自来水中的余氯对再污染微生物灭活作用的研究

实验室试验表明,饮水中含自由性余氯0.2mg/L,可使再污染微生物灭活。其中f_2噬菌体的耐受力较大肠杆菌为强。结合性余氯对再污染微生物的灭活作用差,但可用加碘化钾法增效。浑浊度、温度、pH值与有机氮化物(甘氨酸)均对余氯的杀菌作用有所影响。     

饮水协同消毒效果观察

<正> 当前的饮水消毒,仍以采用氯制剂为主。由于氯与天然水中的有机物可形成三氯甲烷等致癌物质,再加上欲杀灭肠道致病性病毒,须提高饮水中的加氯量,致使氯味过高,不受饮用者欢迎。协同消毒法是采用两种或两种以上的药剂来进行消毒,不仪可使各药用量减少,而且消毒效果亦比分别使用时为高。为改进饮水的消毒,选择3组协同消     

饮用水化学消毒的研究近况

<正> 饮用水消毒为现代日常生活中必不可少的一项卫生措施。许多介水传播的传染病迄今尚未被彻底控制,因此各国对饮用水消毒的研究极为重视。现仅将化学消毒中的一些成果介绍于下。     

几种消毒剂在低温水中的杀菌效果观察

我国北方与寒冷的西伯利亚大陆毗邻,全年气温较低。据有关资料介绍,东北、西北和华北的大部份地区每年约有一半时间处于寒冷的冬天(表1)。例如,黑龙江地区冬季最长,持续7个月之久;黄河流域虽然属于温带,但冬季日数也有5个月时间。当我们进行水质处理时,低温水消毒就是经常遇到的情况,也是需要认真研究的问题。     

饮水消毒中化学消毒剂的浓时积与Q_(10)值

<正> Watson提出的浓时积是定量评价饮水消毒中化学消毒剂对微生物灭活效果的一项实用指标。浓时积计算公式c~n·T=K表明,消毒剂灭活某实验微生物到一定效果(例如杀灭90%或99%)时,其浓度(C)与所需作用时间(T)的乘积为一常数     

我国大中城市自来水氯消毒效果探讨

151 tap waters in 140 Chinese larger cities were investigated. In North China, under-ground waters were 47 out of 69; in South China, surface waters were 74 out of 82. Disinfection with liquid chlorine was the main treatment process (about 125 tap waters). In general, pollution of the raw waters in the South were higher than that in the North; in the surface waters were higher than that in the under-ground waters. It was the same with the amount of chlorine demand during chlorination. The average amount of chlorine added into the tap waters was 2.12mg/L, their average demand of chlorine was 1.43mg/L, and the average amount of residual chlorine was 0.68mg/L. The amount of chlorine demand during chlorination of the tap waters was markedly affected by the amount of NH+4(N), NO2- (N) or chemical oxygen demand in them, but not affected by the microorganisms in them. No sample of the tap waters contained more than 3/L coliform groups and 100/L bacterial total counts, when their residual chlorine was higher than 0.3mg/L.     

氯消毒饮水的研究进展

迄今,在饮水消毒上尚未找到一种比氯更好的药剂,用氯消毒饮水虽有争议,但仍无取代者,继续在发展,并有久盛不衰之势。现就近年对氯消毒饮水中的几个主要研究问题,简介如下: 一、病毒的灭活迄今、世界各国已有几十次关于传染性甲型肝炎介水传播的报道,其它如病毒性胃肠炎和小儿麻痹症的介水传播报道亦多,尤其是引起胃肠炎的轮状病毒,在儿童中流行甚广。据联合国卫生组织调查,全球每年死于胃肠炎腹泻的幼儿约5×10~6例,受轮状病毒感染的占4