳,大便正常,体重较前增加。患者既往体健,个人史、月经婚育史及家族史均无特殊。查体:血压130/80 mmHg。…     

新型红细胞生成刺激剂的现状与展望

<正>贫血是慢性肾衰竭(chronic renal failure,CRF)患者最常见的并发症之一,虽然其病因是多种多样的,但是红细胞生成素(erythropoietin,EPO)的不足仍是其首要病因。在红细胞生成刺激剂     

特发性膜性肾病患者早期蛋白尿未缓解的影响因素分析

目的探讨肾脏病理表现为特发性膜性肾病(idiopathic membranous nephropathy, IMN)的肾病综合征(nephrotic syndrome, NS)患者早期蛋白尿未缓解的影响因素。方法回顾性观察研究, 收集首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院2010年6月1日至2022年1月31日经肾活检明确诊断为IMN且治疗6个月后血清白蛋白恢复正常NS患者的临床资料, 根据尿蛋白量是否 < 3.5 g/24 h且尿蛋白量下降≥基线值的50%分为蛋白尿缓解组和蛋白尿未缓解组。比较两组基线临床及病理表现特征的差异。应用Logistic回归模型分析蛋白尿未缓解的影响因素。结果 95例肾脏病理诊断为IMN的NS患者入选本研究, 年龄57(43, 65)岁, 男性50例(52.6%), 其中蛋白尿缓解组75例, 蛋白尿未缓解组20例。与蛋白尿缓解组比较, 蛋白尿未缓解组患者基线体重指数[(26.83±4.03)kg/m2比(24.68±3.97)kg/m2, t=-2.149, P=0.034]和超重比例(85.0%比58.7%, χ2=4.765, P=0.029)均较高, 基线...     

局灶节段肾小球硬化症的诊断与治疗

局灶节段肾小球硬化症(focal segmental glomerulose-erosis,FSGS)是一组临床及病理表现都具有特点的肾小球疾病.该病近年在世界范围内发病率有明显上升[1,2].本病临床以大量蛋白尿及肾病综合征为主要表现,病理呈现肾小球局灶节段性硬化.通常根据病因将其分为原发性和继烫发性两大类,本文重点讨论原发性FSGS的表现、治疗和预后.     

肾淀粉样变病的研究现状

一、概念与分类 淀粉样蛋白是由蛋白分子交错折叠产生，β-褶片的广泛形成使之易于聚集而形成不可溶纤维，并对刚果红呈高亲和性。目前已经发现至少25种淀粉样蛋白，这些物质可以通过低聚反应形成大分子物质，并聚集在组织间质，破坏正常的组织结构，导致淀粉样变病。     

伴肾小动脉硬化病变的IgA肾病的临床病理特点及预后

该研究为回顾性研究, 分析2010年3月至2021年3月首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院866例IgA肾病(IgA nephropathy, IgAN)患者的临床资料, 探讨伴肾小动脉硬化病变的IgAN患者的临床病理及肾脏预后, 并初步探讨补体异常活化是否参与IgAN肾小动脉硬化病变的损伤。根据肾组织病理有无肾小动脉硬化病变分为肾小动脉硬化病变组和无肾小动脉硬化病变组, 比较两组间临床病理表现及预后。结果显示, 与无肾小动脉硬化病变组(n=236)相比, 肾小动脉硬化病变组(n=630)IgAN患者具有较高比例的高血压病史及恶性高血压病史, 较高水平的尿白蛋白肌酐比值、24 h尿蛋白量及血尿酸, 较低的估算肾小球滤过率, 较严重的牛津分型MEST-C病变(均P < 0.05)。Cox回归分析结果显示, 肾小动脉硬化病变是IgAN进展至主要终点事件(终末期肾病、估算肾小球滤过率下降≥30%或全因死亡)的独立影响因素(HR=6.437, 95%CI 2.013～20.585, P=0.002)。肾组织病理显示肾小动脉硬化病变组(n=98)IgAN患者的肾小动脉壁补体C3c沉积强度高于无肾...